纳米技术在药物传递方面的应用

纳米技术在生物医药方面发挥了越来越重要的作用。在药物传递方面,纳米粒子作为药物载体,可使其具有靶向性,并可控制其缓释能力、通透性及作用时间。本文对纳米粒子作为药物载体的研究进展及其应用,包括脂质体、聚合物、磁性纳米粒子、纳米金和纳米乳剂等进行了综述。     

早餐喝豆浆并非人人适宜

很多的中小学生早餐喜欢喝豆浆。但是,喝豆浆是有讲究的,并非人人适宜。据广州军区广州总医院营养科主任邱小文介绍说,传统医学认为,豆浆性平偏寒而滑利,平素胃寒,饮后有发闷、反胃、嗳气、吞酸的人,脾虚易腹泻、腹胀的人以及夜间尿频的人,均不宜饮用豆浆。因此,在食用豆浆的时候要注意以下六点：①不能与药物同饮。有些药物会破坏豆浆里的营养成分,如四环素、红霉素等抗生素药物。     

对抗细菌感染的新策略

细菌耐药性问题已经成为全球关注的热点问题。解决细菌耐药性问题需要多学科专家的共同努力。本书是由来自不同领域的国际一线专家撰写的一本内容丰富的专著,提供了包括细菌耐药性机制、开发新抗菌药物的方法和大量有活性的天然产物的资料。     

竹红菌素类光动力药物

竹红菌素作为一类新型的光动力药物,与卟啉类化合物相比,具有化学组成单一、易纯化等优点．文章综述了近年来竹红菌素类光动力药物的研究进展,包括竹红菌素的化学修饰和物理包裹,并对其未来的研究方向作了展望．     

Progress in modifications and applications of fluorescent dye probe

This review summarizes the labeling technology and applications of fluorescent dye probe in biology, especially the characteristics, modifications and applications of cyanine dyes. Based on the currently available modification methods of fluorescent dye probe, we discuss the studies of enhancing the water-solubility,improving the degree of biocompatibility and target-labeling, increasing the sensitivity and decreasing the toxicity of fluorescent dye. We also give a brief introduction on the modification method, that the fluorescent dye is directly introduced onto cell surfaces by amine derivatives or azides to intensify the transferring information of aberrant cells. We suggest that fluorescent dye modified with chitosan oligosaccharide can obviously increase the degree of biocompatibility and target-labeling, and decrease the degree of toxicity.     

Thermal ablation versus conventional regional hyperthermia has greater anti-tumor activity against melanoma in mice by upregulating CD4~+ cells and enhancing IL-2 secretion

To determine whether conventional hyperthermia (42-45℃) or ablation therapy (＞50℃) achieves better synergistic effects on direct cytotoxicity and anti-tumor immunity,we compared the therapeutic effects of two hyperthermia temperatures,43 and 55℃,in terms of cytotoxicity and upregulation of immune functions in a mouse malignant melanoma model.Melanoma-bearing mice were treated by directly applying regional hyperthermia to the tumor nodule with a heating light at a temperature of 43℃ for 30 min or 55℃ for 10 min.The tumor growth curve and mice survival rate were observed.To investigate the hyperthermia-induced immunological response,peripheral blood CD4~+ and CD8~+ T cells and the serum IL-2 level were determined.Our results indicated that application of regional hyperthermia at the ablation temperature (such as 55℃) achieved better synergistic anti-tumor effects than did conventional hyperthermia (43℃).Significant increases in the number of peripheral blood CD4~+ T cells and the serum IL-2 level likely contributed to the underlying mechanism.     

Design and optimization of a linker for fusion protein construction

Bivalent, bispecific single-chain antibody fusion protein construction appears to be a promising tool for tumor therapy. One of its drawbacks is that the function and activity of the fusion proteins have varied affinity and/or anti-tumor activity compared with the original molecules from which they are derived. A more optimized linker for fusion proteins would confer more favorable biological activities upon bispecific single-chain antibodies. Thus, it is critical to design and optimize an inter-peptide linker. With different functional domains and optimized linkers, fusion proteins provide a solid base for targeted immune therapy for malignancies. In this paper, we review the inter-peptide linker studies and the design of an optimized linker using genetic algorithms. The spatial structure of the fusion protein can be predicted by using genetic and bioinformatics research. Based on current research, the future focus will be on different correlation models to perform simulations of spatial structures and drug molecule design.     

缩氨基硫脲类化合物的合成及生物活性研究

缩氨基硫脲类化合物具有广泛的抗肿瘤、抗菌、抗病毒、抗结核菌及抗疟疾等生物活性,特别是它显著的抗菌、抗病毒和抗肿瘤等．活性引起了人们的极大兴趣．因此,缩氨基硫脲类化合物在医药和农药中起着越来越重要的作用．本文对最近有关缩氨基硫脲化合物的合成及生物活性研究方面的工作进行了综述,并对今后的研究进行了展望．     

复方龙瞿提取液的安全性研究

通过分析药物半数致死量(LD50)是检测药物安全性的常规方法, 并运用家兔刺激性试验检测了复方龙瞿提取液能否注射给药. 灌胃给予小白鼠不同剂量的复方龙瞿提取液, 常规饲养一周后统计, 结果: MIC=19600mg/BW, LD100= 37800.56mg/BW;镜检小白鼠的内脏器官, 无明显的损坏现象. 给予家兔浓度为30%、60%、90%的复方龙瞿提取液2ml分别于12、24、48h后处死并观察肌肉的反应情况;结果显示家兔肌肉刺激性试验中肌肉平均反应级数为1级. 结论: 复方龙瞿提取液是低毒性的药物, 并可以通过肌肉注射的方式给药.     

侧面电极循环伏安法测定动物源食品中磺胺类药物残留

报导了一种侧面旋转玻碳电极在循环伏安法测定动物源食品中磺胺类药残留中的应用。对侧面玻碳旋转电极的性能进行了测试．讨论了侧面电极表面的扩散层的性质。结果表明：侧面玻碳端面双碳触点旋转电极信噪比高．传质速度快,抗氢波干扰能力强．测量20μg／L浓度水平磺胺类药物的相对标准偏差为2．26％．检出限为1．0μg/L,线性范用为20～500μg/L,回收率为92．13％.