水稻芒长及其分布特征相关QTL的定位

水稻芒的性状与驯化过程密切相关,具体表现为芒长短和芒的分布等．利用一个无芒品种越光（轮回亲本）和一个有芒品种Kasalath杂交产生的回交重组自交系群体,在上海、海南两地对芒长和芒的分布（芒出现比例）进行了相关分析及其相关基因（QTL）定位,结果发现这两个性状间存在显著的正相关．共检测到影响这两个性状的12个QTL,分布在6条染色体上的7个区域,贡献率介于2．90％-53．24％,其正效应大多来自有芒亲本Kasalath,但也有3个QTL正效应来自无芒亲本越光,并对这个现象产生的原因进行了讨论．本研究检测到的QTL及其两侧的分子标记可以用于水稻驯化的研究和理想型无芒品种分子辅助育种．     

QTL analysis of flag leaf in barley （Hordeum vulgate L.） for morphological traits and chlorophyll content

To understand genetic patterns of the morphological and physiological traits in flag leaf of barley, a double haploid （DH） population derived from the parents Yerong and Franklin was used to determine quantitative trait loci （QTL） controlling length, width, length/width, and chlorophyll content of flag leaves. A total of 9 QTLs showing significantly additive effect were detected in 8 intervals on 5 chromosomes. The variation of individual QTL ranged from 1.9% to 20.2%. For chlorophyll content expressed as SPAD value, 4 QTLs were identified on chromosomes 2H, 3H and 6H; for leaf length and width, 2 QTLs located on chromosomes 5H and 7H, and 2 QTLs located on chromosome 5H were detected; and for length/width, I QTL was detected on chromosome 7H. The identification of these QTLs associated with the properties of flag leaf is useful for barley improvement in breeding programs.     

肉牛数量性状基因座作图进展

连销图谱的发展为寻找和定位影响重要数量性状变异的基因提供了便利.迄今为止,候选基因法研究表明肌肉生长抑制素基因等可能就是生长和屠宰重性状的主基因,而基因组的统计工作揭示在肉牛的1、2、5、6、14、15、17、18、19、21、23、27和29号染色体上都存在重要性状的QTL,其中最有希望的QTL区域在2、5、6、15、19、27、29号染色体上。     

Molecular dissection of plant height QTLs using recombinant inbred lines from hybrids between common wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） and spelt wheat （Triticum spelta L.）

In wheat, plant height is an important agronomic trait, and a number of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling plant height have been located. In this study, using the conditional and unconditional QTL mapping methods, combined with data from five different growth stages over two years of field trials, the developmental behavior for plant height in wheat was dissected. Nine unconditional QTLs and 8 conditional QTLs were identified, of which 6 were detected by both methods. None of the 11 QTLs was detected at all of the 5 investigated developmental stages, but 7 QTLs were detected at certain stages in both years. Further analysis identified 9 unconditional QTLs at different stages, which could explain the phenotypic variation from 4.81% to 17.35%. It was noteworthy that one major QTL designated QHt-4B-2, which was located on chromosome 4B, was detected on May 18 and 25 in both years, and its genetic contributions to plant height ranged from 13.42% to 16.13%. Moreover, of the 8 conditional QTLs identified, six were detected in both years, in the order of QHt-3B→QHt-4B-1→QHt-4B-2→QHt-4D→QHt-5A and QHt-2B expressed at the same developmental stage. The results indicate that QTL expression during plant height development is selective and in a temporal order.     

[落羽杉×墨西哥落羽杉(墨杉)]×墨杉回交子代扦插生根性状的遗传变异及QTL定位

探索中山杉硬枝扦插生根性状的遗传规律及机理，指导中山杉的育种实践。     

Verification and fine-mapping of QTLs conferring days to flowering in soybean using residual heterozygous lines

The results of QTL mapping based on a primary mapping population should be further verified and refined for its real utilization in marker-assisted selection or map-based cloning.The primary mapping population contains 114 BC1F1 plants of the backcross between Essex (maturity group V,MG V) as the donor parent and ZDD2315 (MG II) as the recurrent parent.In this study,a genetic linkage map with 250 SSR markers spanning a total length of 2963.5 cM on 25 linkage groups (LG) was constructed using software MAPMAK...     

