C4ISR体系结构研究现状与问题

体系结构是组成系统各部件的结构、它们之间的关系以及制约它们设计和随时间演进的原则和指南。C4ISR体系结构已成为国内外军事领域的研究热点以及大型军事信息系统开发的关键技术之一。归纳了C4ISR体系结构研究的重要意义及其主要的研究方向。在介绍了C4ISR系统体系结构定义之后,从三个方面总结了C4ISR体系结构技术的研究进展。最后在分析当前体系结构研究不足的基础上对体系结构的发展趋势进行了总结和展望。     

基于四阶累积量切片的宽带传播算子测向方法

四阶累积量的盲高斯性改善了高斯噪声存在情况下的方位估计算法性能,四阶累积量切片同样具有盲高斯性,结合改进的传播算子法(MPM)不但可以降低算法的运算量,还可以改善算法的性能。首先利用旋转不变方法(RSS)对宽带信号进行聚焦处理,聚焦处理后的矩阵输出再求其四阶累积量切片矩阵,对该矩阵利用改进的传播算子法得到测向结果。论述了四阶累积量切片适用于改进的传播算子法的原理,并通过仿真验证了算法在盲高斯噪声、运算量及测向性能方面的优越性。     

Nax Co2 O4陶瓷的力学弛豫和阻抗弛豫研究

 采用溶胶－凝胶法制备得到了γ-Na_x Co₂ O₄陶瓷,利用动态力学分析仪（DMA）在120～370 K和1～20 Hz的温度、频率范围内测量其内耗－温度谱,首次观测到γ-Na_x Co₂ O₄陶瓷在150 K附近的弛豫内耗峰,激活能为0.39 eV。采用高精度阻抗测量仪 (TH2816) 测量了γ-Na_x Co₂ O₄陶瓷在100～300 K,2 kHz～100 kHz的温度、频率范围内的阻抗－温度谱,观测到室温以下的阻抗弛豫峰,其激活能为0.13 eV,阻抗弛豫峰在外加磁场(1kGs)下向低温方向移动。这些结果表明:γ- Na_x Co₂ O₄陶瓷具有不同的力学和电学弛豫机制。     

H0.8Ni0.4Ti1.6O4/TiO2纳米复合材料的合成及光催化性质

用固相合成法制备出K0.8Ni0.4Ti1.6O4,并用离子交换法制备出H0.8Ni0.4Ti1.6O4;通过C6H13NH2层间膨胀,TiO2粒子的插入和紫外光分解等反应,合成出一种新的层状光催化纳米复合材料H0.8Ni0.4Ti1.6O4/TiO2.X射线衍射和漫反射等表征结果表明:该样品的层间高度为0.37 nm,禁带能隙为3.35 eV和2.58 eV.用可见光范围(大于400 nm)的光照射30 min,0.4 g样品可使甲基橙溶液(20 mg/L)的降解率达到21.9%,而同样条件下,标准TiO2(P-25)仅为6.2%,表明所研制的层状纳米复合材料具有较高的光催化活性.     

加工有机晶体管电极的压力选择性剥离方法

提出一种简单有效的图案化有机场效应晶体管中聚乙撑二氧噻吩和聚磺化苯乙烯(PEDOT:PSS)聚合物电极的方法,运用带有凸纹图案的环氧树脂模板选择性的剥离涂敷在基底的PEDOT:PSS 薄膜形成图形.结果表明,环氧树脂模板与聚合物间的高黏附功可使薄膜易于发生选择性剥离,从而使其快速大面积的图案化.     

Compensatory caspase activation in MPP+-induced cell death in dopaminergic neurons

Many have hypothesized that cell death in Parkinsons disease is via apoptosis and, specifically, by the mitochondrial-mediated apoptotic pathway. We tested this hypothesis using a mouse dopaminergic cell line of mesencephalic origin, MN9D, challenged with the Parkinsonism-causing neurotoxin MPP⁺ (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion). Apoptosis was the main mode of cell death when the cells were subjected to MPP⁺ treatment under serum-free conditions for 24 h. Caspase-3 and caspase-9, however, were not activated, thus indicating the existence of alternate or compensatory cell death pathway(s) in dopaminergic neuronal cells. Using caspase inhibitors, we demonstrated that these pathways involve caspase-2, –8, –6 and –7. A time-course study indicated that activation of caspase-2 and –8 occurred upstream of caspase-6 and caspase-7. Upon MPP⁺ challenge, the apoptosis-inducing factor was translocated from the mitochondria into the MN9D cytosol and nucleus. These results suggest the existence of alternative apoptotic pathways in dopaminergic neurons.Received 20 September 2004; received after revision 5 November 2004; accepted 22 November 2004     

A model of calcium signaling and degranulation dynamics induced by laser irradiation in mast cells

Recent experiments show that calcium signaling and degranulation dynamics induced by low power laser irradiation in mast cells must rely on extracellular Ca^2＋ influx. An analytical expression of Ca^2＋ flux through TRPV4 cation channel in response to interaction of laser photon energy and extracellular Ca^2＋ is deduced, and a model characterizing dynamics of calcium signaling and degranulation activated by laser irradiation in mast cells is established. The model indicates that the characteristics of calcium signaling and degranulation dynamics are determined by interaction between laser photon energy and Ca^2＋ influx. Extracellular Ca^2＋ concentration is so high that even small photon energy can activate mast cells, thus avoiding the possible injury caused by laser irradiation with shorter wavelengths. The model predicts that there exists a narrow parameter domain of photon energy and extracellular Ca^2＋ concentration of which results in cytosolic Ca^2＋ limit cycle oscillations, and shows that PKC activity is in direct proportion to the frequency of Ca^2＋ oscillations. With the model it is found that sustained and stable maximum plateau of cytosolic Ca^2＋ concentration can get optimal degranulation rate. Furthermore, the idea of introducing the realistic physical energy into model is applicable to modeling other physical signal transduction systems.     

微波辐射合成7-羟基-4-甲基香豆素

以浓硫酸为催化剂，采用微波辐射技术，由间苯二酚与乙酰乙酸乙酯缩合制备7－羟基－4－4甲基香豆素。结果表明，微波辐射合成7－羟基－4－4甲基香豆素的最以应条件为：间苯二酚5.5g，乙酰乙酸乙酯6.8ml，浓硫酸1.5ml，微波功率240W，微波辐射时间6min，产率84．1％，不采用微波辐射，反应时间大于10h，产率78％，红外光谱分析表明，7－羟基－4－4甲基香豆素的特征峰与7－羟基－4－甲基香豆素的各官能团的吸收峰吻合，测定7－羟基－4－甲基香豆素的熔点为189－192℃。     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定Mn3O4产品中钙镁含量

用盐酸加热溶解四氧化三锰样品, 加入镧盐和锶盐混合释放剂, 消除70%左右基体锰的干扰, 直接测定其中钙、镁含量, 样品加标回收率为96.8%~ 98.2%,相对标准偏差为2.4%~3.2%.     

城市道路交叉口高峰小时流量的灰色预测

利用原有的交叉口高峰小时流量的统计数据,吸收灰色理论中的累加生成及等维灰数递补的方法,采用灰色预测中GM(1,1)模型代替原有的增长系数法,使交叉口高峰小时流量的预测值具有较高的可信度。