表面活性剂及大分子作为纳米粒子制备模板的研究新进展

分析了表面活性剂、大分子以及表面活性剂-大分子复合体系在纳米粒子制备中的应用.研究表明,表面活性剂形成的胶束结构、大分子或表面活性剂和大分子形成的有序体均可以作为软模板,在制备纳米粒子中发挥模板作用和稳定保护作用.     

一种改进的阈值分割算法在复合材料图像处理中的应用

针对纤维增强复合材料微观结构图像的特点,提出了一种改进的基于模糊思想的阈值分割算法,该算法利用整体阈值、局部阈值和像点梯度信息之间的关系,构造了一个双输入单输出的模糊逻辑系统,合理计算出像点的最佳分割阈值.实验结果证明了算法的有效性.     

纳米晶LaFeO3 薄膜的制备与不同气氛处理后的光电子能谱

利用sol\|gel工艺, 在硅衬底上制备了纳米晶LaFeO₃薄膜. 测试了在乙醇蒸气和NO₂气氛下处理后的光电子能谱(XPS), 结果表明, 纳米晶LaFeO₃ 薄膜吸附乙醇后, 表面吸附氧含量明显降低, 铁含量略有下降; 吸附氧化性气体NO₂后, 表面吸附氧和铁含量明显增高, 且存在三价铁离子向四价铁离子转化的趋势. 通过测试和分析表明, LaFeO₃ 的敏感机理不仅与表面吸附氧相关, 还与表面三价铁离子的变价有关.     

Effects of Some Additives on the Adhesion of Polyacrylamide Sizes to Fibers

IntroductionPolyacrylamide ( PAM) size is one of the sizeingredients that are commonly used in conventionalfor mulations for warp sizing and paper making .It has theproperties of adhering to fibers and can be capable ofholding fiber together by surface attachment . Comparedwith starches and polyvinyl alcohols , PAM possesses suchcapability as excellent adhesion to cellulose fibers . Thiscapability ,however ,is not due to chemical valence ;but isdeveloped only through hydrogen bonds and Van …     

Research on Flax Fiber Reinforced Polylactide Environmental Friendly Composite

Biodegradable polylactide acid （PLA） resin can be combined with flax fibers to produce biodegradable composite materials. In our study, commercial PLA fibers were mixed with flax fibers by a non-woven method so as to make non- woven pre-forms, which can be generated into flax fiber reinforced PLA environmental friendly composites by heat pressing technology. The tensile, flexural and impact properties are tested in order to evaluate the basic physical properties of the composites, and the influenced factors listed as making technology of the pre-forms, weight ratio of flax fibers and heat pressing technology are discussed and optimized, which can be described as weight ratio of flax fibers and PLA fibers is 50/50, heating temperature, time and pressure are respectively 195℃, 20 rain and 12.5 Mpa. Preliminary results show that mechanical properties of the flax/PLA composites are quite promising compared with flax/PP composites in coclrnon commercial automotive use. Scanning electron microscope （SEM） is used to analyze the tensile specimen fracture surfaces, which shows voids and gaps occurring between flax fibers and PLA matrix and sign of fiber pull.out, the strength of flax/PLA interface can be further improved.     

Liquid Flow in Shaped Fiber Bundle

By computation and comparison of the critical spreading coefficient parameter, it was found that shaped fiber bundle is better for wetting. Liquid-air interface tension of liquid arising the shaped fiber bundle body is considered as one critical factor besides liquid viscosity, inertia force and liquid-fiber interface tension. Experimental result simulation demonstrated that the liquid-air interface tension is correlated with the geometric size of the liquid arising in body, Φ0 （x） and which is affected by the cross sectional shape of fiber and the radius of single fiber. The shaped fiber bundle model is/ntroduced to/nvestigate liquid flow in fiber assembly. The model is generated based on a random function for stochastic forming of fibers in bundle and it is necessary to combine this fundamental model with physical explanation for investigation of liquid flow in fiber assembly.     

电解液pH值对电沉积纳米晶Cu的影响

通过直流电沉积纳米晶铜实验,研究电解液pH值对电沉积速率和沉积层微观结构的影响。结果表明,电沉积速率随着电解液pH值的升高而下降。pH值为8.0时,沉积铜层具有明显的(111)方向织构,晶粒尺寸大于100 nm。随着pH值的升高,沉积铜层(200)晶面的择优取向程度不断上升,晶粒尺寸逐渐减小。pH值为9.0时,铜晶粒平均尺寸为44.2 nm。实验发现,电解液pH值的最佳范围为8.8~9.0。     

微波干燥制备纳米TiO2的光催化降解活性研究

采用钛酸丁酯的溶胶-凝胶法及微波干燥制备了纳米TiO2光催化剂。通过XRD和BET进行了晶型、平均粒径和比表面积分析表征。以水杨酸为模拟污染物对其进行光催化降解活性实验研究表明，UV光照40min水杨酸降解率达到97％，催化剂重复使用4次水杨酸降解率仍能达到94％。     

医用纺织品的实际应用

介绍了医用纺织品的分类、医用纺织品所使用的新材料及其性能,并指出其替代旧材料的优越性。     

SiO2掺杂对高温处理后纳米TiO2光催化性能的影响

以钛酸丁酯为原料,用醇盐水解法制备纳米TiO2,用SiO2掺杂纳米TiO2.并对高温处理后的掺杂纳米TiO2光催化活性进行研究。XRD和TEM研究结果表明,SiO2掺杂能有效的提高晶相转变温度,阻止TiO2从锐钛矿型向金红石型的转变和晶粒的长大。实验结果表明,在1050℃高温处理后,SiO2掺杂后的TiO2仍为锐钛矿型纳米晶体。用掺杂纳米TiO2对甲基橙的降解率来表征其光降解性能,SiO2掺杂TiO2在高温处理后依然具有较好的光催化活性,850℃处理后其甲基橙降解率由未掺SiO2时的11%提高到96.48%,晶粒尺寸则由50nm减小到20 nm.