玉米种皮和穗轴中总酚含量的QTL分析

利用黑玉米自交系SDM作为父本,与黄玉米自交系MO17杂交,构建F2∶3群体,对玉米种皮中总酚含量(PCP)和穗轴中的总酚含量(PCC)进行了QTL分析.结果表明:SDM种皮和穗轴中总酚含量均极显著高于MO17,种皮和穗轴中的总酚含量呈极显著正相关.与玉米种皮和穗轴中总酚含量相关的QTL各检测到4个,分布在第4,6,7,9,10共5条染色体上,增效基因均来自父本SDM.其中位于第6和第10染色体上的4个QTL对表型的贡献率最大.控制种皮中总酚含量的2个QTL PCP-6a和PCP-10b分别解释表型变异的13.00%和17.05%,所在的标记区间分别为mmc0523-umc2006和umc1506-bnlg1028,基因作用方式分别为部分显性和加性.控制穗轴中总酚含量的2个QTL PCC-6a和PCC-10a分别解释表型变异的12.20%和21.10%,所在的标记区间分别为umc1014-mmc0523和umc1506-bnlg1028,基因作用方式均为部分显性.位于第6和第10染色体上控制2个性状的QTL可能是一因多效的同一QTL,也可能是紧密连锁的不同QTL.     

Identification and mapping of quantitative trait loci controlling cold-tolerance of Chinese common with rice （O.rufipogon Griff.） at booting to flowering stages

An advanced backcross population of rice was used to identify the quantitative trait locus(QTL) controlling the cold-tolerance at booting to flowering stages.The recipient,Guichao 2(GC2),was a commercial Indica rice;the donor Dongxiang common wild rice,was an accession of common wild rice(DXCWR,Oryza rufipogon Griff.).Three QTLs for cold-tolerance were detected on chromosomes 1,6 and 11.Two of them coming from DXCWR could enhance the cold-tolerance of the backcross progenies.Moreover,one sterility QTL that could reduce the seed set rate of the backcross progenies by 78% was mapped on chromosome5.     

Genetic analysis of rice allelopathy

A double haploid population derived from anther culture of ZYQ8/JX17,a typical indica and japonica hybrid,was used in this study.The inhibited effect of water-soluble extract of 123 DH pure lines leaves on the lettuce roots growth was investigated,and the QTLs analysis of rice allelopathy was carried out.Totally,four QTLs related to rice allelopathy were detected,and they were on chromosomes,3,9,10 and 12,respectively.The LOD scores were 3.40,2.68,2.75 and 3.08,respectivel.Among them,additive effects of the QTLs on chromosomes 3 and 10 were 1.65 and 1.43,on chromosomes 9 and 12 were-1.44 and -1.58 respectively.Allelopathy characteristics of another three common rice varieties were also studied.     

Comparative mapping of rice root traits in seedlings grown in nutrient or non-nutrient solution

The component and amount of nutrient in the growth medium are the major factors affecting root growth.For the systematic dissection of root gene expression,evaluation of nutrient and non-nutrient solutions was conducted for their effect on root traits and quantitative trait loci(QTL)mapping.Three rice root parameters,maximum root length(MRL),root dry weight(RDW),and root/ shoot ratio of dry weight(RSR),were characterized within a double haploid(DH)population from a cross of ZYQ8(indica)and JX17(japonica).The value of the three root traits in two parents all decreased under the nutrient condition compared to those under the nonnutrient condition,of which RSR decreased up to 2.6-fold on average.In the DH population,more than 70 % lines in MRL,94 % lines in RDW,and all the lines in RSR were scored lower.In total,eight QTLs were identified in nutrient system(5 from JX17 alleles and 3 from ZYQ8 alleles)while five QTLs were detected in non-nutrient system(4 from JX17 alleles and 1 from ZYQ8 alleles).Of them,one QTL for RSR was shared by both culturing systems,seven QTLs were specific in nutrient system and the other four QTLs were specific in non-nutrient system.All 13 QTLs were distributed over 7 rice chromosomes-2,3,4,5,6,9 and 10,respectively.