Solving Non-Uniqueness in Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering Using Multidendrograms

In agglomerative hierarchical clustering, pair-group methods suffer from a problem of non-uniqueness when two or more distances between different clusters coincide during the amalgamation process. The traditional approach for solving this drawback has been to take any arbitrary criterion in order to break ties between distances, which results in different hierarchical classifications depending on the criterion followed. In this article we propose a variable-group algorithm that consists in grouping more than two clusters at the same time when ties occur. We give a tree representation for the results of the algorithm, which we call a multidendrogram, as well as a generalization of the Lance andWilliams’ formula which enables the implementation of the algorithm in a recursive way. The authors thank A. Arenas for discussion and helpful comments. This work was partially supported by DGES of the Spanish Government Project No. FIS2006–13321–C02–02 and by a grant of Universitat Rovira i Virgili.     

Clustering the rows and columns of a contingency table

A number of ways of investigating heterogeneity in a two-way contingency table are reviewed. In particular, we consider chi-square decompositions of the Pearson chi-square statistic with respect to the nodes of a hierarchical clustering of the rows and/or the columns of the table. A cut-off point which indicates significant clustering may be defined on the binary trees associated with the respective row and column cluster analyses. This approach provides a simple graphical procedure which is useful in interpreting a significant chi-square statistic of a contingency table.The author gratefully acknowledges the constructive comments of the referees and the editor.     

天津市各区县经济发展水平的多元统计分析

本文选取了10项适当的主要经济指标对天津市18个区（县）的经济发展水平进行系统聚类分析和主成分分析，综合评价了各区县的经济发展水平．     

不同地区毛泡桐种子发芽状况的初步研究

本文分析了不同地区毛泡桐种子的发芽状况并对其进行了系统聚类分析。结果表明，光照处理有利于提高毛泡桐种子的发芽率和发芽势，室温贮藏不利于种子活力的长期保持。根据不同条件下毛泡桐种子发芽率和发芽势的差别，利用系统聚类方法将其划分为四组，该结果为泡桐引种和培养新品种等奠定了基础。     

学术团队与学科群系统核心竞争力的关系研究

把集群和核心竞争能力的概念借鉴到教育学领域，引出学科群系统及其核心竞争力，并对学科群及其系统进行解释，探讨影响学科群系统核心竞争力的因素。进而研究学术团队的开放度对团队创造能力的影响以及对学科群系统核心竞争力的影响。     

基于社会网络分析的产业集群建模及实证检验

近几年产业集群对地区经济发展影响显著，吸引了许多学者加入到产业集群研究中，这些学者涉及许多学科领域，其中包括经济地理学、产业组织学、技术经济学等。新经济社会学的出现，为产业集群研究开辟了新的视角，本文尝试从新经济社会学的视角，特别运用与之相联系的社会网络分析理论与方法进行产业集群定量化研究，并作以实证检验，旨在为产业集群定量化研究奠定一定的理论基础。     

整合供应链管理推进产业集群化的优势与对策分析

针对近几年越来越明显也越来越引起广泛关注的产业集群化现象，通过分析供应链在产业集群化中的作用后提出，产业集群化实质上是一条或多条供应链在一定地理区域里局部集中的过程，分析了供应链的价值增值过程，为通过整合供应链管理来推进产业集群化发展提供依据。     

锡表面Mo(W)-S-Sn彩色簇合物膜的组成与结构研究

通过(NH4)2Mo(W)S4溶液浸渍,在金属Sn表面获得了不溶性且具有金属光泽的Mo(W)-S-Sn彩色簇合物膜。FT-IR、F-IR、FT-Raman、XPS和AES研究表明,簇合物膜中存在Mo(W)-S-Sn、端基Mo(W)-S和端基Mo(W)-O键,膜层由Mo(W)、S、Sn和O元素组成,膜为多分子层结构,从AES深度分布曲线的组成恒定区求得了元素的相对原子百分数和膜层厚度。     

The hidden disintegration of cluster heterogeneity in Fe-based glass-forming alloy melt

The evolution of liquid metal at high temperature is known much less than their solid states. This is partially due to that the message concerning clusters, metastable phase or heterogeneity in liquid is usually too slight to be traced. Here, we shed some light on the nature of structural evolution of Fe-based glass-forming alloy during overheating process by the investigation of high-temperature melt viscometry and first principles simulations. It was found that a structural transition around 1400 ℃ occurred in the melts of initial homogeneous ingot, heterogeneous ingot and amorphous ribbons jointly, and was confirmed by the results from differential scanning calorimeter(DSC), and ab initio molecular dynamics(AIMD). Combining these results with Fe-Si-B ternary phase diagram and the melting characteristics of Fe-B compounds, it is safe to conclude that the disintegration of Fe_2B type clusters to Fe_3B-type clusters leads to the observed transition. These results offer a significant reference for the preparation and property control of Fe-based amorphous alloys.     

聚类分析在图书馆书籍管理中的应用

阐述了K-means聚类方法在图书馆书籍借阅分析中的应用,以及针对图书馆借阅数据的特点将特征聚类、无量纲化方法引入到K-means算法中.