稀土碱式碳酸盐LnOHCO3(Ln=La,Sm,Pr)的水热合成及其非线性光学性质

采用水热法合成了一系列不同形貌的稀土的碱式碳酸盐LnOHCO3(Lr=La,Sm,Pr),详细研究了合成条件,解释了反应机理.并用XRD,SEM,TG进行表征,同时第一次报道了LnOHCO3(Ln=Sm,Pr)的倍频效应(SHG).     

络合剂H_3cit对P_(204)-RECl_3-LA体系萃取镨钕的影响

以二-(2-乙基己基)磷酸(P204)为萃取剂,在含有乳酸的稀土氯化物(PrCl3或NdCl3)溶液中添加一定比例的络合剂柠檬酸,研究了在pH=3条件下络合剂柠檬酸含量对P204-RECl3-LA体系萃取镨钕的分配比、分离系数及萃取容量的影响.结果表明:含有柠檬酸的乳酸体系萃取镨钕的分配比、分离系数及萃取容量明显高于单一乳酸体系,分离系数由原来的1.44提高到1.68,萃取容量由原来的25.23 g/L提高到28.53 g/L.这为研究非皂化萃取体系中稀土的绿色清洁萃取方法提供了理论依据和技术基础.     

LD泵浦Nd:YAG激光毛化轧辊粗糙度的模拟分析

针对CO2激光器和灯泵浦的Nd:YAG激光器毛化技术的不足,利用半导体泵浦Nd:YAG激光器进行轧辊毛化。此装置具有峰值功率较高,光学质量好,使用寿命长,维护成本低等优点。本文利用半导体泵浦Nd:YAG激光器对轧辊毛化试验,分析了泵浦功率、脉冲频率、脉冲宽度、离焦量以及点阵密度等加工参数对毛化坑形貌和表面粗糙度的影响规律,并根据实验结果对表面粗糙度进行数值模拟,最后对模拟结果与实验值进行比较,得出了可以有效使用该模拟方法给出加工参数的调整规律结论。     

化石、矿物和岩石样品的Sm—Nd同位素实验方法研究及其应用

本文详细介绍了化石、矿物和岩石样品中Sm—Nd同位素化学制备与质谱测定实验技术。样品采用Teflon密闭熔样法,用阳离子交换程序分离Sm和Nd。采用钽/铼三灯丝和多接受技术在VG354质谱计上以Sm~+和Nd~+形式测定Sm和Nd。Nd同位素比值以 ~(146)Nd/~(144)Nd=0.7219为标准化值。对BCR—1岩石标样测定为~(143)Nd/~(144)Nd=0.512662±8(2σ_m)。Nd全流程本底为5—7×10~(-11)克。采用上述实验方法研究了中国大阳岔国际寒武/奥陶系界线候选层型剖面中古生物化石 Sm—Nd同位素体系,取得了可靠的数据和有意义的地质结论。     

Nd isotopic variations and its implications in the recent sediments from the northern South China Sea

The chondrite-normalized REE distribution patterns in recent sediments from the northern South China Sea and surrounding areas are similar, with the HREE values being almost equal to or slightly higher, and the La_N/Lu_N ratio being lower, than PAAS standards. However, samples from the Xijiang River, a major branch of the Pearl River system, show opposite trends, i.e., with slightly lower HREE values and higher La_N/Lu_N ratio than PAAS. The distribution of Nd isotopes in sediments from the northern South China Sea was controlled by the Pearl River and the inshore area of South China, respectively. The volume of ε_Nd(0) from inshore areas of southern China is apparently higher than that from the Pearl River, and ε_Nd(0) values in offshore sediments and Taiwan Island are between these values. The results clearly show that ε_Nd(0) volume in the northeastern South China Sea is higher than in the southwest part of the northern South China Sea, indicating different source rock types. The main source rock of the Pearl River sediment is carbonate types and affects sediment deposition in the southwest of the northern South China Sea, while the source rock in the inshore area of southern China, mainly Mesozoic and Cenozoic granites, contributes to sediments in the northeastern area of the northern South China Sea. Due to different source rock types, the HREE values and the volume of ε_Nd(0) in recent sediments supplied by the inshore area of southern China are higher than those from the Pearl River. Over 80% of the rapidly accumulated sediments on the northern slope of the South China Sea in the southeast of Dongsha Islands area were derived from Taiwan Island and from inshore areas of South China, with only less than 20% from the Pearl River. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 40276019, 40238060 and 40621063), and National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2007CB819501)     

