土体冻涨的影响分析

针对我国存在大面积季节冻土对水工建筑物的严重破坏,本文阐述了发生冻土的内在原因,利用土壤水、土壤的质地及地下水三方面进行分析了土体冻涨的原因。     

兴文县岩溶石山地区资源环境问题探讨

兴文县是四川盆地南部典型的岩溶石山区,境内资源环境问题突出,主要包括岩溶、干旱、滑坡、泥石流以及由近年来诸如旅游等人类活动频繁引发的环境问题.针对目前其存在的岩溶环境问题,提出了应当从恢复山区自然植被、治理水土流失、适度发展旅游业等方面着手的相关建议,以实现其可持续发展.     

岩溶地区新型灌注桩承载机理试验及模拟研究

基于布袋桩成桩试验与4组室内静载荷试验,结合7组数值模型,对布袋桩的成桩可行性与桩身荷载的传递特性及其承载机理进行研究.结果表明：1）布袋桩在解决岩溶地区成桩时浆液渗漏问题的同时,具有成桩质量良好、成桩形状可预测的特征.在等桩径、等加载条件下,布袋桩的极限承载力为传统桩的1.15倍以上,桩顶沉降远小于传统桩;2）布袋桩...     

地下水的新型利用

<正>随着经济的快速发展与人们生活水平的不断提高,人们对于公共建筑与住宅的供暖与制冷设备也有了一定的要求。对于华中平原地区,由于冬天温度低,夏天温度高,所以冬季多采用     

乌江彭水水电站坝区岩溶发育规律分析及工程意义

乌江彭水水电站坝区可溶岩地层广泛分布,岩溶水文地质条件复杂,通过对钻孔、平硐、地表及施工洞室揭示岩溶统计分析。在此基础上通过对岩溶发育特征及发育规律的认识、研究,能及时对水工建筑物的设计及施工起到指导作用。     

河南省水资源开发利用途径战略思考

本文在总结多年来水资源开发利用经验和分析区域水文地质条件、水循环特点的基础上论证了山丘、平原的适宜水利措施分别为库塘泉体系和沟渠井与部渠井体系，适宜水利措施是水利工程规划、设计的基础和依据。作者认为：在当前水资源供需矛盾突出的情况下，必须把地表水、地下水和土壤水统一考虑、合理调度。调节水资源的措施应当同时具有排、蓄、灌、补、引多种功能，否则，费宏效微，甚至适得其反，适宜水利措施应当由区域水循环特点所决定；适宜水利措施的选择为合理开发资源和生态环境保护需求所必须。     

Models for calculating phreatic water evaporation on bare and Tamarix-vegetated lands

Groundwater is the main source of water consumption of natural vegetation in arid regions. It is an effective approach to study ecological water demand of natural vegetation by phreatic evaporation. In order to study the ecological water demand of Tarim river basin, based on the observation data of phreatic evaporation on bare lands at the Aksu Water Balance Experimental station from 1989 to 1996, by analyzing the relationship of phreatic evaporation, depth of phreatic surface and evaporation of water, taking the limit rate of phreatic evaporation as the control condition, and based on the objective law that the relation between phreatic evaporation and evaporation of water is nonlinear, we establish models for calculating phreatic evaporation on bare land, which can fully reflect the law of phreatic evaporation in the Tarim river basin. According to the data of depth of phreatic surface and soil moisture when pheratic level decline is caused just by evapotranspiration on Tamarix-vegetated land from 2003 to 2004, we calculate the amount of phreatic evaporation and set up models for calculating phreatic evaporation on Tamarixvegetated land. Phreatic evaporation on bare land and Tamarix-vegetated land could be transformed each other by a Tamarix vegetation conversion coefficient. The test results show that the calculation accuracy of the models is high and the models are suitable for Tarim river basin.