The rationale behind Pierre Duhem's natural classification

The central concern of this paper is the interpretation of Duhem's attitude towards physical theory. Based on his view that the classification of experimental laws yielded by theory progressively approaches a natural classification—a classification reflecting that of underlying realities—Duhem has been construed as a realist of sorts in recent literature. Here I argue that his positive attitude towards the theoretic classification of laws had rather to do with the pragmatic rationality of the physicist. Duhem's idea of natural classification was an intuitive idea in the mind of the physicist that had to be affirmed in order to justify the physicist's pursuit of theory.     

Empirical progress and nomic truth approximation revisited

In my From Instrumentalism to Constructive Realism (2000) I have shown how an instrumentalist account of empirical progress can be related to nomic truth approximation. However, it was assumed that a strong notion of nomic theories was needed for that analysis. In this paper it is shown, in terms of truth and falsity content, that the analysis already applies when, in line with scientific common sense, nomic theories are merely assumed to exclude certain conceptual possibilities as nomic possibilities.     

科学真理

一方面科学理论被普遍地认为是真理的典范;另一方面科学史告诉我们,无论多么成功的理论都逃脱不了最终被推翻的命运。这种"悲观的元归纳"表明,就其本性而论科学理论并非为一般人们所认为的那种符合论真理。关于科学理论本性的争论一直在进行中。本文在深入分析、谨慎运用相关专业资料的基础上,对"科学理论是否为真理",以及"如果是真理,它是一种什么意义上的真理"等问题进行了尽可能系统而清晰细致的讨论和论证。     

论宋琬诗歌的纪实精神

清初"国朝六家"之一的宋琬,很多作品被认为是清初"盛世之音"的代表,但部分作品中体现出较强的纪实精神.宋琬的纪实诗对我们了解清初社会现实,及清初文化政策下,以其为代表的一批仕清文人的生存状况都有很大意义.     

从十一届全国美展看中国油画的现实主义情结

现实主义作为中国油画百年来发展的主线,在彰显时代精神的同时,体现真善美相统一的审美取向,在我们提倡构建和谐社会、以人为本的今天,现实主义在继承中国传统文化精神,关注社会、关注民生,力图站在人性的高度,以其特有的艺术魅力和生命力,在中国百花齐放的艺坛上健康发展。     

作出世想 作入世观——评胡立东的散文集《窗外的山岗》

胡立东的散文,把生命体验和情感向度融合得恰到好处,在浩瀚的灵光中折射出哲学的韵味,在行而上的层面给人以灵魂的洗礼和精神的回归,显现出作者强烈的生命意识、民族意识和审美意识。     

重释池莉《烦恼人生》的精神意蕴

通过对池莉文学创作历程的追踪,发现《烦恼人生》作为池莉新写实主义的代表作,蕴含着改革初期"革命新人"的无意识精神状态,而这点与被压抑的早期革命理想密切相关。正是这种张力性存在凸显了其文学内涵,这全面刷新了我们对于原生态新写实主义文学的平面性误解。     

Realism,functions, and the a priori: Ernst Cassirer's philosophy of science

This paper presents the main ideas of Cassirer's general philosophy of science, focusing on the two aspects of his thought that—in addition to being the most central ideas in his philosophy of science—have received the most attention from contemporary philosophers of science: his theory of the a priori aspects of physical theory, and his relation to scientific realism.