超声波协助提取枸杞中微量元素

宁夏枸杞经灰化、泡制、超声波不同方法处理后,再采用火焰原子吸收分光光度法(FAAS)测定各提取清液微量元素的含量,并比较几种方法测定效果.结果显示:宁夏枸杞中不仅含有丰富的钙,且富含人体所需的的微量元素铁和锌.泡制枸杞提取微量元素,时间在30 min,温度在80℃左右达到最佳元素提取量.其中钙提取量大大超过超声法和灰化法,铁和锌提取量远低于超声法和灰化法.超声协助提取枸杞中微量元素相对泡制法,可降低温度,缩短时间.除钙外,微量元素的最大提取量超过了泡制法接近灰化法.但超声时间不宜超过20 min.枸杞微量元素提取时加入适量乙酸可提高微量元素提取量.     

Values of endoscopic ultrasonography for diagnosis and treatment of duodenal protruding lesions

Objective： The diagnoses of patients with duodenal protruding lesions are difficult when using conventional examinations such as computed tomography （CT） and conventional endoscope etc. Thus, we investigated the clinical value of endoscopic ultrasonography （PUS） with miniature ultrasonic probes on the diagnosis and treatment of duodenal protruding lesions. Methods： Patients with duodenal protruding lesions who were indicated for PUS were examined by PUS with 12-15 MHz miniature ultrasonic probes and double-cavity electronic endoscope. According to diagnosis of PUS, those patients were indicated for biopsy and treatment received biopsy, endoscopic resection or surgical excision. The postoperative histological results were compared with the preoperative diagnosis of PUS. Those patients without endoscopic resection or surgical excision were periodically followed up with PUS. Results： A total of 169 patients with duodenal protruding lesions were examined by PUS, of which 40 were diagnosed with cysts, 36 with inflammatory protruding or polyp, 25 with Brunner＇s gland adenoma, 19 with ectopic pancreas, 17 with gastrointestinal stromal tumor, 12 with extrinsic compression, 12 with minor papilla, 6 with lipoma, 1 with adenocarcinoma and 1 with lymphoma. After PUS examinations, 75 patients received biopsy, endoscopic resection or surgical excision respectively. The postoperative histological results of 70 patients were completely consistent with the preoperative diagnosis of PUS, with 93.33% diagnostic accuracy. The results of follow-up with PUS indicated that duodenal cyst, Brunner＇s gland adenoma, ectopic pancreas, gastrointestinal stromal tumor and lipoma remained unchanged within 1-3 years. No related complications occurred among all patients that received PUS examinations. Conclusion： PUS is an effective and reliable diagnostic method for duodenal protruding lesions.     

蝙蝠——在磁力线上飞翔的精灵

这是闷热夏日里一个普通的傍晚,随着太阳徐徐西坠,夜色缓缓降临。突然,一道黑影划破了夜的寂静,一只一秒钟前还得意洋洋的肥大蚊子变成了     

普通混凝土的非破损检测方法

本文将结构混凝土强度、质量无损检测方法按照其原理进行了分类,并介绍了几种常用检测方法。通过讨论这几种检测方法的原理及优缺点,得出了各种方法的不同适用范围,以便在实际工程得到更好的应用。     

某厂房基础浅裂缝超声检测与分析

文章结合某厂房基础裂缝检测实例,探讨平测法检测混凝土裂缝时容易存在的问题以及较大体积混凝土基础可能产生裂缝的原因,最后提出裂缝加固建议。     

超声波探伤中裂纹的定性分析

在常规超声波探伤中,对检测缺陷进行定性分析存在一定难度。比如,焊缝探伤中未焊透、根部内凹、根部错边等情况不易确定,目前国外的相关标准也都没有提及缺陷的定性分析。     

小径管超声波探伤工艺的制定

小径管超声波探伤工艺的制定需要注意很多问题,探头的测定工艺要以观察区的测定为主,并重视对探头的固定,鼓励接触式探伤工艺在实际工作中的实行,保证超声波探伤装置的质量优势和工艺优势。本文分析了超声波探伤工艺在制定过程中需要依循的特征,并对超声波工艺的制定进行了相应的实践探索和分析,提出了执行过程中产生的问题及其解决方法,供超声探伤人员参考。     

基于ATMEGA128的超声波倒车雷达的设计

本文针对车辆碰撞追尾事故,给出了汽车倒车雷达系统的软、硬件以及实时超声测距的原理与实现过程。该系统以AT-MEGA128作为核心处理器,实现了汽车倒车雷达系统的超声波测距。     

根类中草药净洗引进超声波清洗技术的探讨

根类中草药表面及支根间夹杂有泥土等需要清洗的污物,在储藏、运输、加工成饮片或有效成分提取之前都要经过净洗,不仅耗工费时,而且消耗大量的水,更有甚者使用化学洗涤剂;超声波清洗技术因其不受清洗件表面复杂形状的限制,清洗时间快、效果好和无污染等特点,而被广泛应用于表面结构复杂、清洁度要求高的器件清洗。将超声波清洗技术引入根类中草药的净洗,选择适宜的频率、功率、掌握恰当的时间,在不使用任何化学洗涤用品的情况下,有望实现用水少、净洗快,抑虫卵、防虫蛀和排除污染的目的。