计算机在化学中的应用

本文简要叙述计算机在分析化学、化学平衡、化学教学等方面的应用.     

The uptake of ethyl iodide on black carbon surface

The importance of the iodine chemistry in the atmosphere has been demonstrated by recent obserations. The uptake of ethyl iodine on black carbon surface was inestigated at 298 K for the first time. Degussa FW2 （an amorphous black carbon comprising medium oxides） was used as black carbon sample. Black carbon surface was found to be deactiated in reaction with C2H51, and the uptake coefficient （r） was dependent on the time of exposure. The alue of （2.3±0.9）×10^-2 was determined for the initial uptake coefficient （No）. The result suggests that the heterogeneous loss of C2H51 on carbonaceous aerosols may be important under the atmospheric conditions.     

Green chemistry: C-C coupling and asymmetric reduction by innovative catalysis

A catalytic method has been developed, which allows aryl halides to couple with various electron-rich olefins to give 1,1＇-substituted olefins. The palladium-catalysed coupling in ionic liquid solvent proceeds with high efficiency and remarkable regioselectivity without the need for any costly or toxic halide scavengers. Parallel to this, an environmentally-appealing method for the asymmetric reduction of ketones has been established, with which a variety of chiral alcohols can be accessed with high enantioselectivity in water with no need for any organic solvents. The same chemistry has been explored for the reduction of aldehydes, which is shown to be fast and highly chemoselective. These methods add new tools to the armoury of synthetic chemists.     

基于智能Agent个性化化学专业信息检索系统的设计

介绍了智能Agent的结构与特性,设计了一个基于智能Agent的面向化学专业信息检索服务系统,阐述了该系统的体系结构和各组成部分的设计思想。     

无机元素化学课程的改革与思考

针对无机元素化学课程的特点,对无机元素化学教材、教学内容、教学方法及考核方式进行了讨论,指出积极开展推进双语教学和网络化教学是无机元素化学课程教学的重点。     

Pulse waves in hydrogen peroxide-sulfite-thiosulfate-perchlorate acid system

The study of chemical waves in nonlinear dynamics has got much more attention in recent years[1―3], which would play an important role in diverse scientific fields such as polymer synthesis, catalysis, combustion and self-organiza- tion of life[4―8]. Many studies based on the oxidation of compounds containing sulfur have been carried out for design of oscillators and chemical waves. Rábai and Hanazaki[7] found that the H2O2-S2O32?-SO32?-H+ system could display simple pH oscillations, per…     

Selective herbivory on mosaic leaves of variegatedAcer pseudoplatanus

Summary The color mosaicism was observed to correlate with selective herbivory on different leaf areas of individual leaves of the variegated sycamoreAcer pseudoplatanus. The mosaicism affected the content of nutrients and of phenolic compounds and also the mechanical properties of the different leaf areas; this offers an explanation for the observed selective feeding by insect herbivores.Acknowledgments. We wish to thank S. Neuvonen for critical comments and C. Grapes for checking the language. The work was supported by the Academy of Finland and J. Salo Foundation.     

师范院校的化学专业应开好《环境化学》课程

当前世界的环境日趋恶化,已危及人类的生存,现已引起国际社会的关注。我国应当开展全民族的环保教育,以提高人们的环境意识。     

人甲状腺组织中bFGFs的定位研究

目的：研究bFGFs在人甲状腺及其肿瘤组织中的组织学定位。方法：采用组织化学方法。结果：bFGFs存在于甲状腺滤泡上皮细胞中,同正常甲状腺相比较,甲状腺癌组织中存在大量bFGFs。结论：在甲状腺肿瘤（特别是恶性肿瘤）的发生、展过程中,bFGFs起重要作用。