毫米波辐射计测量吸收材料反射系数的方法研究

本文介绍了毫米波吸收材料功率反射系数ρ的一种新测量法——辐射计测量法.通过测量吸收材料的辐射温度,计算得出吸收材料的辐射系数ε,从而得出功率反射系数ρ=1—ε.最后分析了这种测量法的误差.     

空空导弹导引头角预定精度研究

空空导弹导引头角预定是重要的导弹发射控制参数.其精确的计算,是导引头可靠截获跟踪目标的重要保证.本文基于前置追踪攻击原理,给出了空空导弹导引头角预定的计算模型,建立了机载雷达误差对导引头角预定精度影响的误差分析仿真结构,计算了不同攻击距离下的导引头预定角及其圆概率误差,并对计算结果进行了讨论.     

基于时间的通信导航兼备系统定位误差分析

通信导航兼备系统已成为未来通信导航系统发展方向 ,由美国发展起来的联合战术信息分发系统(JTIDS)是典型代表。研究了通信和导航发展的历程及互相结合的途径 ,分析了JTIDS的工作方式和信号特征 ,讨论了JTIDS通信和导航能力 ;运用导航定位误差分析理论着重对JTIDS的相对导航原理及定位误差进行了深入分析 ,首次给出了该系统的定位误差场分布图和系统工作区。研究和分析结果可为建设和发展通信导航兼备系统提供重要参考     

The real exchange rate,fiscal policy and the role of wealth an analysis of equilibrium in a monetary union

This paper is concerned with the adjustment processes within a potential European monetary union and looks in particular at permanent asymmetric shocks that require an adjustment in a country's (or region's) real exchange rate. We first consider some of the implications of EMU and the question of asymmetries within the European economy. The presence of asymmetries and, in particular, different institutional structures in labour markets is a potential source of tension within a union and it could make a union difficult to sustain. However, automatic adjustment processes will be at work within a monetary union as a result of changes in relative price levels, which change real exchange rates, and also as a result of changes in wealth stocks. We use our econometric world model, NIGEM, to investigate the effects of asymmetric fiscal expansions and real exchange rate misalignments within a monetary union. In order to quantify the effects of such permanent asymmetric shocks we have introduced wealth into our model. Our simulations suggest that the principal impact of the fiscal expansion on both output and the price level will occur within the country in which the expansion occurs. Short-term gains are crowded out in the medium term, and while monetary union reduces crowding out in the short term, it increases the rate at which crowding out occurs thereafter. We also analyse the effects of real exchange rate misalignments and find that the processes of adjustment may be very protracted. This could cause strain on the union as adjustment costs are shared unequally.     

一类非线性双曲型方程半离散近似解的L_2和L_∞估计

本文在较弱的条件下,讨论了一类非线性双曲型方程的半离散Galerkin近似解的L_2和L_∞估计,这些估计是最佳的。     

Forecast comparisons of four models of U.S. interest rates

In this paper we compare the out of sample forecasts from four alternative interest rate models based on expanding information sets. The random walk model is the most restrictive. The univariate time series model allows for a richer dynamic pattern and more conditioning information on own rates. The multivariate time series model permits a flexible dynamic pattern with own- and cross-series information. Finally, the forecasts from the MPS econometric model depend on the full model structure and information set. In theory, more information is preferred to less. In practice, complicated misspecified models can perform much worse than simple (also probably misspecified) models. For forecasts evaluated over the volatile 1970s the multivariate time series model forecasts are considerably better than those from simpler models which use less conditioning information, as well as forecasts from the MPS model which uses substantially more conditioning information but also imposes ‘structural’ economic restrictions.     

水溶性壳聚糖的热分解动力学研究

利用多重扫描速率法研究了商品水溶性壳聚糖(盐酸盐)的热分解反应动力学.主分解过程可以分为两个阶段,首先是高分子盐的分解,其次是高分子链的解聚合,两个阶段的反应活化能E和指前因子lnA值分别为173.99±2.63,128.97±1.87 kJ·mol-1和35.28±0.62,24.69±0.44 min-1.利用Achar微分法判定该物质两个阶段的热分解最概然机理函数相同,为f(α)＝ 1-α,该模型属于每个颗粒上只有一个核心的随机成核和随后生长机理.     

动水条件下泥沙絮凝体粒径变化分析实验研究

絮凝体广泛存在于自然界水体中,而在河口海岸动水环境下的黏性细颗粒泥沙的絮凝变化过程是一个重要且有待完善的研究课题。利用长江口北槽现场悬沙样本开展了系统的室内絮凝实验。采用粒径分布与有效粒径两种分析方法,研究了在水流紊动、盐度和悬沙浓度等不同絮凝因子条件作用下对长江口北槽泥沙絮凝体粒径变化的影响。实验结果表明:紊动剪切率对絮凝体粒径作用为先促进后减小,临界值出现在23. 09 s~(-1),此时最大有效粒径为50. 26μm;而悬沙浓度会抑制絮凝体生长;同时长江口北槽悬沙的絮凝饱和盐度要大于高岭土,约为14. 4 ppt。     

球直坐标转换误差分析及对卡尔曼滤波的制约

将观测器 (如雷达 )在球坐标系的测量值转换到三维直角坐标系后 ,其误差分布规律将发生变化。通过分析 ,证明了理论模型不能直接应用于卡尔曼滤波 ,得到了适用于卡尔曼滤波的直角坐标系的工作模型 ,并对转换后的误差的理论模型和工程模型进行数值比较 ,两者的数字特征非常接近。     

汇率与公司利润

汇率的一个重要职能就是价格转换功能,它是形成各种相对价格的基础。汇率变化会通过相对价格的变化而对一个国家的贸易收支状况和公司的价值,利润及其它的财务指标产生较大的影响。本文将探讨汇率变化对进出口企业利润产生的影响。在假定生产厂商追求利润最大化目标的前提下,作者得出了如下的结果：１）对于纯出口型企业,公司利润对汇率的弹性为国外对公司出口产品的需求弹性;２）对于纯进口型企业,公司利润对汇率的弹性为公司进口产品的需求弹性;３）对于进出口型企业,公司利润对汇率的弹性为０,即汇率变化对该类公司利润不产生影响。最后,作者提供了测算进,出口企业利润对汇率弹性的一般方法。