含沙水域水电站用抗冲蚀磨损新材料的研制

通过降低碳含量及添加适量合金等措施，设计研制了一种韧性好的28CrNiVRe高铬铸铁新材料，并以0Cr13Ni5Mo不锈钢为对比材料，进行了冲蚀磨损性能及腐蚀与磨损间交互作用的研究，研究结果表明，磨损是材料失去的主要形式，而腐蚀及其磨损与腐蚀间的交互作用是不容忽视的，因此，新材料的抗冲蚀磨损性比0Cr13Ni5Mo不锈钢优越，且在水电工程中的应用前景广阔。     

云南楚雄小百草岭鸟类多样性空间格局

【目的】探究云南楚雄小百草岭地区鸟类空间分布格局的特征,分析不同生境及海拔段鸟类多样性差异,为该地区鸟类资源保护措施的制定提供基础资料。【方法】采用样线法对云南省楚雄州小百草岭地区鸟类资源开展了一个完整年度的调查研究,通过计算各生境和海拔段的鸟类多样性指数,进行空间分布格局分析。【结果】在小百草岭地区共记录到鸟类122种,隶属10目43科,包括国家Ⅱ级重点保护鸟类17种。其中,留鸟110种(占90.16%),夏候鸟5种(占4.10%),冬候鸟6种(占4.92%),旅鸟1种(占0.82%)。在115种繁殖鸟类(留鸟和夏候鸟)中,以东洋界物种为主(占50.43%)。季节变化中,鸟类物种丰富度指数由大到小依次为夏季(112)、春季(104)、秋季(79)、冬季(76)。春季鸟类科-属多样性指数最高(0.772),冬季最低(0.662);小百草岭3种生境中,林地的鸟类物种丰富度(117)和科-属多样性指数(0.739)均最高,耕地的鸟类物种丰富度(48)和科-属多样性指数(0.549)最低。鸟类物种丰富度在≥2 100～2 600 m的中海拔地区最高,物种丰富度垂直分布格局为峰值位于中海拔的单...     

又证正交表L_(12)(2~(11))列间交互作用的均匀分布性

本文用水平号对换的方法给出了构造正交表L_(12)(2~(11))的一种规则,并据此证明了该表交互作用的均匀分布性.     

GH36合金持久缺口敏感性与蠕变和疲劳及其交互作用下的裂纹扩展速率

研究了GH36合金持久缺口敏感性对裂纹扩展速率的影响。结果表明:通过软化的热处理制度来改善材料的持久塑性达到消除持久缺口敏感性的目的,对在蠕变或以蠕变为主的应力条件下延缓裂纹的扩展具有重要意义;而在低周疲劳或以疲劳为主的应力条件下,裂纹扩展速率对强度敏感,而与材料是否存在持久缺口敏感性无关;提高强度可显著提高材料的抗低周疲劳裂纹扩展能力。为使材料在蠕变、疲劳以及蠕变疲劳交互作用下都只有高的抗裂纹扩展能力,应对材料进行强韧化。     

改进的UNIFAC-SRK法预测汽液平衡

链烷烃分子结构非常相似，可以认为链烷烃溶液是无热体系，因此其超额吉布斯自由能可以假设为零，由此可以得到不含能量项的简化Vidal混合规则．这一改进混合规则和原来的Vidal混合规则一起构成改进的UNIFAC-SRK模型。同时，根据Nelder-Mead扩展单形求极值法估算出了23对新的基因交互作用参数．利用估算出的基因参数对43个二元汽液平衡体系的泡点压力和汽相组成进行了预测，大部分体系的泡点压力和汽相组成预测平均偏差都低于5．0％、     

The effect of α-helix comformation on interaction between model oligopeptides and polymers

The study of interactions between peptides and synthetic polymers has aroused considerable interest recently. In the present paper, the interaction mechanism between adsorbent DMAPAM and two peptides, VVRGCTWW（V8） and CTWW（C4）, was investigated at molecular level by NMR and molecular stimulation. The results demonstrated that the conformation of oligopeptides played a vital role in their adsorption capacity on the adsorbent. Weak interactions could incorporate with each other between V8 and DMAPAM because there was a hydrophobic cleavage in o-helix conformation of V8. So the ad- sorption capacity of DMAPAM to V8 was higher. This was significant to explore the interaction mechanism between peptides and biomaterials.     

计算机辅助教学的发展与展望

随着计算机技术的发展普及和现代教育理论的发展,CAI课件在教育领域的作用也越来越突出。本文简述在教育领域中应用计算机辅助教学对教学的意义,CAI课件在教学中的特点,以及CAI的发展与展望。     

聚铝和聚铁在造纸废水处理中的交互作用

研究采用聚铝和聚铁作絮凝剂,并加入有机助凝剂,联合作用处理麦草爆破制浆废水的混凝效果．结果表明：聚铝和聚铁联合投加的混凝效果优于它们单独投加,具有明显的交互作用．并进一步探讨了絮凝剂投加比例、pH值、水温、投加顺序等因素对交互作用的影响,得出了实验的最佳条件．     

WMoCo多元共渗扩散交互作用规律研究

采用双层辉光离子渗金属技术分别对工业纯铁进行了单元渗W、W-Mo二元共渗、W-Mo-Co三元共渗.通过相同渗金属工艺条件下合金层厚度对比,利用扩散热力学、扩散微观理论以及渗入原子的空位占有率等理论,揭示了渗金属条件下W、Mo、Co三种合金元素的扩散交互作用规律.分析结果表明,多元共渗过程中,共渗元素之间会对彼此的化学势、元素的空位浓度、元素的空位占有率等产生影响,进而影响到元素的扩散速率.     

Peridotite-melt interaction: A key point for the destruction of cratonic lithospheric mantle

This paper presents an overview of recent studies dealing with different ages of mantle peridotitic xenoliths and xenocrysts from the North China Craton, with aim to provide new ideas for further study on the destruction of the North China Craton. Re-Os isotopic studies suggest that the lithospheric mantle of the North China Craton is of Archean age prior to its thinning. The key reason why such a low density and highly refractory Archean lithospheric mantle would be thinned is changes in composition, thermal regime, and physical properties of the lithospheric mantle due to interaction of peridotites with melts of different origins. Inward subduction of circum craton plates and collision with the North China Craton provided not only the driving force for the destruction of the craton, but also continuous melts derived from partial melting of subducted continental or oceanic crustal materials that resulted in the compositional change of the lithospheric mantle. Regional thermal anomaly at ca. 120 Ma led to the melting of highly modified lithospheric mantle. At the same time or subsequently lithospheric extension and asthenospheric upwelling further reinforced the melting and thinning of the lithospheric mantle. Therefore, the destruction and thinning of the North China Craton is a combined result of per- idotite-melt interaction （addition of volatile）, enhanced regional thermal anomaly （temperature increase） and lithospheric extension （decompression）. Such a complex geological process finally produced a ＂mixed＂ lithospheric mantle of highly chemical heterogeneity during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic. It also resulted in significant difference in the composition of mantle peridotitic xenoliths between different regions and times.