A morphometric study of spermatogenesis in the testes of mice of a senescence accelerated strain

The morphometric parameters of spermatogenic cells in a mouse strain prone to accelerated senescence (SAM-P), a novel murine model of spontaneously promoted aging, were compared with those of a SAM resistant strain (SAM-R) after birth until 40 weeks (mean life span of SAM-P). A mixture of gonocytes and spermatogonia were present in the testis in 1-week-old mice, and no gonocytes were observed in 2-week-old mice. At 6 weeks of age, the absolute number of spermatogonia in SAM-P was 27% greater than that in SAM-R, whereas the cell number in 40-week-old SAM-P was 17% less than in SAM-R. Primary spermatocytes were first observed in 3-week-old animals, and the cell numbers in SAM-P at 3, 5 and 6 weeks were 78%, 31% and 25%, respectively, greater than in SAM-R, whereas the cell number in SAM-P at 40 weeks was 30% less than SAM-R. Round spermatids were first observed in all SAM-P at 4 weeks old, but 20% of SAM-r had no spermatids and the rest had only a few. At 5 and 6 weeks old, the absolute numbers of round spermatids in SAM-P was about 34% and 41%, respectively, greater than in SAM-R, whereas the cell number in 40-week-old SAM-P was about 34% less than SAM-R. These results indicate that testicular maturation begins at an earlier age in SAM-P than SAM-R. Furthermore, at the age of 40 weeks signs of testicular deterioration are evident in SAM-P mice only     

n^＋／p常规硅太阳电池表面“死层”的减少方法

磷透过热生长氧化层扩散的方法，可以减缓高浓度浅结磷扩大硅表层带来的晶格损伤（即“死层”）双晶Ｘ射线衍射图形和杂质纵向分布测量均证实了这一点，用此方法制备的常规结深的太阳电池，其相对光谱响应４００～６００ｎｍ波段内平均提高了５０％，在ＡＭＯ（２５℃）条件下，其光电转换效率也从常规电池的１１．８％提高到１２．３％，转换效率可望在工艺最佳化研究后得到进一步提高。     

太阳耀斑爆发对我国夏季雷暴活动的影响

本文研究了我国１８５个气象测站１９７１～１９８０年夏季雷暴活动频数对２级以上太阳耀斑的影响。江、浙、皖、赣一带耀斑爆发后雷暴平均频数比爆发前提高（４０～４３）％；而华北地区和东北地区则降低（１９～３１）％。经Ｓｔｕｄｅｎｔ－ｔ检验，耀斑爆发前后雷暴频数平均值的差异显著性分别通过了优于１０－５、５×１００３及１０－４的置信度检验．     

用细胞神经网络实现蔡氏混沌电路

研究了用细胞神经网络（ＣＮＮ）实现蔡氏电路的方法，把ＣＮＮ模型与蔡氏电路模型两者联系起来，并且只采用一般常用的运算放大器、电阻和电容即可方便地构成蔡氏电路，试验结果表明，电路原理简明，工作可靠，性能优良，有较大的实用价值。     

上海近数十年城市发展对气候的影响

本文通过对上海市气象台(位于市区龙华)近数十年气侯资料前后时期的历史分析,并与同时期郊县气候记录对比,滤去区域气候因素的影响,结合上海城市发展的特征,发现由于城市人口密度、建筑物密度和能源消耗量等的快速增长,导致上海城市气侯发生一定程度的变化。其最突出的表现是:城市热岛效应效著,城乡气温差别逐渐增大;域区风速和湿度渐次减小;雾日数和晴天日数减少,低云量和阴天日数增多;太阳直接辐射和总辐射减少,散射辐射和混浊因子加大。观测实践证明:上海“城市发展”这个人为因素对当地气候确实具有明显的影响。     

硬化性肌膜炎患者血清ACA的发现及对小鼠细胞着丝点的研究

首次在硬化性肌膜炎患者血清中发现有抗着丝点抗体(ACA),可使 Hep-2间期细胞核及 M 期细胞染色体着丝点显示分散的荧光斑点.用 ACA 血清对小鼠几种器官的冰冻切片或涂片进行免疫荧光研究,可见无论幼龄或老龄小鼠的肝、十二指肠、脑皮层细胞及老龄小鼠睾丸生精细胞均有明亮的荧光斑点.绒毛顶端细胞呈均匀性荧光.     

玉米根细胞正面向外和内翻外质膜囊泡的分离

利用水双相分配分离法从玉米根细胞提取原生质膜囊泡。其质膜成分特异的K~+,Mg~(2+)—ATP酶活性比膜粗提液高1.67倍。其他细胞器标记酶活性在质膜组分中很低或没有。特异染色电镜形态学定量统计表明质膜组分中90％以上是质膜囊泡。去污剂刺激ATP酶活性实验证明,约92％囊泡是正面向外的。应用此法也证明NAD(P)H—氧化酶可能是跨膜存在的,其催化Fe~(3+)还原的位点可能在膜的内侧。应用高盐冻—融法并结合水双相分配分离法处理正面向外囊泡,可获得内翻外质膜囊泡,实验证明它不仅纯度高而且封闭。     

利用固定化酵母细胞生产ATP

利用明胶戊二醛制备的固定化啤酒酵母细胞,由腺苷酸(AMP)生产腺嘌呤核苷三磷酸(ATP)。在含有15 mmol/L AMP,75 mmol/L葡萄糖,5mmol/L硫酸镁(MgSO_4·7 H_2O)的0.2 mol/L磷酸缓冲液(pH 7.0)中,在34℃振荡反应1h,ATP转化率可达100%,分批连续反应10次,ATP转化率保持在90%以上。