Nd掺杂对ZnO带隙及染料敏化太阳能电池光电性能的影响

利用溶液法制备Nd掺杂ZnO,并通过X射线衍射(XRD)、紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)和光电流密度-光电压曲线研究Nd掺杂对ZnO带隙及染料敏化太阳能电池光电性能的影响.结果表明:Nd原子取代Zn原子掺杂到ZnO晶格中;Nd掺杂使ZnO带隙窄化,导致其UV-Vis谱吸收带边红移,且随着掺杂摩尔分数的增加,红移和窄化程度增大;掺杂Nd可提高电池的光电流及光电转换效率,当掺杂Nd的摩尔分数分别为0.5%,1.0%,1.5%时,其光电流密度分别为9.51,13.01,10.79mA/cm2,光电转换效率分别为2.28%,2.84%,2.48%.     

Ce0.6Zr0.35RE0.05O2（RE=Y，La，Nd，Pr）固溶体的性能研究

采用共沉淀法制备了不同稀土元素改性的Ce0.6Zr0.35RE0.05O2(RE=Y,La,Nd,Pr)固溶体,并用XRD,H2-TPR等方法对其晶相结构、还原性能和高温热稳定性进行研究.结果表明,稀土元素Y,La,Nd,Pr掺入Ce0.6Zr0.4O2固溶体,所形成的三元混合氧化物均为萤石型立方晶相结构的均相固溶体,并未出现所掺杂稀土氧化物的晶相,且高温老化后,物相结构稳定.与Ce0.6Zr0.4O2固溶体比较,稀土元素的掺杂,明显改善了其还原性能及高温热稳定性.     

改进溶胶-凝胶法制备超细纳米Ce0.8Nd0.2O2-δ复合氧化物的研究

采用常规和改进的柠檬酸溶胶-凝胶法(Sol-Gel)制备了Ce0.8Nd0.2O2-δ复合氧化物,通过XRD、TG-DSC和Raman对复合氧化物的结构进行表征.结果表明,改进的柠檬酸Sol-Gel法可制得晶粒更小的纳米Ce0.8Nd0.2O2-δ复合氧化物,N-800样品的平均晶粒仅为15.8nm,说明改进的方法有利于提高样品的抗烧结能力.两种Ce0.8Nd0.2O2-δ复合氧化物中均出现了归属于由氧缺位的不对称振动产生的位于550cm-1附近的Raman谱峰,表明固溶体的生成有利于促进氧缺位的形成.     

高性能烧结NdFeB磁体对辊"条片浇铸"新工艺

对辊“条片浇铸”新工艺，将NdFeB铸锭中出现树枝状a－Fe的最低稀土总含量降低到28．5wt％，且富Nd相分布更均匀，Br显著提高，工艺简化，适合批量生产48M档以上高性能烧结NdFeB磁体。     

一种新型简捷式疲劳裂纹修复仪概念设计

疲劳是零件或结构失效的主要原因.为此设计了一种操作灵活的新型疲劳裂纹修复仪,其可通过可编程控制器和机械臂实现自动工作.纳米材料在低于零件或结构熔点的温度下被用以修复裂纹.裂纹修复仪主要由机身、手柄、相机、喷嘴和活塞组成.其利用激光作为热源,温度传感器对温度进行检测并对纳米材料流通道进行控制.来自外部光源的激光通过喷嘴中心孔照射到工件裂纹处,喷嘴中心孔被粉末通道的出口环绕,粉末出口的方向和激光的焦点重合,在激光加热工件之后喷上粉末,并在材料沉积工序之后进行压力冲击.距离传感器能够使修复过程随着裂纹的发现和探测来进行.本设计结构紧凑,原理简单,可以高效完成裂纹修复.