江西省官山自然保护区大型真菌名录

江西官山自然保护区大型真菌资源丰富,在保护区内共采集标本300号,鉴定出132种,隶属于2个亚门,11个目,34个科,132个种。15种为江西省大型真菌新记录种。     

A troublesome sibling species complex of scuttle flies (Diptera: Phoridae) revisited

The complex of species resembling Megaselia pulicaria (Fallén) has proved to be one of the most troublesome challenges to attempts to resolve the recognition of species within the huge genus Megaselia Rondani. The new data presented allow more confident recognition of species and reveal that most published records represent misidentifications. The penis complex is discussed and its use in species identification demonstrated. All specimens currently assigned to M. pulicaria, other than the lectotype, are consequently reassigned to other species. These include the reinstatement of M. angusta (Wood) and its newly designated subspecies M. angusta angustina Schmitz, M. eupygis Schmitz, M. longifurca (Lundbeck) and M. monochaeta (Strobl) as valid species, and the recognition of M. buchsi sp. nov. from Germany, M. iberiensis sp. nov. from Spain, M. martensi sp. nov. from Nepal, M. nectergata sp. nov. from Britain, M. oviaraneae sp. nov. from Britain, and M. rotundapicis sp. nov. from Scotland. Five synonyms are proposed. The hitherto unknown male of M. petraea Schmitz is described. It and M. longifurca are reported from Britain and the latter from the Nearctic Region also. Natural history information is summarized for each species. In particular, it is reported that the species whose larvae prey upon spider eggs are M. angusta, M. longifurca and M. oviaraneae.     

A revision of Heterosignum (Asellota,Isopoda, Paramunnidae) with descriptions of three new species

Three new species of Heterosignum are described from Japan. Heterosignum elegans sp. nov. differs from its congeners in having stout preorbital lobes on the head, very long lateral spine-like processes and eyestalks, and very long article 2 of male pleopod 2. Heterosignum ohtsukai sp. nov. is distinctive in having a marked stout mid-dorsal spine on the head, long mid-dorsal spines on the pereonites, and article 2 of antenna 1 with a distolateral protrusion. Heterosignum otsuchiensis sp. nov. has single lateral spine-like processes on pereonites 1-7 as in H. ohtsukai, but is distinguished from it in having short mid-dorsal spines on pereonites 1-7 and long basis of pereopod 1. Heterosignum mutsuensis Gamô, 1976 is redescribed using newly collected specimens. Coulmannia unicornis Kensley, 1976 is assigned to Heterosignum after careful examination of the types. The diagnosis of Heterosignum is emended to include all the five species so far recorded.     

New species of Leucocytozoon from the avian families Otidae,Podargidae and Threskiornithidae

Leucocytozoon otidis n. sp., Leucocytozoon podargii n. sp. and Leucocytozoon ibisi n. sp. are described from bustards, tawny frogmouth and ibis, respectively. Relevant differentiating morphological characteristics are presented and endogenous stages are also described for L. podargii.     

A new genus of Dicrocoeliidae (Digenea) from the lizard Gallotia atlantica (Sauria: Lacertidae) from the Canary Islands (Spain)

A helminthological investigation was carried out on the lacertid lizard, Gallotia atlantica (Peters and Doria, 1882) (Reptilia: Lacertidae) from Lanzarote, Canary Islands (Spain). One hundred and three digenean trematodes were found in the small intestine. Based on morphological and morphometric analysis of 35 specimens, it is concluded to be a new species which is here named Pseudoparadistomum yaizaensis gen. et sp. nov. referring to the locality where the hosts were caught. Pseudoparadistomum n.g. most closely resembles members of Paradistomum and Paradistomoidella, but is characterized by a V-shaped excretory vesicle, a spined tegument, and the position of the ovary relative to the testes.     

Intergradation of Tatochila autodice and T. blanchardii (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) in north-western Patagonia

Tatochila autodice and T. blanchardii, common native ‘cabbage butterflies’ whose combined range covers most of the southern half of South America, intergrade in the only region where they are known to be in contact—north-western Argentine Patagonia. The zone of intergradation is centred east of the Hua Hum and nearby low passes, with decreasing influence of the Chilean blanchardii both northwards and southwards. Larvae and pupae from the zone display some phenotypic traits never observed elsewhere. The zone is largely concordant with one in which three members of the Tatochila sterodice species-group are also hybridizing.     

判别分析在土壤资源质量评价中的应用——以怀远县为例

本文试用判别分析法,利用计算机对怀远县土壤资源进行评价。选用12个典型土种,9个变量(即评价项目),并进行数字化。经多变量判别分析后,8个变量被入选而有效。然后选取最佳参数建立判别模式,对未知归属的土种进行判别归类,对典型土种的等级进行验证或适当调整。判别结果与经验评价分类完全一致。     

红松阔叶林择伐后早春植物物种及多样性变化研究

调查发现，红松阔叶林经择伐后，与对照林分相比，不仅早春优势植物种类及其在群落中的地位有一定的改变，物种种类组成也发生了较大的变化．从物种多样性指数上看，除优势度指标经择伐林分升高外，种数、丰富度指数、Shannon—Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数都稍低于对照林分．     

紫茎泽兰的危害现状及其防治措施

紫茎泽兰是一种有毒的,侵占性很强的检疫性杂草。侵占林地、荒地、山地、草场。危害农、林、牧业。其防治方法有人工防除,生物防治和化学药剂防治等。多年实践表明,上述防治方法在我国有一定的作用。但尚未形成一套真正有效的防治方法。     

The impact of biofuel plantation on biodiversity: a review

Because plants convert solar energy into chemical energy stored in organisms, biomass production as an energy source can help to reduce the world＇s reliance on fossil energy and mitigate global warming. Biofuel production is a fast-growing industry that represents a new type of large-scale human disturbance on ecosystems. Thus, the benefits of biofuel production bring environmental risks that include its potential impact on biodiversity, which is still an open question. In this review, we start first with a brief overview of the evolution of biofuel concept; second, we review the state of biofuel production across the continents, with a major emphasis on the main species used and their major feedstock. For which, we found significant differences for land use and environmental cultural management of biofuel plantation between tropical and temperate regions. Third, we summarize the impacts of biofuel plantation on biodiversity at multiple scales, based on the case studied with respect to the corresponding issues. At the genetic level, introgression and contamination by aggressive genotypes are a primary risk. At the species level, habitat pollution, degradation, and disturbance caused by intensive management of biofuel plantation significantly raise the risk of habitat fragmentation, native extinction, and bio-invasion. At the ecosystem level, the large-scale homogeneous landscape of biofuel plantation results in simplified community and food web that severely damage ecosystem services, including ecosystem diversity. Finally, we compare the current and potential benefits and risks of biofuel plantations for the practical application of a biofuel industry of China. We emphasize the land use constraint from food security and biodiversity conservation, and the need for scientific research and systematic monitoring as a critical support for the sustainable development of biofuel production in China.