基于自适应混合变异进化策略的神经模糊系统及应用研究

针对现存神经模糊系统中存在的问题,提出了基于自适应混合变异进化策略的神经模糊系统采用改进的最近邻域聚类算法对输入空间进行模糊聚类,确定模糊规则数以及模糊规则前件,这样做精简了模糊规则,不会因输入变量的增加而造成"维数灾难”;采用自适应混合进化策略确定模糊规则的后件,明显提高了算法的收敛速度和精度.将本文提出的基于自适应进化策略的神经模糊系统用于某炼油厂航煤干点的软测量建模,结果表明,该系统具有结构简单、建模精度高、泛化能力强等优点.     

神经类固醇对高级脑功能作用的研究概述

神经类固醇是脑和神经自身合成的类固醇激素,广泛地存在于大脑及神经组织中,对学习、记忆、认知、情绪等脑功能具有非常重要的作用.本文对这方面的研究作一概述.     

针刀治疗隐神经卡压症82例和并发症防治

目的:报告针刀治疗隐神经卡压症的临床疗效及其并发症的预防。方法:针刀闭合术。结果:痊愈60例(62腿),显效14例,好转8例。结论:隐神经卡压症针刀治疗,疗效满意,治愈率高,费用低,时间短。     

享誉国际的神经生理学家——张香桐

中国科学院神经科学研究所名誉所长张香桐院士，是我国对神经生理贡献最大，最负国际盛誉的神经生理学家之一。他是神经元树突生理功能研究的先驱者，在机体各部位的肌肉在猴运动皮层的定位研究、肌肉传入神经纤维分类、视觉研究、针刺镇痛神经机制的研究等方面有重要建树，对我国神经科学的发展起到了重要的推动作用。美国1989年出版的《神经科学百科全书》中，张香桐被列为“公元前300年至公元1950年间对神经科学进展有贡献的人物”之一。     

Neural correlates of short-term perceptual learning in orientation discrimination indexed by event-related potentials

The current work investigated the neural correlates of visual perceptual learning in grating orientation discrimination by recording event-related potentials (ERPs) from human adults. Subjects were trained with a discrimination task of grating orientation in three consecutive training sessions within 2 h. While reaction times (RTs) were shortened gradually across training sessions, the N1 was decreased and the P2 was increased over the parietal and occipital areas. A broadly distributed P3 was increased along with more practices. In addition, the time course of learning reflected in the P2 and P3 amplitudes was in line with the changes of reaction times and exhibited a stable level during later training. The impli- cations of these results to the neural mechanisms subserving perceptual learning were discussed.     

运动与巨噬细胞的研究进展

巨噬细胞(Mφ)是参与免疫应答的重要细胞。中、小强度的运动使巨噬细胞的吞噬能力增强,而大强度运动使巨噬细胞的吞噬能力下降;同时运动也使机体内一些神经递质、激素的分泌水平发生变化,而激素、神经递质的改变又影响神经内分泌系统对巨噬细胞的免疫调节作用。     

国际环境下的项目政治风险评价模型

在分析国际环境下项目政治风险的基础上，根据最优化原理和Lagrangian算子性质，得到国际环境下项目政治风险识别和选择的最优性条件，提出基于反向传播（BP）神经算法的国际项目政治风险评价模型．通过对60个国际项目进行政治风险的识别、选择、评价和分析，仿真试验结果表明，该模型及算法效果良好，可以综合众多专家的知识，计算结果精度较高，能准确评价政治风险对项目成本的影响．     

Excitatory effect of histamine on neuronal activity of rat cerebellar fastigial nucleus Jn vitro

The cerebellar fastigial nucleus （FN） holds an important role in motor control and body balance. Previous studies have revealed that the nucleus is innervated by direct hypothalamocerebellar hletaminergic fibers. However, the functional role of histaminergic projection in cerebellar FN has never been established. In this study, we investigated the effect of histamine on neuronal firing of cerebellar FN by using slice preparations. Sixty-five FN cells were recorded from 47 cerebellar slices, and a vast majority of the cells responded to histamine stimulation with an excitatory response （58/65, 89.2%）. Perfusing slices with low-Ca^2＋/high-Mg^2＋ medium did not block the histamine-induced excitation （n=10）, supporting a direct postsynaptic action of histamine on the cells. Furthermore, the excitatory effect of histamine on FN neurons was not blocked by selective histamine H1 receptor antagonist triprolidine （n=15） or chlorpheniramine （n=10）, but was effectively suppressed by ranitidine （n=15）, a highly selective histamine H2 receptor antagonist. On the other hand, highly selective histamine H2 receptor agonist dimaprit （n=20） instead of histamine HI receptor agonist 2-pyridylethylamine （n=16） mimicked the excitatory effect of histamine on FN neurons. The dimaprit-induced FN neuronal excitation was effectively antagonized by selective histamine H2 receptor antagonist ranitidine （n=13） but not influenced by selective histamine H1 receptor antagonist triprolidine （n=15）. These results demonstrate that histamine excites cerebellar FN cells via the histamine H2 receptor mechanism and suggest that the hypothalamocerebellar histaminergic fibers may modulate cerebellar FN-mediated sensorimotor integration through their excitatory innervations on FN neurons.     

硬膜外加臂丛神经阻滞麻醉在拇指再造术中的应用

应用硬膜外加臂丛神经阻滞用于拇指再造术，操作简单，并发症少，麻醉效果满意，值得临床推广。     

奇特大脑神经路线

科学家们长久以来一直无法获取人类大脑内神经通路的详细图像,认为大脑的神经线路连接杂乱无章。部分原因在于大脑皮层存在很多褶绉、隐窝和缝隙,这些使神经连接的结构模糊不清。