葛根素缓释片的制备及犬体内生物利用度的研究

选用磷脂和聚维酮为载体材料制备葛根素固体分散体后再制成缓释片,并考察其体外释放度和犬体内药动学试验,以wagner-Nelson法计算体内吸收分数.采用HPLC的方法测定犬血浆中葛根素的浓度,应用3p97程序计算药动学参数和生物利用度.结果表明:葛根素缓释片具有较好的缓释效果,体内外相关性较好(r=0.9875).与普通片相比,葛根素缓释片的相对生物利用度为253%,可以通过固体分散技术明显提高葛根素生物利用度,并减少给药次数.     

An on-line multi-parameter analyzing optical biosensor for real-time and non-invasive monitoring of plant stress responses in vivo

Photosynthetic dysfunction and reactive oxygen species （ROS） production are the common features of plant stress responses. Based on quantitative measurement of ROS production and delayed fluorescence （DF） emission, which is an excellent marker for evaluating photosynthesis, an on-line multiparameter analyzing optical biosensor for detecting plant stress responses was developed. Performances of the proposed biosensor were tested in the wild type （WT） Arabidopsis and heat shock protein （Hsp） 101 T-DNA knockout mutant （hsp101） plants with different thermotolerance. Results demonstrated that DF intensity correlates with net photosynthesis rate （Pn） in response to elevated temperature in both the WT Arabidopsis and hsp101 mutant plants. The light response characteristics and the recovery dynamics of the DF intensity were also in line with those of Pn in both the WT Arabidopsis and hsp101 mutant plants after heat stress （HS, 40℃ for 30 min）, respectively. In all experiments discussed above, the hsp101 plant showed the worse photosynthetic performance than the WT plant. Moreover, after HS, more ROS production in the hsp101 mutant than in WT Arabidopsis, which was found to be mainly localized at chloroplasts, could be directly detected by using the proposed biosensor. In addition, the hsp101 mutant showed severer chloroplasts alterations than the WT plant within the first 1 h of recovery following HS. Nevertheless, pre-infiltration with catalase （CAT） reduced ROS production and prevented the declines of the DF intensity. Therefore, HS-caused declines of photosynthetic performance might be due to oxidative damage to photosynthetic organelle. To sum up, we conclude that Hsp101 plays an important role in preventing oxidative stress, and the proposed optical biosensor might be a powerful tool to determine plant stress responses and identify plant resistant difference.     

头孢曲松钠他唑巴坦钠的体内抗菌作用研究

利用改良寇氏法检测头孢曲松钠他唑巴坦钠 (3∶1和 5∶1)的抗菌活性 .结果表明 :头孢曲松钠他唑巴坦钠对产酶的金黄色葡萄球菌和埃希氏大肠杆菌感染的小鼠体内抗菌活性(ED50 )分别为 4 .0mg·kg- 1、4 .3mg·kg- 1和 0 .0 0 5 6mg·kg- 1、0 .0 0 6 8mg·kg- 1,头孢曲松钠舒巴坦钠 (2∶1)的ED50 值分别为 6 .6mg·kg- 1和 0 .0 1147mg·kg- 1,单组分头孢曲松钠的ED50 为 10 .3mg·kg- 1和 0 .0 6 4 9mg·kg- 1;头孢曲松钠他唑巴坦钠对绿脓杆菌感染的ED50 为 8.2mg·kg- 1和11.2mg·kg- 1,头孢曲松钠舒巴坦钠的ED50 为 16 .1mg·kg- 1,单组分头孢曲松钠的ED50 为 35 .4mg·kg- 1.提示 :头孢曲松钠他唑巴坦钠对产酶的金黄色葡萄球菌、埃希氏大肠杆菌和绿脓杆菌感染的小鼠有明显抗菌作用 ,且明显优于头孢曲松钠单组分和头孢曲松钠舒巴坦钠     

北京城区麻雀体内污染物的研究

通过比较重工业区和对照区麻雀（Passer montanus)的肝脏、胸肌和初级飞羽中砷（As)、硒（Se)以及重金属汞（Hg)、铬（Cr)、镉（Cd)、铅（Pb）、锰（Mn)、铜（Cu）的质量分数,探讨了将麻雀作为环境指示物种的可行性。分析结果表明,重工业区麻雀体内污染物的质量分数明显高于对照区;成鸟体内的Hg,Se,Cd,Pb,Cu明显高于幼鸟;重工业区麻雀羽毛中Se,Cd,Pb,Mn和Cu的质量分数显著高于对照区;对比羽毛和其他组织中各元素的聚集量,发现羽毛中Cd,Mn,Cu的质量分数和肝脏、肌肉中的呈显著性正相关,这几种元素在羽毛中的积累和在其他组织中的积累有线性关系。这显示采用麻雀羽毛监测环境中某些元素的污染是可行的,麻雀能够作为城市环境的指示物种。     

