低能重离子对DNA单链断裂的定量测定及注量效应曲线的分析

比较了低能Ｎ＾＋离子注入和＾６０Ｃｏ－γ射线所致小牛胸腺ＤＮＡ单链断裂的差异,并用辐射生物学多种数学模型拟合分析了它们的量效关系。从ＤＮＡｓｓｂ的角度得到了“以鞍型”曲线的实验证据,结果表明;Ｎ＾＋离子注入的量效曲线,明显不同于常规电离辐射;γ辐照的量效关系呈指数型,其单位剂量的ＤＮＡｓｓｂ在不同剂量下基本保持在一定水平,而注量Ｎ＾＋离子的ＤＮＡｓｓｂ在低注量区存在一个明显的峰值,然后迅速下降并维     

案例分析中的DNA计算

DNA计算是一种模拟生物分子DNA的结构并借助于分子生物技术进行计算的新方法，开创了以化学反应作为计算工具的先例，为解决NP—完全问题提供了一种全新的途径。案例分析中常用到离散数学中的逻辑演算，特别是在信息处理方面。在基于表面的DNA计算中采用了荧光标记策略，解决了案例分析中的一个问题，尝试了DNA计算在案例分析中的应用。且这种方法具有编码简单；耗材底；操作时间短；技术先进的优点。     

Characteristics of the binding features of Nelin with F-actin and screening Nelin interactive proteins

The interaction of nelin, a cardiac-specific expressed protein of human novel gene nelin, with F-actin was studied by both F-actin cosedimentation in vitro and colocalization assays. The results showed that nelin is a new F-actin binding protein and is colocolized with F-actin in cytoplasm of cells. Three new nelin binding proteins, filamin C subtype, titin N2B subtype and inter-alpha trypsin inhibitor heavy chain precursor (ITIH), were identified from human heart cDNA library using yeast two-hybrid screening. The binding activity of filamin C with nelin was confirmed by coimmunoprecipitation. Filamin C binds to nelin through its C-terminal region. It is indicated that nelin is a cytoskeleton associated protein and acts as a membrane-cytoskeleton associated protein involved in the formation of focal adhesions.     

Analysis of components of conserved “backbone sequences”among genomes of Shigella spp. strains

Difference in the genomic compositions of prokaryotes is the basis of the diversity in their biological characters. However, besides their flora-or strain-specific genes,those floras with closer relationship in the evolution also have conserved “backbone sequences”, which reveal the marks of their origin and evolution, and these “backbone sequences”are just the basis of their elementary living abilities and common biological properties. Shigella is very closely related to E. coli in the origin and evolution, and may turn out to belong to the same genus. In this study, a microarray containing E. coli K-12 whole genome and Sf301 specific ORFs is used to investigate the genomic components of four Shigella strains. The results indicate that 16%-22% K-12 ORFs sequences are not detected in the genome of Shigella strains while the genome of Shigella contains at least 2800 conserved ORFs, which compose the common “backbone sequences”.Advanced analysis indicated that the “backbone sequences”are the essential components in maintaining the normal physiological activities of intestinal bacteria. Furthermore,only 20% Sf301-specific ORFs exist in other strains simultaneously, which demonstrate the great genome heterogeneity and the genetic diversity among the strains.     

最大集团问题的DNA计算机进化算法

进化算法是克服DNA计算中穷举法极限的可能途径之一. 借用生物进化的概念, 设计了可用于DNA计算的进化算法来求解最大集团问题. 算法中所有的操作都可以在今天的分子生物技术水平上实现. 计算机模拟实验表明使用这种进化算法有可能由一个小的样本空间得到问题的解, 而不必穷举所有可能情况. 对于随机生成的问题, 这种进化算法能以高概率在很少的进化循环数内正确地给出问题的解. 结果显示这种进化算法所需的时间随问题的规模呈多项式增长, 这可能使DNA计算机在求解复杂问题时比传统电子计算机拥有更多的优势.     

检测线粒体DNA SNPs的快速测定法--引物延伸-飞行时间质谱法

用PCR扩增出人类mtDNA HV Ⅰ区443bp片段作为模板,以nt16093位点特异的引物进行引物延伸反应。产物经纯化后利用MALDI-TOF质谱技术进行检测,从而建立起引物延伸—飞行时间质谱法快速检测SNPs的技术,并用该法对人类mtDNA HV Ⅰ区SNPs位点nt16093的T／C多态性进行频率调查。结果为广州地区汉族人群的mtDNA HV Ⅰ区多态位点nt16093T型的频率为89．6％,C型的频率为10．4％。并且发现3例异质性。     

Pitfalls in the analysis of ancient human mtDNA

The retrieval of DNA from ancient human specimens is not always successful owing to DNA deterioration and contamination although it is vital to provide new insights into the genetic structure of ancient people and to reconstruct the past history. Normally, only short DNA fragments can be retrieved from the ancient specimens. How to identify the authenticity of DNA obtained and to uncover the information it contained are difficult. We employed the ancient mtDNAs reported from Central Asia (including Xinjiang, China) as an example to discern potentially extraneous DNA contamination based on the updated mtDNA phylogeny derived from mtDNA control region, coding region, as well as complete sequence information. Our results demonstrated that many mtDNAs reported are more or less problematic.Startim, from a reliable mtDNA phylogeney and combining the available modern data into analysis, one can ascertain the authenticity of the ancient DNA, distinguish the potential errors in a data set, and efficiently decipher the meager information it harbored. The reappraisal of the mtDNAs with the age of more than 2000 years from Central Asia gave support to the suggestion of extensively (pre)historical gene admixture in this region.     

Cloning and expressional analyses of a cinnamoyl CoA reductase cDNA from rice seedlings

Cinnamoyl CoA reductase (CCR: EC 1.2.1.44),the entry-point enzyme of the llgnin specific biosynthetic pathway, catalyzes the conversion of cinnamoyl CoA esters to their corresponding dnnamaldehydes. Multiple sequence alignment showed that the deduced polypeptide shared 70% similarity and 30% sequence identity at the amino acid level with defined CCR genes from other plant species and they all contain the common signature sequences thought to be the catalytic site as well as the putative NADP binding domain.Using a conserved OsCCR cDNA fragment as the probe for library screening, we isolated the genomic DNA that covered the whole coding region of OsCCR with total length of 3045bp including 4 introns and 5 exons. The open reading frame for our OsCCR gene coBtAin~ 337 amino adds. Northern blot indicated that OsCCR was expressed in different organs with the highest level found in stems. In situ hybridization results showed that OsCCR mRNA was localized mainly along the vascular bundles in stems and leaves, and also in lateral roots that was differentiating from the tiilering node. We conclude that the vascular-localized expression of OsCCR gene may suggest its possible involvement in llgnin biosynthesis. Cloning and characterization of OsCCR will help to clarify how llgniflcations in plants are regulated and will provide a physical basis for creating genetically engineered rice plants with optimal lignin contents.