甘蓝磷酯酶D HKD2功能区基因片段的克隆与反义表达载体的构建

以甘蓝(Brassiaca oleracea)为材料，取幼叶分离mRNA，反转录合成cDNA，以cDNA第一链为模板，通过PCR扩增，获得甘蓝磷酯酶D(Phosphorate　Lipid　Dehydrolase，PLD)HKD2功能区的基因片段．对其进行Blast分析，结果表明，分离的目的片段核苷酸序列与Genbank中报道的甘蓝PLD基因相比同源率为99．7％，只有2个碱基发生改变．将得到的PLD基因片段插入植物表达载体pAT940，构建了PLD基因反义表达载体pATC—rPLD，为下一步进行抗逆转基因作物选育打下基础．     

经深冷处理提高黄铜耐盐水腐蚀性

黄铜常作为制冰盐水池蒸发器，载冷剂溶液蒸发器，舰船海水冷凝器的管子材料。以往，为了提高黄铜冷凝管耐腐蚀性所采取的方法有加保护电流，牺牲阳极等措施。本文通过实验研究得出经深冷处理过的黄铜比未经深冷处理的黄铜有更耐腐蚀性的结论。     

华北汛期降水多尺度特征与夏季风年代际衰变

研究了近50年华北汛期降水的频谱结构和演变特征及其与夏季风衰变之间的关系. 小波分析表明华北汛期(7~9月)降水年际尺度成分约占总方差的85%, 其演变代表了华北降水的基本走势. 近30年降水年际尺度部分发生了很大变化, 准5年谱消失, 准2年谱逐渐减弱, 1977年后降水年际变化十分微弱. 与此同时, 夏季风也呈现明显的年代际衰减. 计算表明, 华北汛期850 hPa平均经向风的演变以年代际尺度成分为主, 其演变特征与汛期降水非常相似, 且与降水序列及其年际尺度序列都呈显著正相关, 说明华北夏季风的年代际衰变可能是华北干旱的主要原因之一. 此外, 伴随20世纪60和70年代东亚季风的两次年代际突变, 我国大部分地区都出现了年代尺度的旱、涝更替, 而华北却从20世纪60~70年代的部分地区少雨发展成80~90年代的严重干旱.     

耐氧耐酸双歧杆菌的选育

采用驯化和紫外线诱变两种方法选育双歧杆菌耐氧耐酸菌株 .结果表明 ,通过诱变的方法选育耐氧耐酸菌株效果较为理想 .与原始菌株相比 ,将诱变菌株接种于pH 4.5的液体培养基中 ,在有氧或无氧条件下培养 ,个体形态均由短杆状变成球状 ,生长速度加快 ,在 36h时均达到最大活菌量 ,而且衰亡速度也明显减缓 ,在 72h时仍保持较高的活菌量 .     

变频电机绝缘材料破坏机理的探讨及新型绝缘材料的制备

对变频电机中电磁线绝缘材料过早破坏机理的研究现状进行了总结，并对影响变频电机电磁线绝缘材料寿命的最主要的影响因素进行了讨论．通过纳米材料改性制备了一种新型绝缘材料，改善了电磁线的耐电晕性能，提高了电磁线的耐变频寿命．     

抗虫耐旱高产杂交棉湘文1号选育报告

长期以来,棉铃虫、红铃虫的危害,棉区干旱问题,一直是制约棉花增产的主要因素,因此选育出抗虫耐旱杂交棉新品种是当务之急．湘文1号杂交棉具有高产,铃大,吐絮畅等优点,又具有抗虫耐旱、耐病等重要特性．1选育经过1993年从种植泗棉2号棉花品种的田块中,发现变异单株,经三年的提纯复壮,表现出植株高大,茎杆光滑,叶     

我国现代节水农业前沿技术研究与发展趋势

现代节水农业前沿技术围绕作物生理需水与用水、精量控制灌溉等领域,对现代节水农业前沿技术开展原创性研究。通过对水-土-植物关系、干旱条件下植物根信号传输和气孔反应的机制、干旱胁迫锻炼对植物超补偿功能的刺激等问题的研究,带来农业节水原理与技术的创新,促进节水农业新     

渗透调节物质在作物干旱逆境中的作用

干旱逆境下参与作物渗透调节的物质主要有无机渗透调节离子K 、Ca2 、Mg2 和有机渗透调节物质可溶性糖、脯氨酸、甜菜碱等.干旱逆境下作物积累渗透调节物质可以维持细胞膨压、促进光合作用、参与作物体内活性氧自由基的清除,提高逆境下作物的收获指数和产量.     

Sr-Nd isotope geochemistry of eolian dust of the arid-semiarid areas in China： Implications for loess provenance and monsoon evolution

Strontium (Sr) is a divalent alkaline earth element. Its ionic radius (0.113 nm) is slightly larger than that of calcium (0.099 nm), and Sr thus substitutes isomor- phously for Ca in many minerals. Neodymium (Nd) is a rare earth element. Its chemical prop…     

Some evidence of drying trend over northern China from 1951 to 2004

The surface wetness index, Palmer drought sererity index and the retrieval of soil moisture over China were calculated using monthly precipitation and monthly mean surface air temperature. Based on the contrast analysis of the variation of the above three indices and precipitation, the dry/wet spatio-temporal pattern of northern China in the last 54 years was revealed, and the evidence of drying trend over northern China was analyzed, especially. The results show the following four facts: (1) The drying trend is the main characteristic of the eastern part of Northwest China and the central part of North China since the 1980s and it was enhanced in the last 15 years mainly due to the precipitation decrease and the temperature increase; (2) During the last 54 years, there was only one dry/wet shift at the interdecadal scale occurring in the eastern part of Northwest China and the central part of North China in the late 1970s, which was related to 1977/1978 global abrupt change, whereas there were three shifts in Northeast China, one was in the mid 1990s and the other two were in 1965 and 1983, respectively; (3) Unlike the variation trend of other subregions of northern China, the western part of Northwest China is currently located in a relatively wetting period, which is weak-ened due to the temperature increase; (4) The extreme drought frequency is obviously increasing in the eastern part of Northwest China, the central part of North China and Northeast China since the 1980s, which is closely related to the precipitation decrease and temperature increase in these subregions.