浅谈歧化反应及其方程式的简捷配平方法

本文总结了歧化反应的有关内容，并对其中的某些问题作了较好的解释。最后，西文给出了歧化反应方程式的简捷配平方法。     

β—环糊清用于槐角中芦丁的示波测定

在NaOH底液中,β-环糊精能在示波图上产生灵敏切口,且该切口深度随β-环糊精-芦丁包结物的形成而减小.利用β-环糊精及其与芦丁形成包结物的示波特性建立了二次微分简易示波伏安法测定中药槐角中的芦丁含量的新方法.测定芦丁的线性范围为5.0×10-7～6.5×10-6mol/L,回归方程为h(V)＝6.61-0.95×105c,相关系数r＝-0.998,检出限为3.0×10-7mol/L.对于3.500×10-8mol/L芦丁5次测定结果的RSD为2.8%,回收率为99.7%.与其他方法相比,本方法具有装置简单便宜、方法直观易行、样品不需要特殊处理等特点.此外,利用随客体分子的加入β-环糊精示波图的变化,可快速、直观的判断出主、客体间是否发生了包结反应,从而拓展了用电化学方法研究超分子包结物的范围.     

溶剂效应对卤代烃亲核取代反应的影响

从教学研究角度出发，具体分析了溶剂效应对卤代烃亲核取代反应速率的影响．从溶剂效应角度对亲核试剂的亲核能力及离去基团的离去能力进行了讨论．     

Studies of Several Systems with Air Electrode Electro-Synthesizing H2O2 on the Spot for Degrading Aniline in Aqueous

A gas diffusion electrode (air electrode) with a high current efficiency of electro-synthesizing H2O2 using O2 in air was prepared. The several systems with air electrode as cathode of electro-synthesizing H2O2 on the reaction spot for degrading aniline in aqueous--electro-Fenton system, photo-excitation electro-H2O2 system and photo-electro-Fenton system, were developed. The rates of decomposition of H2O2 and mineralization of aniline were experimentally measured respectively under different conditions, and the results indicated there has an excellent parallel relation between decomposition rate of H2O2 and mineralization rate of aniline. Especially, photo-electro-Fenton system, where H2O2 is decomposed the fastest, is the best system of oxidizing and degrading organic toxicants. Compared photo-electro-Fenton system with photo-Fenton system, important role is revealed in the interface of air electrode. In this paper, the mineralization mechanism of aniline in the photo-electro-Fenton system was also discussed.