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11.
人类历史依照使用工具的演替划分为旧石器时代、新石器时代、青铜器时代、铁器时代等；而地球演化史的纪年则是根据动物的出现及其发展演进的阶段性来划定的。地球上的动物化石开始明显大量出现以后的时代称为显动宙或显生宙，此前动物化石稀少或隐而不现的时代统称为隐动宙或隐生宙。46亿年的地球历史中有7／8属于隐生宙。 相似文献
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钟乳石铀系年龄与洞穴遗址年代测定 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
沈冠军 《贵州大学学报(自然科学版)》1991,(2)
中、晚更新世洞穴古人类遗址中,多有与遗物有明确层位关系的钙板或其它形式的钟乳石类碳酸岩,是测定铀系年龄的理想材料。本文在简单介绍钟乳石铀系年龄原理后,着重讨论了其可信度。铀系年代计算需引入二个主要假设:“零点假设”及封闭体系假设,还有若干同位素和地层学的标准,可用来判断数据是否异常而应被舍去。已有实验证据表明,对纯净致密、结晶良好的钟乳石样来说,上述基本假设可以成立,也尚未发现与地层顺序相矛盾及同位素比异常的例子,这表明了钟乳石铀系年龄的良好可信度。文中给出了法国Arago、希腊Petralona、周口店第一地点、贵州黔西观音洞等重要古人类遗址的应用实例,并讨论了其存在问题及发展前景。 相似文献
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The Donggutuo site, situated in the east margin of Nihewan basin, is one of the most important Paleolithic sites in China, characterized by the longest excavation seasons and the most abundant cultural remains recovered in the region. Based on well-constructed sporopollen, sediment grain size analysis, magnetic susceptibility, and iron oxide analysis of the 2000--2001 excavated section, four stages of environmental change in the Nihewan Beds are identified by the authors. The results indicate four major stages of environment and climate change from 1） warm and humid forest grass to 2） temperate and humid forest grass to 3） temperate and dry forest grass to 4） warm and humid forest, which is suitable for hominid occupation. The changes correspond to the stages of lake transgression and regression. The environment after the lake died out away has been cold and dry boschveld. The hominid activities at the site took place in the Early Pleistocene （1.10 Ma）, which corresponds to the early three environmental stages. Therefore, it can be inferred that the early hominids adapted to the relatively low lake level episodes through activities involving sporadic stone tool making, procuring of raw materials for tools, concentrating stone artifacts, and hunting and butchering. In conclusion, the results will be of great significance to research regarding the relationship between hominid occupation and environmental changes as well as the adaptive behaviors of early humans at the Donggutuo site. 相似文献
14.
BOЁDA Eric 《科学通报(英文版)》2009,54(21):3864-3871
Exploring and interpreting the mode of cognition and behavioral patterns of prehistoric hunter-gatherers is always one of the main goals of current Paleolithic research. In the 1940s, French prehistorians proposed the technological method for studying lithic assemblages which opened a brand-new perspective on the prehistoric domain. In the 1960s, French ethnographer and anthropologist Andre Leroi-Gourhan proposed the concept ＂chaine operatoire＂ and established the theory of lithic technological study. After the 1980s, the concept ＂chaine operatoire＂ was substituted for two different but complementary concepts： techno-cognition and techno-economy, which contributed not only to revealing the technical knowledge and know-how applied during lithic production but also to interpreting the technical behavior of prehistoric hunter-gatherers from social and economic viewpoints. The lithic technological study of the Guanyindong site, presented in this paper, was carried out for the first time by applying lithic technological method developed by French prehistorians to the Chinese materials. Our analytical results demonstrated that the debitage system of Guanyindong is quite distinct from the concept Levallois largely used in Europe, Near-East and Africa. The differentiation between these two debitage modes may contribute to exploring and interpreting the relationship in Middle Paleolithic between China and Europe, Near-East and Africa. 相似文献
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泰安宁阳虎城遗址采集石制品加工技术简单、实用,符合华北地区小石器技术传统,这些发现证明宁阳县至少存在两个旧石器文化阶段,既扩大了宁阳县旧石器时代遗存的分布范围,也丰富了山东省细石器遗存的文化内涵,此发现揭示了我国旧石器文化的传承与连续,一定意义上也表明东亚地区人类的演化链条似乎从未中断。 相似文献
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创造力是人类诞生以来最古老、最骄傲的特征之一。从旧石器时代开始,人类便充当起世界改造者的角色。但是,动物们呢——它们有创造力吗？它们有自己的文化吗？为什么动物要努力地改变其身处的环境？科学家发现了这种创造力的根源。 相似文献
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河南灵井许昌人遗址2005~2006年发掘出土了上万件动物化石与古人类文化遗物.埋藏学分析表明了古人类在这一动物群聚集、改造过程中的主导性地位.基于动物属种分布及丰度、死亡年龄模式、骨骼表面改造痕迹与骨骼单元分布等动物群特点,并结合生态环境等方面的证据,灵井许昌人遗址被解释为旧石器时代中期的一处狩猎-屠宰遗址而非古人类的居址或中心营地.这一遗址中数量较多的人工石制品的出现,可能反映了古人类在生存策略和行为活动方面的计划性和前瞻性.灵井许昌人遗址是迄今为止中国北方旧石器时代中期唯一一处经过系统埋藏学分析确认的狩猎-屠宰类考古遗址. 相似文献
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《广西右江民族师专学报》2014,(4):F0002-F0002
百色市右江区位于广西壮族自治区西部、珠江流域西江水系的右江上游。右江区历史悠久,有距今约80万年的百谷、枫树岛旧石器时代遗址。古为百越之地,秦、汉时属象郡,唐时属邕州都督府管辖,元时称天州。最早建制是公元1729年（雍正七年）设置的百色厅,次年建城：1875年（光绪元年）升为百色直隶厅,1912年改为百色府;建城至今已有280多年的历史。 相似文献
19.
物联网时代的信息产业 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
人类社会生产技术发展的历史,经历了农牧业、工业、信息产业三个大的阶段。数千年前的农牧业技术革命,使人类的经济由旧石器时代以采集、狩猎为基础的攫取性经济转变为以农业、畜牧业为基础的生产性经济;始于18世纪60年代的工业技术革命,开创了机器生产取代手工劳动的新时代．生产力水平得到极大提高。社会物质财富迅速增加;始于几十年前的信息产业革命大潮,将人类大脑的智力延伸、拓展,使现代文明进入一个崭新的时代。 相似文献
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