生物语言:理查德·鲍威尔斯《金虫变奏曲》中的生物学与信息(Ⅰ)

《金虫变奏曲》一书中光怪陆离的世界被用来类比鲍维尔斯的思维过程.本文研究书中这一世界所代表的科学事物,以及一些重要领域之间的交互网络的出现给生物学范式所带来的变化.本文还研究了科学家们在研究基因组的无限性时使用控制论改造分子生物学的种种方法.     

Reproductive biology and prospects for conservation ofCaldesia parnassifolia (Alismataceae)—A threatened monocot in China

Caldesia parnassi folia (Bassi ex Linn.) Parl. in China has declined in number in recent years and is increasingly faced with the risk of extirpation arising from anthropogenic changes associated with rapid urbanization and expansion of both agriculture and infrastructure. To aid in provision of the data needed for effective conservation of the species, studies on the habitat, pollination ecology, and breeding system ofC. parnassi folia were carried out on natural populations occurring in Southeastern China. Flowering in the study populations extended for more than eighty days beginning in early summer. Floral anthesis occurred in the morning hours and proceeded rapidly, lasting about 45 min. Flowers lasted ca. 8 h.Caldesia parnassi folia is self-compatible; however autogamy resulted in lower seed set than geitonogamy and xenogamy as well as free pollination. The data on pollen/ ovule (P∶O) ratio is consistent with a partially selfing and outcrossing mating system. Interpopulational crosses yielded similar seed set to within-population crosses. Agamospermy did not occur in the study populations. Propagation is achieved through seeds as well as through turions which commonly occur in the inflorescences. Flies (Insecta; Diptera) were the most frequent visitors to the flowers ofC. parnassi folia; however bees (Insecta; Hymenoptera) composed a larger proportion of effective pollinators. The Syrphidae speciesSphaerophoria indiana (Bigot) presents evidence of oligolectic foraging behavior. Recommendations are made on the immediate steps necessary for conservation ofCaldesia species in China. Foundation item: Supported by the State Key Basic Research and Development Plan of China (973) (G2000046805) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30070055) Biography: Robert Wahiti, Gituru (1967-), male, Kenya, Ph. D., research direction: plant biosystematics.     

影响儿童青少年心理成长的因素分析

阐述了儿童青少年的成长过程中，身心健康的重要性；分析了影响青少年心理成长的三大因素的关系；着重指出社会文化因素特别是家庭结构影响的重要作用，对教育实践有一定的借鉴意义。     

系统药物学

系统药物学,是在系统水平认识药物,研究药物作用的系统性、多组分药物系统、和药物信息分子。系统药物学包括计算系统药物学、实验系统药物学及系统药物治疗学,需要引入新的思路、技术、算法与软件、设备等。中药现代化的方向是系统药物学,中药西化只是其组成部分之一。同时,要西药中化,西药中化与中药西化将成为构建系统药物学理论体系的重要组成部分。本文还讨论了系统药物学研究对药物发现和个性化治疗的意义。     

基因疗法研究的新进展

指出基因疗法是分子生物学与医用分子遗传学结合的产物,介绍了基因疗法临床应用研究进展,展望了基因疗法的前景,特别强调了上海复旦大学新近取得的基因研究重大突破在推动基因疗法快速发展中的作用。     

不曾想走的路：我与中国科学院

在对个人经历的回顾中,作者顺次介绍了1951—1991年间中国科学院的一些大事以及若干人物,并对中国科学院、中国科学院学部的几次定位,"大跃进"运动对中国科学院的冲击,高端权力对科学工作的非理性干预等进行了分析和反思。     

Is chlamydial heat shock protein 60 a risk factor for oncogenesis?

Heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) plays an important role in the protein folding of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Most of the papers published on chlamydial HSP60 concern its role in immune response during infection. In the last decade, exposure to Chlamydia trachomatis has been consistently associated with the development of cervical and ovarian cancer. Moreover, it has been suggested that chlamydial HSP60 may have an anti-apoptotic effect during persistent infection. We hypothesize that the accumulation of exogenous chlamydial HSP60 in the cytoplasm of actively replicating eukaryotic cells may interfere with the regulation of the apoptotic pathway. The concomitant expression of viral oncoproteins and/or the presence of mutations may lead to the ability to survive apoptotic stimuli, loss of replicative senescence, uncontrolled proliferation and, finally neoplastic transformation.Received 15 August 2004; received after revision 1 October 2004; accepted 7 October 2004     

中国近代生物学期刊的成型和初具规模时期

目的厘清中国近代生物学期刊在抗日战争前的发生和发展状况,为中国科学史研究提供新线索。方法文献分析与考证法。结果中国近代生物学期刊从最早创办的《生物学杂志》(前身为武昌高等师范学校创办的《博物学会杂志》)至抗日战争爆发,共创办了近60种期刊,以西文发表的原始调查报告及研究论文为主,并出现了《中国科学社生物学研究所丛刊》《静生生物调查所汇报》《中国生理学杂志》等世界名刊。结论中国生物学期刊的成型期是20世纪20年代中期,初具规模时期是20世纪20年代末至抗日战争。在此期间,生物学能够产生世界名刊的主要原因是:能够依托高水平的科研机构,立足本土,并采用当时世界科学界主流语言———西文。     

地方本科院校生物类实验室开放初探——以大庆师范学院为例

高校实验室开放是培养创新型人才的基础,是深化实验教学改革的重要途径。通过分析实验室开放的必要性,总结了大庆师范学院生命科学学院实验室开放的主要形式,探讨了实验室开放中存在的问题,并提出了建设性措施和建议。