直接缩聚法合成淀粉接枝可降解聚酯和聚酯酰胺及其表征

以可溶性淀粉、乳酸、乙醇酸和己内酰胺为原料在氯化亚锡催化下直接缩聚制备得到了淀粉接枝乳酸-乙醇酸共聚物及淀粉接枝乳酸-乙醇酸-己内酰胺共聚物。用核磁共振(NMR)、差热(DSC)及热重(TG)分析分别对产物的结构和热性能进行了表征。     

浅谈自然保护区在野生动植物保护中的作用

随着国家对生态环境的逐渐重视,我国建立的自然保护区内的生态系统和生物多样性逐渐完整,各种类型的自然保护区有效地对我国的生物多样性起到了充分的保护作用,人们的保护意识有了很大的提高,自然保护区成了野生动植物的天然乐园。随着各部门针对野生动植物保护的力度加大,森林和野生动物类型的自然保护区对生物多样性保护方面正发挥着主渠道作用。     

两种织纹螺对TTX和PSP摄食转移的初步研究

织纹螺（Nassariusspp.）是沿海地区较常见的螺种之一,对其带毒途径现还存有分歧.本文选择厦门海域常见两种织纹螺,粗肋织纹螺（Nassarius nodiferus）和红带织纹螺（Nassarius succinctus）作为研究对象,以实验室生态环境下培养的塔玛亚历山大藻和月腹刺鲀内脏投喂织纹螺.采用美国分析化学家协会推荐的小白鼠的生物检测法,对织纹螺进行毒素检测.小白鼠生物检测结果表明,红带织纹螺本身不带毒性,而粗肋织纹螺本身带有毒性,麻痹性贝毒和河豚毒素两种毒素都可以通过摄食转移累积毒性.     

浮萍生物富集洛克沙胂与阿散酸的动力学特性研究

通过静态法和半静态法研究了浮萍Lemna minor生物富集0.1、0.5、1.0、2.0 mg.L-1洛克沙胂、阿散酸(以砷计)的动力学过程。静态法的研究结果表明:大约55 d,浮萍生物富集各个质量浓度的洛克沙胂、阿散酸均基本达到平衡;0.1、0.5、1.0、2.0 mg.L-1洛克沙胂的生物富集系数(BCF)分别为:3 116.7、1 308.0、548.4、355.0;0.1、0.5、1.0、2.0 mg.L-1阿散酸的BCF分别为:690.0、341.1、255.9、179.8;而且浮萍对各个质量浓度的洛克沙胂、阿散酸的BCF随水体浓度升高而减小。半静态法研究结果表明:浮萍对洛克沙胂、阿散酸的生物富集系数(BCF)、吸收速率常数(K1)随水体质量浓度的增大而减小;同等质量浓度的洛克沙胂的吸收速率常数(K1)大于阿散酸。     

三丁基锡对水生生物毒理学影响的研究进展

综述了三丁基锡(TBT)对水生生物的毒理学效应,认为主要表现在干扰海产腹足类的内分泌而诱导性畸变现象的产生,抑制微藻的光合作用和呼吸作用,破坏水生动物超氧化物歧化酶、酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶等蛋白质的活性,对软体动物的DNA造成不同程度的损伤.同时,探讨了TBT的降解、伤害作用机制及研究前景等.     

民族院校中专业野外实习教学模式的设计与实践

野外实习是生物科学、生态学专业实践教学中的重要环节,在巩固学生学校所学理论知识及培养和提高学生实际动手能力等方面具有重要意义.本文以在民族地区自然保护区野外实习的有益实践及获得的良好实习效果,提出生物科学、生态学专业开展研究与教学结合的野外实习教学模式.     

头孢菌素C生产废水特征及其处理工艺初探

头孢菌素生产废水含难降解有机物和生物毒性物质,发酵残余母液营养物和悬浮浓度高、pH值波动大、温度较高、色度高且气味重、水质水量冲击负荷变化大.采用物化+厌氧+好氧工艺组合处理抗生素废水是主要的工艺技术路线.该文以头孢菌素C钠盐生产线为例,从建设项目环境影响评价角度探讨其生产废水产生环节、污水特征和废水处理工艺,提出适合头孢菌素C生产污水特征和排放要求的污水处理工艺组合,并探讨其达标排放可行性.     

Ecdysteroids in the larvae of Opogona sacchari （Bojer）, a invasive alien pest

In order to understand the composition and quantitative variation of ecdysteriods in the larvae of Opogona sacchari (Bojer), a invasive alien pest, we analyzed the larval ecdysteroid composition and titers in this pest. The main component of ecdysteriods in the larvae of O. sacchari is 20-hydroxyecdysone, and also there is a little 26-hydroxyecdysone. The titer of ecdysteriods in the larvae from the 1st instar to the 7th instar was gotten higher gradually compared on ng ecdyster-oid/larva, but no regularity could be found about the titer if compared on ng ecdysteroid/g avoirdupois. There was only one peak of ecdysteroids (0.5475 ng/larva) showed at day 2 during the developmental time of the 6th instar larvae. However, there were two peaks appearing during the developmental time of the 7th instar larvae , one peak (0.29415 ng/larva) at day 3, another (0.214 ng/larva) at day 5.     

Biomineralization of phototrophic microbes in silica-enriched hot springs in South China

Microbial mats in two hot springs in South China were sampled for the research of mineralization of microbes and its mechanism by the methods of geology and modern biology. The results show that hot spring microbes have the key capability for enrichment of Si, Al, Fe, Ca and other elements, and the microbes are also crucial for the formation of SiO2, CaCO3, clay and so on. The extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) play important roles in the process of mineralization of hot spring microbes, which mainly takes place in the layer of EPS outside cell wall or sheath of cyanobacteria. The sheath outside cell wall, which keeps the normal metabolism of cyanobacteria during the process of mineralization on its surface, is also considerable for the biomineralization of cyanobacteria. According to structure and mineralization characteristics of two microbial mats, the process of mineralization can be divided into three stages, namely, early surface mineralization, middle degradation mineralization, and late des- quamation of mineral. The above conclusions are significant for comprehension of the process of mineralization, the process of deposition and the preservation of microfossil in modern and ancient extreme environments.     

Study on peptide-peptide interaction using high-performance affinity chromatography and quartz crystal microbalance biosensor

The specific interaction between sense and antisense peptides was studied by high-performance affinity chromatography （HPAC） and quartz crystal microbalance （QCM） biosensor. Fragment 1-14 of human interferon-β （hlFN-βwas chosen as sense peptide and its three antisense peptides （AS-IFN 1, AS-IFN 2, and AS-IFN 3） were designed according to the degeneracy of genetic codes. The affinity column was prepared with sense peptide as ligand and the affinity chromatographic behavior was evaluated. Glu-substituted antisense peptide （AS-IFN 3） showed the strongest binding to immobilized sense peptide at pH 7.5. A quartz crystal microbalance-flow injection analysis （QCM-FIA） system was introduced to investigate the recognition process in real-time. The equilibrium dissociation constants between sense peptide and AS-IFN 1, AS-IFN 2 and AS-IFN 3 measured 2.08×10^-4, 1.31×10^-4 and 2.22×10^-5 mol/L, respectively. The mechanism study indicated that the specific recognition between sense peptide and AS-IFN 3 was due to sequence-dependent and multi-modal affinity interaction.