求解非线性方程组的信赖域方法

用信赖域方法求解非线性方程组问题,计算中仅使用目标函数及其一阶导数信息,通过BFGS校正方法构造Hessian阵的近似,最后给出了相应的数值结果。     

Scrutinizing thing knowledge

In his book Thing Knowledge Davis Baird argues that our accustomed understanding of knowledge as justified true beliefs is not enough to understand progress in science and technology. To be more accurate he argues that scientific instruments are to be seen as a form of “objective knowledge” in the sense of Karl Popper.I want to examine if this idea is plausible. In a first step I want to show that this proposal implies that nearly all man-made artifacts are materialized objective knowledge. I argue that this radical change in our concept of knowledge demands strong reasons and that Baird does not give them. I take a look at the strongest strand of arguments of Baird's book—the arguments from cognitive autonomy—and conclude that they do not suffice to make Baird's view of scientific instruments tenable.     

论仪器的地位——伊德的现象学研究

伊德对仪器技术的深入研究是他整个技术现象学和科学现象学研究的核心与关节点。伊德认为,在科学研究中,仪器具有存在论上的优先地位,仪器极大地扩展了人类的认知能力,敞开了人类的认识范围,对于科学理论的社会接受和科学家进行科学研究的心态都有重要作用。     

Collaboration,interdisciplinarity, and the epistemology of contemporary science

Over the last decades, science has grown increasingly collaborative and interdisciplinary and has come to depart in important ways from the classical analyses of the development of science that were developed by historically inclined philosophers of science half a century ago. In this paper, I shall provide a new account of the structure and development of contemporary science based on analyses of, first, cognitive resources and their relations to domains, and second of the distribution of cognitive resources among collaborators and the epistemic dependence that this distribution implies. On this background I shall describe different ideal types of research activities and analyze how they differ. Finally, analyzing values that drive science towards different kinds of research activities, I shall sketch the main mechanisms underlying the perceived tension between disciplines and interdisciplinarity and argue for a redefinition of accountability and quality control for interdisciplinary and collaborative science.     

Knowledge reconstruction and justification for regional vitalization

This paper considers the regional vitalization problem and discusses the methodology to create regional vitalization plans, which include activating the local economy, enriching people＇s lives, and activating the feelings of people, by new initiatives. Activily underlying the methodology is the experience of implementing several actual projects with the local residents, and theory underlying the methodology is the knowledge construction and justification theory based on knowledge management and systems thinking. Introducing an actual vitalization project as an illustrative example, the paper proposes a knowledge reconstruction and justification procedure for regional vitalization.     

Relativism in Feyerabend's later writings

This paper reconstructs, and distinguishes between, Feyerabend's different forms of relativism in his later writings. Science in a Free Society remains close to familiar forms of relativism, while, at the same time, developing an original but under-argued form of political relativism, and rejecting “conversion” models of cultural exchange. Farewell to Reason moves away from common renderings of relativism, and develops a range of different new forms. Central here are links between relativism, skepticism and infallibilism. In the last six years of his life, Feyerabend often criticizes a peculiar radical form of relativism that arguably no-one has ever proposed or defended. In the same context, Feyerabend sketches an “ontological” form of relativism. It combines “Kantian humility”, metaphysical pluralism and constructivism.     

Between relativism and pluralism: Philosophical and political relativism in Feyerabend's late work

Relativism is one of the most problematic terms associated with philosophical discourse, with Feyerabend considered among the most important twentieth century theorists subscribing to it. This paper provides a detailed overview of relativist positions advanced in Feyerabend's mid-to-late work and investigates the associated epistemic and political applications. Emphasis is placed on how Feyerabend supported certain aspects of relativism, and at what stage he rejected others. It is noted that Feyerabend had already imposed limitations on relativism in Farewell to Reason, in which he entertained the possibility of epistemic definition within stable contexts, and advanced the notion that opportunities and equality associated with political and cultural units could only be valid within a democratic system. In Conquest of Abundance, political relativism is largely discarded, while epistemological relativism is increasingly treated as an appeal for diversity in all areas.In this re-reading of his work, it becomes clear that Feyerabend was already advocating a moderate form of epistemic and political relativism in the middle of his career, which he subsequently developed in the direction of “ontological pluralism” in his later work. This paper thus shows that Feyerabend's relativism should not be completely rejected, but rather that it continues to offer interesting food for thought.     

论早期胡塞尔的算术哲学

胡塞尔在其学术生涯初期从事的是算术哲学的研究。这项研究有两个基本任务,一是对算术的基本概念数进行描述心理学的分析,另一是对算术符号和运算进行逻辑澄清。在解决这两个任务过程中,他遇到了一个难题,即如何澄清虚数和一般算术的合法性,这个问题又迫使他思考形式之物的地位以及与心理之物的关系问题,并最终使他转向了对逻辑学以及现象学的研究。     

Hybrid ant colony optimization for the resource-constrained project scheduling problem

To solve the resource-constrained project scheduling problem (RCPSP), a hybrid ant colony optimization (HACO) approach is presented. To improve the quality of the schedules, the HACO is incorporated with an extended double justification in which the activity splitting is applied to predict whether the schedule could be improved. The HACO is tested on the set of large benchmark problems from the project scheduling problem library (PSPLIB). The computational result shows that the proposed algorithm can improv...     

不同姿态下基于多特征融合的疲劳状态检测方法

针对传统的基于单一特征的疲劳检测方法误检率高、可靠性不强、无法适应复杂多变的行车环境等问题,提出了一种将驾驶员的眼睛、嘴巴等多种面部特征进行融合的疲劳驾驶检测方法。与现有的人脸检测模型相比,这里提出的基于梯度提高的学习框架对于侧脸的检测效果更佳,并且能够更好地满足检测时间上的要求;同时通过改进的LeNet-5神经网络模型对视频中的笑容进行分类,排除了表情变化对疲劳驾驶检测的干扰;最后为了降低头部姿态的偏转对疲劳特征提取的影响,引入了基于欧拉角的特征校正算法;对YawDD疲劳驾驶数据集的检测结果表明:不同姿态下基于多特征融合的疲劳驾驶检测不仅能够有效降低头部偏转对疲劳驾驶检测的影响,而且比传统的疲劳检测方法具备更高的鲁棒性。