Topography of acoustic response characteristics in the midbrain inferior colliculus of Kunming mouse

Topography of acoustic response characteristics of the midbrain inferior colliculus(IC)of the Kunming mouse was studied by using extracellular recording techniques.The characteristic frequency(CF)range represented in the different divisions of the IC differed markedly:4-15 kHz in the dorsal cortex(DC),10-70 kHz in the central nucleus(CN),and 4-35kHz in the external cortex(EC).The CF in the CN increased from dorsal and lateral to ventral and medial,higher CFs represented at its ventromedial part and lower CFs at its dorsal part.The isofrequency contours of CFs were incurvate.Minimum thresholds(MT)of the auditory neurons in DC and the central part of CN were lower(about 10dB SPL),but considerably higher in the dorsal and ventral region of EC.Results suggest that each of the divisions in the mouse IC may have different auditory functions.     

基于自适应混合变异进化策略的神经模糊系统及应用研究

针对现存神经模糊系统中存在的问题,提出了基于自适应混合变异进化策略的神经模糊系统采用改进的最近邻域聚类算法对输入空间进行模糊聚类,确定模糊规则数以及模糊规则前件,这样做精简了模糊规则,不会因输入变量的增加而造成"维数灾难”;采用自适应混合进化策略确定模糊规则的后件,明显提高了算法的收敛速度和精度.将本文提出的基于自适应进化策略的神经模糊系统用于某炼油厂航煤干点的软测量建模,结果表明,该系统具有结构简单、建模精度高、泛化能力强等优点.     

神经类固醇对高级脑功能作用的研究概述

神经类固醇是脑和神经自身合成的类固醇激素,广泛地存在于大脑及神经组织中,对学习、记忆、认知、情绪等脑功能具有非常重要的作用.本文对这方面的研究作一概述.     

针刀治疗隐神经卡压症82例和并发症防治

目的:报告针刀治疗隐神经卡压症的临床疗效及其并发症的预防。方法:针刀闭合术。结果:痊愈60例(62腿),显效14例,好转8例。结论:隐神经卡压症针刀治疗,疗效满意,治愈率高,费用低,时间短。     

享誉国际的神经生理学家——张香桐

中国科学院神经科学研究所名誉所长张香桐院士，是我国对神经生理贡献最大，最负国际盛誉的神经生理学家之一。他是神经元树突生理功能研究的先驱者，在机体各部位的肌肉在猴运动皮层的定位研究、肌肉传入神经纤维分类、视觉研究、针刺镇痛神经机制的研究等方面有重要建树，对我国神经科学的发展起到了重要的推动作用。美国1989年出版的《神经科学百科全书》中，张香桐被列为“公元前300年至公元1950年间对神经科学进展有贡献的人物”之一。     

体外诱导大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞表达酪氨酸羟化酶

目的:探讨体外诱导大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs)表达酪氨酸羟化酶,为帕金森病细胞移植替代治疗提供特异性分化的细胞.方法:在无菌条件下从SD大鼠的股骨中分离骨髓间充质干细胞,体外培养传3代后,用表皮生长因子、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子和抗坏血酸诱导MSCs 表达酪氨酸羟化酶.在镜下,观察MSCs 在诱导前后的形态变化;用免疫荧光染色检测酪氨酸羟化酶的表达.结果:MSCs经诱导分化后,胞体逐渐变圆,并伸出神经轴突、树突样突起;免疫荧光化学表明细胞酪氨酸羟化酶染色呈强阳性反应.结论: SD大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞在体外能被定向诱导表达酪氨酸羟化酶,有可能为帕金森病治疗提供特异性分化的细胞.     

35例累及颈动脉间隙病变的影像分析

目的:探讨邻近或转移性病变累及颈动脉间隙的影像特点.方法:搜集35例疾病经临床病理证实患者的影像资料,分析其病变累及颈动脉间隙的影像学表现.结果:转移性淋巴结20例(占57%)均推压、包绕颈动脉间隙内血管.淋巴瘤7例(占20%)均为推移颈动脉间隙内血管.其他病变(8例,占23%)如神经鞘瘤等均以推压为主,使颈动脉间隙内血管移位.10例恶性肿瘤及1例病灶感染(占31%)则表现为病变与血管之间的脂肪层消失.结论:转移性淋巴结多为包绕颈动脉间隙内的血管.淋巴瘤及良性肿块主要是推移颈动脉间隙内的血管.     

Neural correlates of short-term perceptual learning in orientation discrimination indexed by event-related potentials

The current work investigated the neural correlates of visual perceptual learning in grating orientation discrimination by recording event-related potentials (ERPs) from human adults. Subjects were trained with a discrimination task of grating orientation in three consecutive training sessions within 2 h. While reaction times (RTs) were shortened gradually across training sessions, the N1 was decreased and the P2 was increased over the parietal and occipital areas. A broadly distributed P3 was increased along with more practices. In addition, the time course of learning reflected in the P2 and P3 amplitudes was in line with the changes of reaction times and exhibited a stable level during later training. The impli- cations of these results to the neural mechanisms subserving perceptual learning were discussed.     

运动与巨噬细胞的研究进展

巨噬细胞(Mφ)是参与免疫应答的重要细胞。中、小强度的运动使巨噬细胞的吞噬能力增强,而大强度运动使巨噬细胞的吞噬能力下降;同时运动也使机体内一些神经递质、激素的分泌水平发生变化,而激素、神经递质的改变又影响神经内分泌系统对巨噬细胞的免疫调节作用。