北京地区春季主要园林树木的花期预测研究

近年来,随着春季赏花旅游项目的兴起,使花期预测的重要性,日益突显,本文利用北京地区物候观测资料,选择了始花期分布于初春、仲春、晚春,在北京地区具有代表性、指示意义和一定观赏价值的8种乔灌木,依据物候现象的顺序相关规律,采用回归分析的方法,建立春季观花树木的花期预报模型,通过检验,预报效果良好。     

小麦品种（系）叶绿素含量变化及其与光合叶面积关系研究

对3种类型11个小麦品种（系）的叶绿素含量变化及其与光合叶面积关系进行了研究。结果表明,中粒型品种（系）的叶绿素（a b）高峰出现早,且生育后期下降快;小粒型和大粒型品种（系）叶绿素（a b）高峰出现较迟。为同类型品种（系）叶绿素（a/b）值在整修生育期呈下降趋势,中粒型品种（系）的chl(a/b）均低于另外两种类型品种（系）。高产品种生育后期叶绿素含量高值期持续时间长,叶绿素（a/b0低。多元相关分析表明,在籽粒灌浆期,叶绿素（a b）值呈显著负相关;叶绿素（a b）值与旗叶面积呈显著负相关。小麦育种上应选择生育后期叶绿素（a b）较高,叶绿素(a/b）值低,且旗叶面积相对较大的品种。     

Structural and biochemical mechanism responsible for the stay-green phenotype in common wheat

In order to increase the supply of assimilated carbon to grain, a new stay-green wheat cultivar, Chuannong17 (CN17), with delayed leaf senescence, carrying wheat-rye 1RS.1BL translo- cated chromosome was developed. CN17 exhibited distinct differences in net photosynthetic rate (Pn), chlorophyll (Chl) content, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, activity of both superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) during the grain filling stage, and flag leaf senescence compared with the control. The new cultivar maintained longer and higher photosyn- thetic competence compared with the control, and this aspect correlated with the difference in chloro-plast development. Moreover, the stay-green pheno-type of CN17 was also observed under natural growth conditions. Consequently, the coordination of the physiological, biochemical, and structural aspects in the stay-green cultivar produced higher seed weights and per-plant yield compared with the control cultivar.     

双平行簧片结构弹性元件的抗扭转优化设计

针对现有的微摩擦磨损检测系统中采用双平行簧片结构作为微力弹性元件检测摩擦力,而其自身存在的扭转现象将会影系统响检测精度的现象,本文通过建立双平行簧片结构扭转力学模型性并结合有限元数值仿真软件,验证了扭转力学模型的可行性,研究双平行簧片的各结构参数对于其扭转现象的影响效果,并提出提高双平行簧片抗扭特性的优化方法。     

广西玉林市黑斑蛙春季感染曼氏迭宫绦虫裂头蚴情况调查

对玉林市黑宽蛙春季感染曼氏迭宫绦虫裂头蚴情况进行了调查，结果是：总感染率达71．4％，阳性蛙平均感染虫体数为5．8条，以25．1-35克这一重量段感染率为最高，达84．62％，雌性感染率略高于雄性。     

降水对徐州地区冬小麦生产的影响

降水过多或过少引起的湿害、干旱是影响徐州地区冬小麦产量的重要因素．对徐州地区1990～1999年的降水量与小麦单产间的关系作回归分析，结果表明徐州地区冬小麦的气象产量与当年3～5月的降水总量呈负相关关系．     

金佛山岩溶生态系统初步探讨--岩溶泉水化学特征分析

从岩溶水化学性质方面对金佛山岩溶生态系统作了初步的分析,选取了两个具有代表性的岩溶泉进行对比性加密观测,结果表明：不同海拔高度出露的岩溶泉水化学性质和岩溶强度存在较大不同;具有不同海拔高度的小鲵泉和双龙泉水化学性质随时间变化的稳定性出现较大差异。     

冬麦区晚茬麦适宜品种类型的研究

通过不同类型小麦的播期试验和对冀、鲁、豫、皖、苏调查表明:“黄淮冬麦区”的晚茬麦在冬季极端最低气温不低于-13.2℃,冬前0℃以上积温在400℃以下种植偏春性类型品种,一般比种植冬性类型品种增产7.6—13.1％,最高可增产29.4％。种植冬性早熟类型品种可提前3—5天成熟,为秋粮早播、丰产奠定了基础。     

汽车膜片弹簧离合器压紧弹簧优化设计

膜片弹簧离合器的工作性能主要取决于膜片弹簧的结构参数，以膜片弹簧危险点处的当量应力为最小作为优化设计的目标函数，用解问题极值的复合形法进行了求解，计算方法和结果可供设计部门参考。     

Biomineralization of phototrophic microbes in silica-enriched hot springs in South China

Microbial mats in two hot springs in South China were sampled for the research of mineralization of microbes and its mechanism by the methods of geology and modern biology. The results show that hot spring microbes have the key capability for enrichment of Si, Al, Fe, Ca and other elements, and the microbes are also crucial for the formation of SiO2, CaCO3, clay and so on. The extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) play important roles in the process of mineralization of hot spring microbes, which mainly takes place in the layer of EPS outside cell wall or sheath of cyanobacteria. The sheath outside cell wall, which keeps the normal metabolism of cyanobacteria during the process of mineralization on its surface, is also considerable for the biomineralization of cyanobacteria. According to structure and mineralization characteristics of two microbial mats, the process of mineralization can be divided into three stages, namely, early surface mineralization, middle degradation mineralization, and late des- quamation of mineral. The above conclusions are significant for comprehension of the process of mineralization, the process of deposition and the preservation of microfossil in modern and ancient extreme environments.