盐酸中CPB在铝表面上的吸附行为

采用腐蚀失重法研究了溴代十六烷基吡啶（ＣＰＢ）对铝在盐酸介质中的缓蚀行为。通过Ｘ射线光电子能谱的测定及ＣＰＢ在铝表面上吸附热力学函数的计算,确定了ＣＰＢ与金属铝表面之间发生的是物理吸附,并且服从Ｌａｎｇｍｕｉｒ吸附等温式。     

用微分极化电阻测量技术研究有机添加剂对铝的缓蚀作用

在30℃至50℃范围内,在1mol·1~(-1)MgCl_2电解液体系中,用微分极化电阻测量技术和微分电容测量技术研究十二烷基三甲基碘化铵(DTMAI)添加剂对铝的阳极过程的缓蚀作用。结果表明:DTMAI是铝的有效缓蚀剂,缓蚀效率随着浓度和温度的增加而增加;DTMAI吸附在铝表面上,且吸附服从Langmuir等温式。这种吸附的特点是吸附过程的总熵增加,且总熵变随温度升高而增加。温度对缓蚀效率的影响是由于熵效应而不是焓效应。因此,DTMAI在铝表面上的这种吸附作用是其具有良好缓蚀作用的基本原因。     

形变工艺对铝合金超塑性延伸率的影响

采用硬铝LY12研究了超塑性形变工艺,得出:(1)预先以最佳超塑性应变速度形变30～100%,然后以1.67×10~(-3)s~(-1)速度继续变形;(2)预先以1.07×10~(-2)s~(-1)速度延伸25%,然后以最佳超塑性应变速度继续变形.两种工艺均可在获得较大超塑性延伸率的情况下,使超塑性成形速度提高一倍以上。     

铝合金齿轮油泵泵体挤压铸造工艺研究

本文叙述了铝合金挤压铸造的工艺参数选择以及加压作用对铝硅合金油泵泵体铸件内部组织和机械性能的影响,试验证明,采用挤压铸造新工艺可以获得优质的铝合金泵体铸件。     

铝对人体健康的危害及防治

对铝在人体内的分布、铝对人体健康的影响、铝的致毒机理、铝的污染来源、铝污染的防治措施等问题进行了较系统地阐述.人体内铝的过量存在及形态转化会影响人体对某些无机元素和有机元素的吸收,引发多种疾病和生理功能障碍.Al3+对ATPase、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、钙调蛋白活化的红细胞膜Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase的活性均有抑制作用,并在神经原微纤维缠结内与DNA有较强的亲和力,是铝中毒的重要机制.从生态环境和人的日常生活两方面提出了防治措施.     

铝合金的激光焊接

叙述了在铝合金激光焊接中如何改善熔化性、选择工艺参数、防止热裂纹及气孔等缺陷的措施和方法。铝合金激光焊接焊缝金属微观组织特征及微观偏析不仅与合金本身有关系，而且焊接条件对其有很大影响；铝合金焊缝硬度与合金元素含量、焊接工艺条件之间有着密切关系。     

Anomalies in mid-high-temperature linear thermal expansion coefficient of the closed-cell aluminum foam

Low-density closed-cell aluminum foam is promising to be used as load-bearing and thermal insulation components. It is necessary to systematically study its thermal expansion performance. In this work, linear thermal expansion coefficient(LTEC) of the closed-cell aluminum foam of different density was measured in the temperature range of 100–500 °C. X-ray fluorescence was used to analyze elemental composition of the cell wall material. Phase transition characteristics were analyzed with X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry. LTEC of the closed-cell aluminum foam was found to be dominated by its cell wall property and independent of its density. Particularly, two anomalies were found and experimentally analyzed. Due to the release of the residual tensile stress, the LTEC declined and even exhibited negative values. After several thermal cycles, the residual stress vanished. With temperature higher than 300 °C,instantaneous LTEC showed hysteresis, which should result from the redistribution of some residual hydrogen in the Ti2Al20 Ca lattice.     

新型铝合金防撞护栏安全性对比研究

为满足城市桥梁维修加固的美观与可持续发展需求,新型铝合金防撞护栏成为一种新颖形式,为保证其具备足够的安全性能,需对其安全性能进行综合评价。本文以某实际工程为背景,以原传统型钢护栏为基础,提出了采用不同立柱间距的两种新型铝合金防撞护栏方案,通过理论分析、数值模拟相结合的方法对栏杆、立柱及基础螺栓在汽车碰撞荷载下的承载能力、使用性能进行了综合评价。研究结论表明：1m立柱间距的新型铝合金护栏可以替代传统的型钢结构护栏,具有安全性保障。可见本文研究成果可为铝合金安全护栏的推广应用提供技术支持。     

Effects of Sr addition on the microstructures and mechanical properties of in-situ ZrB_2 nanoparticles reinforced AlSi9Cu3 composites

The effects of Sr addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of in-situ ZrB_2 nanoparticles reinforced AlSi9Cu3 composites synthesized via direct melt reaction were systematically investigated. The addition of Sr could modify the morphology of eutectic silicon particles and refine the second dendrite arm spacing of α-Al dendrites.Alternatively, the ZrB_2 nanoparticles were also refined and distributed more homogenously, and nanoparticle agglomerations were reduced with the addition of Sr element. The results demonstrated that the addition of 0.06 wt% of Sr element can reach the optimal refinement of the second dendrite arm spacing of α-Al and the modification of eutectic Si. In this case, the ultimate tensile strength, yield strength and elongation reached 330 MPa, 226 MPa and 15.70%, respectively, which were remarkably enhancement in comparison with the base alloy.     

氧化铝颗粒含量及粒径对固体火箭发动机喷焰流场参数分布的影响

建立了固体火箭发动机喷焰的气固两相流计算模型,对不同Al2O3颗粒含量及粒径喷焰流场的两相流进行了数值模拟。研究了固相颗粒Al2O3对发动机喷焰流场参数分布的影响。结果表明:Al2O3颗粒含量的增大会使喷焰流场的温度升高、速度降低,特别在轴线处表现的尤为明显。Al2O3颗粒粒径越小,其随流性越好,在喷焰中更加分散,喷焰轴线处的温度随着Al2O3颗粒粒径的增大而升高;当平均粒径相同时,喷焰流场参数分布还受Al2O3颗粒粒度分布规律的影响。