西南极菲尔德斯半岛GPS卫星地壳形变监测网的建立和分析

南极半岛与南美大陆隔德雷克海峡相望,海峡上横亘着南极考察中的“斯芬克斯之谜”——斯科舍脊。大地构造学认为,该地区是南美板块,太平洋板块和南极板块的交汇处,其地质构造运动较为活跃,存在着年变量为厘米级的相对运动。斯科舍脊西南部的南设德兰群岛,与南极半岛毗邻,中国长城站位于群岛中的乔治王岛南部的菲尔德斯半岛。半岛中部主要发育为北西西向走滑正断层,如风谷断层、侏罗谷断层、南端又有菲尔德斯海峡断层。1970     

皖中拆离滑脱构造与基底缩短机制探讨

华北地合皖中复式褶皱与拗陷盆地是中生代陆壳多层次拆离滑脱造山运动之产物。北侧发育推覆、滑覆构造,对接于凤-定山区;南为合肥拗陷。结晶基底断块沿先存铲型伸展断层,作反向继承性仰冲或俯冲,使陆壳加积缩短。本文提出了一个在大陆地块碰撞下,以多层次构造拆离为背景的陆壳缩短模式。     

Possible seismic reflector in the lower crust： Evidence from fabrics and experiments of seismic velocity on layered gabbro at high temperature and high pressure

Lattice preferred orientations (LPO) of plagioclase and augite are measured on layered gabbro from the Panxi region, Sichuan Province. The LPO concentration [010] of plagioclase and [100] of augite are perpendicular to the foliation, which indicates a kind of growth fabric associated with crystallizing habits of minerals when the magma is solidifying under the compaction. Calculated seismic velocities based on LPO data of minerals give rise to rather strong anisotropy 5.81% and 5.54% for compressional seismic wave (Vp) and shear seismic wave (Vs), respectively. The experiments at high temperature and high pressure show that the P-wave velocity of layered gabbro is 6.4-6.97 km/s with the maximum Vp anisotropy 5.22% and the Poisson‘s ratio is between 0.28-0.31. According to the comparison of fabrics with seismic velocities of layered gabbro, it is suggested that the large-scale layered intrusive body or the similar layered geological body may exist in the lower crust of this area. Such a layered intrusive body which has strong seismic anisotropy may be the seismic reflector in the lower crust.     

Carboniferous adakites and Nb-enriched arc basaltic rocks association in the Alataw Mountains, north Xinjiang： interactions between slab melt and mantle peridotite and implications for crustal growth

Adakites and Nb-enriched arc basaltic rocks (NEABs) in arc setting, which are closely correlated in petrogenesis, have recently been widely followed with interest[1—9]. In general, adakite is derived from partial melting of subducting oceanic crust[1]. When adakitic magma (slab melt) passes through the mantle wedge, the interactions between slab melt and mantle peridotite will occur: slab melt is contaminated by peridotite, meanwhile peridotite is metasomated by slab melt. The NEABs are d…     

峨眉山大火成岩省中两类岩浆分异趋势及其成因

二叠纪峨眉山大火成岩省存在两种岩浆分异趋势. 攀西古裂谷带内的岩浆显示Bowen分异趋势(即朝富Si贫Fe的流纹质岩浆演化), 在时空上与含V-Ti-Fe矿床的基性-超基性岩体密切相关. 峨眉山岩省东区的玄武岩则具有Fenner分异趋势(即朝富Fe贫Si方向演化), 最终分异产物中Fe₂O₃含量高达23%, SiO₂含量低至44%. 这一成分岩浆的发现为富Fe贫Si岩浆在自然界的客观存在提供了直接的证据. 具Bowen分异趋势的岩浆系列的氧逸度较高, 并经历了较大程度的地壳混染作用, 而具Fenner分异趋势的岩浆的氧逸度较低, 地壳混染不明显. 这暗示地壳混染程度可能是造成幔源岩浆具有不同分异趋势的重要原因. 具不同分异趋势的岩浆的空间分布特征为西南地区V-Ti-Fe矿床的形成机制提供了新的制约.     

下地壳地震深反射的可能载体: 来自层状辉长岩组构和高温高压波速实验的证据

通过对四川攀西地区层状辉长岩中斜长石和普通辉石晶格优选方位(LPO)的测量, 发现矿物定向主要表现在斜长石的[010]极密与辉石的[100]极密分别与面理垂直, 显示出一种与晶体结晶习性有关的生长组构, 与晶体在岩浆中结晶并受到一定的压实作用有联系. 利用矿物组构数据计算的地震波速度结构反映出较强的各向异性, Vp, Vs的各向异性分别为5.81%和5.54%. 高温高压条件下波速的测定结果显示出相似的特征: 层状辉长岩的纵波速度介于6.44~6.97 km/s, 纵波最大各向异性值为5.22%, Poisson比介于0.28~0.31. 通过对攀西层状辉长岩组构和波速结构的研究, 推断该区下地壳可能存在较大规模的层状辉长岩体或类似的层状地质体, 这种具有明显地震波各向异性的层状似层状介质是下地壳地震深反射的可能载体.     

地壳演化和变形的非线性动力学:1模型和数值模拟方法

综合考虑多因素和多过程间的耦合与反馈作用,建立了地壳演化与变形的综合的非线性动力学模型.通过建立岩石结构动力学将变形与岩性耦合起来;采用递增应力流变学方法将弹性、塑性、断裂变形结合并与流体和化学耦合起来.采用有限元和改进的Lagrangian方法求解动力学方程组,编写了模拟程序.应用该模型和程序可对不同尺度区域的地壳演化和变形的动力学过程进行1-3维数值模拟,并可应用于很多相关领域的研究.     

在自转条件下地壳中应力分布的探讨

探讨了地球自转产生的离心力对地壳中应力分布的影响。分析中,将岩石圈分离出来单独对待。利用弹性力学中的轴对称回转面型薄壳理论对其进行处理。通过建立理论方程进行求解后得出地壳中应力分布规律为:径向以挤压力为主,在赤道一线最大,极地最小,且有很小一部分为引张应力。而纬向全为引张应力,从两极赤道逐渐增大,径向剪应力则为45°为最大,赤道和两极均为零。     

Comments on “the cause of crustal deformation in the vicinity of Zhangbei earthquake area”

In the comments “the cause of crustal deformation in the vicinity of Zhangbei earthquake area” (hereafter referred to as “Cause”), the authors propose a new seismic focal mechanism of Zhangbei-Shangyi earthquake occurring on Jan. 10, 1998. which opposes our D-InSAR model. They assume that the displacement measured by D-IuSAR is not the surface representation of seismic     

辽西中侏罗统海房沟组埃达克质岩的确认及地质意义

海房沟组火山岩是辽西中生代火山岩的重要成员，其岩石共生组合为粗安岩—安山岩—英安岩—粗面英安岩，属于高钾钙碱性—钙碱性火山岩系。火山岩主量元素、稀土元素和微量元素研究表明：海房沟组火山岩属埃达克质岩；这些火山岩的源岩较深，可能为古老的下地壳玄武质岩石部分熔融产物。海房沟组埃达克质岩的确认对探讨辽西地区火山岩浆起源、壳幔相互作用、中生代构造应力场的重大转换及大规模断陷盆地群的形成具有重要意义。