Reappraisal of phylogenetic status and genetic diversity analysis of Asian population of Lentinula edodes

Phylogenetic relationship within the Lentinula genus is constructed based on the sequenced ITS fragments of the 60 Chinese wild L. edodes isolates and the sequence data of 48 isolates of different species from other districts downloaded from the GenBank. The 108 isolates of Lentinula genus are divided into two branches and seven groups, one branch and two groups in the New World, and the other branch and five groups in the Old World, and the isolates clustering of different groups corresponds obviously with the classification of the morphological species. Asian isolates are partitioned in group Ⅰ and Ⅴ, two of the five groups of the Old World, by which the germplasm resources status represented is of great importance shown by the phylogenetic analysis. Group Ⅴ which fills up the blank of geographic distribution has become one of the mainstream groups with an increased isolate number, while group Ⅰ has a tendency to dissimilate into two subgroups (Ia and Ib) with a huge isolate quantity and a coverage of most tested districts, suggesting that China (or Asia) is an important genetic diversity center of the natural population of Lentinula genus. Genetic analysis of Asian isolates based on groups Ia, Ib and group Ⅴ indicates that the diversity of the east coastal-land, northwestern highland and southwestern China and Himalayas districts is the most plentiful, which is the three priorities in diversity protection of Asian Lentinula population.     

石珊瑚演化的18S rDNA分子生物学和形态学研究

用分子生物学方法测定石珊瑚目一些现代种类的18S rDNA,构建石珊瑚的系统发生树,并且对石珊瑚目中一些亚目和科属的演化关系进行分子生物学和传统的比较形态学的对照研究,以期为石珊瑚起源和演化提供新的证据。研究表明： 1） 石珊瑚的早期演化至少有两个主要演化分支,这支持以前的形态分类研究和分子生物学研究的结果。尽管这两方面研究所得出的分支不尽相同,但都说明石珊瑚目的亚目一级有强烈分化; 2） 石珊瑚目的5个亚目不全是单系发生的,对Wells的传统分类提出了质疑。此项分子生物研究虽与大部分种的属和科级根据形态生物学的归属相符合,但还有些科的归属还有分歧,如Faviina亚目中的Rhizangiidae科和Faviina亚目中的Dendrophylliidae科等。     

Molecular phylogeny of coronaviruses including human SARS-CoV

The outbreak of SARS sets an urgent task to reveal the origin of human SARS-CoV, i.e. its relation to other known species of coronavirus, and to trace the genetic variation in the spreading process of SARS. Partial answer to the problem may be obtained from phylogenetic analy-sis of available genomes. We call a phylogenetic tree of different species of coronavirus including the human SARS-Cov a CoV Tree and that of different isolates of SARS-CoV a SARS Tree. CoV trees have been c…     

标本组学——树木学研究的新方法

树木学是一门不断发展、高度综合的学科。系统发生是树木学的基础,研究材料和序列数据一直是限制系统发生重建的重要因素。新技术的发展和应用通过拓展材料利用、改进和提升系统发生树的分辨率而将树木学的研究推向新的高度。标本馆不仅是树木物种凭证标本的保存地,保存了物种的形态、地理分布、生态、物候等信息,而且是重要的材料库。标本材料因制作和保存过程中高温和氧化导致基因组DNA降解和破碎化,一代测序技术由于技术限制而无法充分利用馆藏标本开展生命之树重建研究。新兴的标本组学是近年来基于二代测序技术发展起来的获取标本材料中基因组DNA的技术,这种技术通过对短片段测序和生物信息学方法拼接获得基因组DNA序列,因此可以充分利用馆藏标本材料,结合浅层测序和靶序列捕获能获得包括nrITS、叶绿体基因组、线粒体基因组以及单拷贝核基因等序列,从而满足系统发生重建的需要,且有着经济、省时、高效、准确的优势。新兴标本组学的应用将加速生命之树重建、DNA条形码、物种保护和资源可持续利用等方面的研究。