《红豺》的生态伦理学解读

生态伦理学是在生态文化的学术背景下兴起的一门学科.文章试图从生态伦理学的学科角度来解读土家族作家李传锋的动物小说力作<红豺>,探讨和挖掘<红豺>中"尊重物种的生命,呼唤人与自然和谐相处"的生态伦理追求.     

认知科学的某些计算理论

本文简述认知科学的历史，定义和范围，评论感知觉，学习和记忆的一些现代理论模型，提出若干有待进一步解决的关键问题。     

Samples Selection for Artificial Neural Network Training in Preliminary Structural Design

An artificial neural network (ANN) is applied in the preliminary structural design of reticulated shells. Major efforts are made to enhance the generalization ability of networks through well-selected training samples. Number-theoretic methods (NTMs) are adopted to generate samples with low discrepancy, i.e.uniformly scattered in the domain, where discrepancy is a quantitative measurement of the uniformity. The discrepancy of the NTM-based sample set is 1/6-1/7 that of samples with equal spacing. In a case study,networks trained by NTM-based samples are compared with those trained by equal-spaced samples in generalizing performance. The results show that both the computational precision and stability of the former ANNs are more satisfactory than those of the latter. It is concluded that the flexibility of ANNs in generalizing can be effectively increased by use of uniformly distributed training samples rather than simply piling data.More reliable uniformity should be obtained, however, through NTMs instead of equal-spaced samples.     

人类脑计划:神经科学领域划时代的里程碑

人类脑计划 (ｈｕｍａｎｂｒａｉｎｐｒｏｊｅｃｔ)是继人类基因组计划之后又一国际性科研大计划 ,其核心内容是神经信息学 (ｎｅｕｒｏｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｃｓ)。神经信息学是神经科学和信息科学交叉的新兴边缘学科 ,它的目标是利用现代化信息工具 ,使神经科学家和信息学家能够将脑的结构和功能研究结果联系起来 ,建立神经信息学数据库和有关神经系统所有数据的全球知识管理系统 ,将不同层次有关脑的研究数据进行检索、比较、分析、整合、建模和仿真 ,绘制出脑功能、结构和神经网络图谱 ,从而解决目前神经科学所面临的海量数据问题 ,从基因…     

美国：自行生长肌肉的微型机器

美国一家实验室研制出一种微型机器，能够凭借自身生长的肌肉行走。这项发明可能被用于研制神经刺激器，使瘫痪病人不用呼吸器就能呼吸：或者用于研制纳米机器人，来清除血管内的脂肪斑。     

牵正散合补阳还五汤治疗面神经炎

面神经炎，亦称Bell麻痹或特发性面神经麻痹，为面神经管内面神经的非化脓性炎症导致的一种急性周围性面瘫。临床表现为患者面神经周围性麻痹，一般起病急，一侧口角歪斜及眼闭合不全，流泪，发音不清，病侧额纹消失，不能皱额、皱眉、吹口哨、鼓腮等动作，病变在膝状神经节时，     

Cu（Ⅱ） effect on the conformation of regenerated silk fibroin in dilute aqueous solution

Much attention has been paid to the natural mechanism of silkworm spinning due to the impressive mechanical properties of the natural fibers. In this work, we studied the effect of Cu（Ⅱ） ions on the secondary structure of Bombyx mori regenerated silk fibroin （SF） in dilute solution by circular dichroism （CD）. The results indicate that a given amount of Cu（Ⅱ） induces the SF conformational transition from random coil to β-sheet, however, further addition of Cu（Ⅱ） is unfavorable for this conversion. Meanwhile, the conformational changes induced by Cu（Ⅱ） follow a nucleation-dependent aggregation mechanism, which is similar to that found in Prion protein （PrP） denaturation and Aβ-peptide aggregations, leading to the neurodegenerative disease. This work would help one understand further the natural spinning process of silkworm. Additionally, it would be significant for the study of the nervous system diseases, because silk fibroin, extracted in large amounts from Bombyx mori silkworm gland, could be a proper model to study PrP denaturation and Aβ-peptide aggregations.     

有效抑制癌细胞转移

发现了与癌细胞转移有关的酶 癌细胞一面无限制地繁殖一面转移，不久就会侵入血管或淋巴管并向全身转移。在食道癌的细胞里有一种称为“蛋白磷酸酶（PP2A／Bβ）”的酶，如果抑制这种酶的作用就可以抑制癌细胞的转移。也许在不久的将来，可以制造出划时代的能防止癌细胞转移的药物。     

真蓝甲藻(Gymnodinium eucyanochroum Tseng Sp.nov.)的亚微结构、色素性质及其在藻类进化中的意义

本文报告了在南京发现的蓝色裸甲藻,测定了它的藻胆色素。证明蓝色藻胆蛋白不是山“胞内蓝藻”(Cyanellen)所提供。电子显微镜的扫描表明细胞表面有众多的突起,不是光滑的;横沟内的鞭毛不是“带状”而是由细纤维丝膜状物拉着的螺旋形。透视电子显微镜观察表明,该藻有两个类型的细胞核,即“甲藻核结构”(Dinocaryotic structure)和“真核结构”,(Eucaryotic Structure),真核与叶绿体有一个共同的膜的包被,有一个与原生动物相近似的伸缩泡系统。叶绿体是分枝状,在细胞的边缘位,但也有其它形态。有淀粉颗粒而无“造粉核”或称”“蛋白核”(Pyrenoid),多数位于叶绿体外或之间,类囊体与一般甲藻不同,不是三个排成一条“带”而是两个排列成“带”。有发达的线粒体,和高尔基体;鞭毛不论纵沟内的或横沟内的,其横切面,均为9+2的形式,其纵切面是由纤维丝成束的结构。蓝色色素提取物,可见光最大吸收峰为456nm,与隐藻藻胆色素十分相似。从细胞亚微结构及其色素性质,作者认为它是藻类演化过程中的一个中间类型的甲藻共生体。