贵州黄平铁厂沟铝土矿床沉积特征

通过对黔东南黄平铁厂沟铝土矿区大井、包老及鞭炮厂三个剖面沉积特征进行研究,发现大井剖面中以砾石、豆粒结构为主,致密块状构造少见,反映其形成环境为靠近河流入湖处;包老剖面广泛发育致密状与碎屑状铝土矿韵律,两者之间呈突变接触关系,说明其形成于靠近河道的湖岸环境或河流的漫流或片流入湖环境,为间歇性供给的产物;鞭炮厂剖面中以致密状铝土岩(矿)为主,揭示其形成于水体宁静的较深湖环境.三条剖面沉积特征反映成矿时古地理格局为北高南低的态势,成矿物质由河流从研究区北部带入湖泊或入湖口堆积成矿,因此,研究区北部是找铝土矿的优势区域.     

Transmission of oxygen isotope signals of precipitation-soil water-drip water and its implications in Liangfeng Cave of Guizhou,China

According to systemically monitoring results of oxygen （hydrogen） isotope compositions of precipitation, soil waters, soil CO2, cave drip waters and their corresponding speleothems in Liangfeng Cave （LFC） in Guizhou Province, Southwest China, it is found that local precipitation is the main source of soil waters and drip waters, and that the amplitudes of those δ18O values of three waters （precipitation, soil water and drip water） decrease in turn in the observed year, which are 0‰ to -10‰, -2‰ to -9‰ and -6‰ to -8‰, respectively. Moreover, the δ18O values for three waters show a roughly simultaneous variation, namely, that those values are lighter in the rainy seasons, weightier in the dry seasons, and that the average δ18O value of drip waters is about 0.3‰ weightier than that of precipitation, which is modified by surface evaporation processes. We also find that oxygen isotope equilibrium is reached or neared in the formation processes of speleothems in LFC system, and that it is feasible to reconstruct paleotemperature and paleoprecipitation by using δ18O values of speleothems. However, it should be noted that surface evaporation would affect the oxygen isotope values in the study area.     

Three-dimensional fluorescence spectral characteristics of dissolved organic carbon in cave drip waters and their responses to environment changes: Four cave systems as an example in Guizhou Province,China

Understanding the responses of fluorescence spectral characteristics of cave drip waters to modern environment and climate changes is key to the reconstructions of environmental and climatic changes using fluorescence spectral characteristics of speleothems. The fluorescence spectral characteristics of dissolved organic carbon （DOC） in four active cave systems were analyzed with a three-dimensional （3D） fluorescence spectral analysis method. We found that the fluorescence types of DOC were mainly of fulvic-like and protein-like fluorescences, both in soil waters and cave drip waters. The intensity of fulvic-like fluorescence was positively correlated with the concentrations of DOC, suggesting that the DOC of cave drip waters was derived from the overlying soil layer of a cave system. Compared with the other cave systems, the variation range of the excitation and emission wavelengths for fulvic-like fluorescence of cave drip waters in Liangfeng cave system that had forest vegetation was smaller and the excitation wavelength was longer, while its fluorescence intensity varied significantly. By contrast, the excitation and emission wavelengths and fluorescence intensity for that in Jiangjun cave system that had a scrub and tussock vegetation showed the most significant variation, while its excitation wavelength was shorter. This implies that the variation of vegetation overlying a cave appears to be a factor affecting the fluorescence spectral characteristics of cave drip waters.     

利用微卫星标记分析贵州水牛的遗传多样性

通过对贵州水牛的遗传多样性进行分析,为正确评估贵州水牛的资源价值、制定合理可行的保种方案提供理论依据.利用11对多态性较高的微卫星引物对贵州7个水牛群体的有效等位基因数、基因杂合度、多态信息含量和遗传距离进行分析.贵州7个水牛群体的平均有效等位基因数、平均杂合度和平均多态信息含量分别为4.0823～4.8951、0.7450～0.7922和0.7021～0.7605;遗传距离最远的黔南水牛和毕节水牛为0.3084;由UPGMA聚类法将贵州7个水牛群体聚为4类.贵州水牛遗传多样性丰富,具有较好的遗传潜力;对贵州水牛的划分比传统分类法更能反映实际的生态地理环境及其历史形成状况.     

贵州有机农业发展探讨——以花溪区为例

花溪区地处贵阳市南郊,是贵州典型的城郊农业区．本文以花溪区为例,通过分析有机农业在花溪发展的必要性和可行性,指出了贵州实行有机农业存在的问题,提出了相应的解决对策．结论表明：发展有机农业是贵州脱贫致富的必然选择．     

贵州农民素质现状及提高措施

农民素质水平的高低将直接决定全面实现农村小康社会的步伐。通过研究认为,当前贵州农民的综合素质偏低、文化素质不高,科技素质、身体素质不容乐观,心理素质、思想道德素质偏差,法律意识、生态意识淡薄。在农村加强文化教育、大力发展医疗卫生事业,思想道德教育和法制教育,是贵州农民素质提高的关键。     

贵州省生态旅游发展规划

生态旅游是一种正在迅速发展的新兴旅游形式.贵州旅游资源的优势在于拥有大量的生态旅游资源,但同时贵州又是自然生态环境非常脆弱的地区.因此,兼顾经济发展与自然保护双重目标的生态旅游应成为贵州旅游开发的最佳选择.本文分析了贵州发展生态旅游的优势及所面临的主要问题,并提出了相应的对策措施.     

下寒武统宽背虫(Bathynotus)的灭绝过程——以贵州剑河八郎凯里组的Bathynotus kueichouensis为例

宽背虫(Bathynotus)这一传统早寒武世或寒武纪第2世晚期最重要的三叶虫属,广泛分布于全球寒武纪3个生物大区,为区域地层对比的标准化石.Bathynotus在贵州剑河八郎乌溜-曾家崖剖面凯里组下部极为丰富.该剖面已成为全球寒武系第2统和第3统界线层型候选剖面,表明凯里组是一个穿时的地层单元,其3个三叶虫带最下部一个带为Bathynotus holopygus-Ovatoryctocara granulata.经过逐层大量的化石标本采集统计证实,乌溜-曾家崖剖面宽背虫(Bathynotus)在距凯里组底部51.60 m处骤然绝灭,距寒武系第2统的顶界(距凯里组底52.80 m)只有1.20 m.本文就乌溜-曾家崖剖面凯里组下部宽背虫(Bathynotus)的数量分布变化认为其灭绝过程是逐步的.     

汞在自燃煤矸石风化土壤及其农作物中的异常富集

基于冷原子荧光测定方法对贵州土城煤矿煤矸石风化土壤及农作物中挥发性元素汞的分布规律及其环境效应进行了研究。结果表明,不同风化程度煤矸石土壤中汞含量没有明显的变化规律,平均含量为0．183±0．068μg/g,略高于土壤背景值。但在自燃过的煤矸石风化土壤及受其淋滤影响的下部土壤中汞却表现为异常富集,其平均含量高达1．627±0．294μg/g．这些土壤中汞的植物可利用性也很高,在部分农作物中汞含量超过了国家标准食品汞限量值。     

论贵州省级风景名胜区的保护与利用——以下司省级风景名胜区为例

面对贵州省省级风景名胜区所面临的问题,以下司省级风景名胜区为例,详细的剖析了产生问题的原因,根据目前风景区管理的具体情况,提出了解决问题的基本办法,处理好风景名胜区的保护与开发建设的关系。