藻蓝蛋白裂合酶催化藻红胆素(PEB)与CpcA和PecA共价偶联

 将由鱼腥藻Anabaenasp.PCC7120中cpcE/F构建的pCOLADuet-cpcE/F质粒和pACYCDuet-pebA质粒、pCDFDuet-hol-pebB质粒、pETDuet-pecA质粒、pETDuet-cpcA质粒转化入大肠杆菌,在IPTG的诱导下,实现了色素蛋白PEB-CpcA和PEB-PecA的成功表达.吸收光谱和荧光光谱研究表明,CpcE/F能够催化PEB共价连接到CpcA和PecA的Cys-84上形成色素蛋白PEB-PecA和PEB-CpcA,色素蛋白的最大吸收峰为555nm,最强荧光峰为570nm.Zn²⁺电泳分析结果表明,体内重组获得了目标色素蛋白,证明由cpcE/F所编码的蛋白裂合酶在体内重组中能够催化PEB与CpcA和PecA的共价偶联反应,生成非天然色素蛋白PEB-CpcA和PEB-PecA.     

PPARγ罗格列酮对HT-29的生长抑制作用

PPARγ配体在抗肿瘤中发挥着重要的作用,这些配体具有抗肿瘤、诱导分化和抗血管生成等效果.目的主要是评估PPARγ激动剂罗格列酮对结肠癌细胞株HT-29生长的抑制作用.结果显示,罗格列酮可以有效地抑制体外培养的结肠癌细胞株HT-29的生长及克隆形成,并能抑制HT-29裸鼠移植瘤的生长.与此同时,罗格列酮能够升高PPARγ, p- PPARγ的表达水平.以上结果初步证明罗格列酮在体内外均可抑制结肠癌细胞株HT-29的成长,提示罗格列酮有可能发展成为治疗结肠癌的有效药物.     

动物界的惊人内幕

头脑 虽然人体有许多复杂的机能,但动物也并非像看上去的那么简单。蟑螂比看上去的样子更具活力,蟑螂的大脑位于身体内,如果因意外而失去了头,它仍能在无头状态下存活长达9d。它的最终死因并非是不能思考,而是不能进食。     

蝴蝶会“变形”

为了避免被鸟吃掉,蝴蝶有各种保护手段,包括把自己"变"成鸟类讨厌的"肉"。按照达尔文的解释,这种自我保护功能,是自然选择的结果。不过,法国国家科学研究院和英国埃克塞特大学的一组科学家,对蝴蝶如何完成这种改变进行了追踪。在他们看来,这种模仿变形金刚的功能,来自蝴蝶自身某个"基因开关"。     

A wireless magnetic sensor for localizing in-vivo medical micro-devices

In order to measure the position and orientation of in-vivo medical micro-devices without the line-of-sight constraints, a wireless magnetic sensor is developed for an electromagnetic localization method. In the electromagnetic localization system, the wireless magnetic sensor is embedded in the micro-devices to measure alternating magnetic signals. The wireless magnetic sensor is composed of an induction coil, a signal processor, a radio frequency (RF) transmitter, a power manager and batteries. Based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, the induction coil converts the alternating magnetic signals into electrical signals. Via the RF transmitter, the useful data are wirelessly sent outside the body. According to the relation between the magnetic signals and the location, the position and orientation of the micro-devices can be calculated. The experiments demonstrate the feasibility of localizing in-vivo medical micro-devices with the wireless magnetic sensor. The novel localization system is accurate and robust.     

一种新的99mTc标记的[Tc(CO)3(MIBI)3]+络合物作为心肌显像剂

最近,Alberto等人报道了一种在低压（约10^5Pa）条件下制备水溶性的有机金属络合物[^99mTc-(CO)3(OH2)3]^ 的方法。该络合物在水和空气中均比较稳定,且水配体很容易被其他的络合能力较强的配体所取代,这使得羰基络合物可作为放射性药物应用于核医学。考虑到[^99mTc(CO)3(OH2)3]^ 是一种＋1价的络合物,于是用六甲氧基丁基异腈（MIBI）取代上述络合物中的3个水配体,制得了一种新的有机锝络合物[^99mTc(CO3)(MIBI)3]^ ,其放射化学产率可达85％,且具有较好的体外稳定性。由于该络合物与已被广泛应用的心肌显像剂[^99mTc(MIBI)6]^ 具有相似的结构,因此,期望[^99mTc(CO)3(MIBI)3]^ 也能在心肌中浓集,并可改善[^99mTc(MIBI)6]^ 心／肝比值偏低的缺点。随后进行的小鼠体内生物分布实验表明,该络合物的确能在心肌中浓集,且具有较高的心／肝比和与[^99mTc(MIBI)6]^ 相当的心／血比,这使得其具有成为心肌灌注显像剂的潜力。