基于案例推理的磨矿分级系统智能设定控制

针对磨矿分级过程的关键工艺指标磨矿粒度难以用常规控制方法进行有效控制的难题,将智能设定方法与常规控制相结合,提出了基于案例推理的磨矿分级系统智能设定控制方法.以粒度指标的区间控制为目标,依据边界条件和运行工况等信息,由智能设定模型自动更新各基础控制回路的设定值,避免了人工设定的主观性及随意性,各控制回路跟踪更新的设定值,从而将粒度控制在目标范围内.该方法已成功应用于某赤铁矿选厂的磨矿分级过程,应用效果表明提出的方法是有效的.     

微波等离子体法制备纳米钼粉

阐述用微波等离子法制备纳米金属钼粉的原理,探讨了此法制备纳米钼粉颗粒的工艺与影响因素,并以羰基钼为原料制得纳米级钼粉,平均粒径小于５０ｎｍ,还研究了钼粉在空气中的热稳定性。     

Predatory behaviour in Deltochilum: convergent evolution or a primitive character within a clade?

We present data on predatory behaviour in Deltochilum cupreicolle viridescens, which belongs to the subgenus Aganhyboma, and we contrast it with the behaviour of a species from the subgenus Deltohyboma. By this comparison we can investigate whether the predatory behaviour in Deltochilum could have appeared independently in these two subgenera, or if the behaviour is so similar that it suggests a single origin in a possible ancestor exclusive to those two groups. These laboratory studies on the behaviour of Deltochilum c. viridescens individuals on diplopods are described and divided into the following stages: (1) approach and recognition of the diplopod; (2) attack and death of the prey; (3) on-site feeding; (4) transport of the diplopod. The results found here strengthen the hypothesis of a primitive and highly specialized behaviour within a possible clade formed by the predatory species of Diplopoda.     

Microhabitat selection in the sand recluse spider (Sicarius thomisoides): the effect of rock size and temperature

In spiders, temperature is considered an important environmental variable for microhabitat selection. In this study, we evaluated the effect of temperature and rock size on the presence of the sand recluse spider Sicarius thomisoides and the degree of selectivity in different locations. This species is a large spider that lives under rocks in desert and semi-desert climates and is particularly active during the summer. In Chile, these spiders can be found at both coastal and inland locations under different thermal conditions, where usually the temperatures are lower near the coast. If large-scale climatic conditions are important for this species, they may be expected to select lower rock temperatures on the coast than at inland locations. In addition, we would expect that the spiders would choose larger rocks in inland compared to coast locations, which reduce the effect of high temperatures. We found that the probability of finding individuals of this species increased according to rock temperature and rock size in the field. Our results suggest that S. thomisoides prefers larger and warmer rocks to shelter under during the day, this selectivity being similar at both coastal and inland locations. Thus, this species tends to select rocks with the same thermal and structural conditions, independent of the climatic conditions.     

长江上游铜锣峡河段卵砾石推移质输沙规律研究

西部山区河段具有水面比降大、河床推移质粒径粗、糙率较大等特点,因此西部山区河段的水沙特性与平原河流差异明显,采用现有的推移质输沙公式来预测山区河段的泥沙输移情况存在较大误差。针对这一现象,基于爱因斯坦均匀沙无量纲输沙公式,考虑到推移质周围床沙对其遮蔽影响,以V/Uc=1为推移质起动临界状态建立了输沙率计算公式,最后以长江上游铜锣峡河段为研究对象,根据近二十年实测的水沙数据,将新计算式与多个经典公式进行精度比较,从计算结果来看,在预测大比降卵砾石山区河流时,新建立的计算式计算精度更高,能更好的反映其输沙规律。     

车辆起步过程发动机恒转速自适应模糊控制研究

车辆起步发动机恒转速控制是一种有效的起步控制策略,如何实现发动机转速跟随目标转速曲线变化以提高起步性能是一个难点.针对这一问题,制定了离合器接合控制原则,设计了以发动机转速及其目标转速、离合器行程为控制参数的自适应模糊控制及相应协调规则构成的控制系统.仿真试验表明在不同工况下该控制策略均能保证发动机基本无超调地达到目标转速,实现了发动机恒转速起步,离合器滑摩功小,能够反映驾驶员起步意图,提高了车辆起步性能.     

爆速对纳米氧化铝尺度控制影响研究

将硝酸铝和黑索金按照不同的质量比均匀混合形成4种粉状的混合炸药,每一种炸药爆轰都得到了纳米氧化铝.对每次收集到的实验粉体分别进行了高分辨率透射电镜分析和X光衍射分析.分析结果表明4种混合炸药爆轰所得到的纳米氧化铝呈球形,颗粒尺寸分布比较均匀,尺寸范围为15～20 nm,晶型为γ型.另外由X光衍射数据利用Scherrer公式分别计算出每一种质量比的混合炸药爆轰所得到的纳米氧化铝的平均颗粒尺寸.利用BC-3型爆速仪测得4种混合炸药的实际爆速.研究发现爆速越高的混合炸药爆轰所得到的纳米氧化铝的颗粒就越细,同时绘出了爆速与颗粒尺寸的关系曲线.在一定的尺寸范围内,根据此曲线可以通过改变混合炸药的爆速来控制合成出的纳米氧化铝颗粒尺寸.     

Gas-liquid phase coexistence and finite-size effects in a two-dimensional Lennard-Jones system

The gas-liquid phase coexistence in a two-dimensional Lennard-Jones system is investigated using Maxwell construction method together with molecular dynamics simulations.The results of phase coexistence in different truncations of the potential are compared with data obtained from the literature,and the corresponding critical properties calculated.The crossover from Ising-like to mean field behavior is observed and confirmed as the temperature approaches the critical point from below.Performing simulations on systems with different sizes,we find that a finite size effect is more significant than those shown in most of the previous results,and a lower critical temperature is obtained when the full extent of this finite size effect is considered.     

Spatial prisoner’s dilemma games with increasing size of the interaction neighborhood on regular lattices

We studied the evolution of cooperation in the prisoner’s dilemma game on a square lattice where the size of the interaction neighborhood is considered. Firstly, the effects of noise and the cost-to-benefit ratio on the maintenance of cooperation were investigated. The results indicate that the cooperation frequency depends on the noise and cost-to-benefit ratio: cooperation reaches a climax as noise increases, but it monotonously decreases and even vanishes with the ratio increasing. Furthermore, we investigated how the size of the interaction neighborhood affects the emergence of cooperation in detail. Our study demonstrates that cooperation is remarkably enhanced by an increase in the size of the interaction neighborhood. However, cooperation died out when the size of the interaction neighborhood became too large since the system was similar to the mean-field system. On this basis, a cluster-forming mechanism acting among cooperators was also explored, and it showed that the moderate range of the neighborhood size is beneficial for forming larger cooperative clusters. Finally, large-scale Monte Carlo simulations were carried out to visualize and interpret these phenomena explicitly.     

边染色9-临界图边数的新下界

针对Vizirtg猜想△为9的情况，运用Discharging差值转移方法研究了9-临界图的边数下界，得到了新结论：m≥10^-36n,改进了已有结果。