两种胰蛋白酶酶解羊肌肉总蛋白样品的质谱分析

摘要: 目的比较国产和进口两种胰蛋白酶对蛋白质的酶解效果,为后续蛋白质组学稳定研究提供依据。方法用超声破碎法提取羊肌肉组织总蛋白,经两种胰蛋白酶酶解后液相色谱串联质谱检测酶解肽段,将结果上传蛋白质序列数据库,利用质谱分析鉴定方法分析比较两种胰蛋白酶的酶解效果,并借助生物信息学工具对所得数据进行分析。结果两种胰蛋白酶酶解同种蛋白质样品产生的肽段长度86%以上均为6-18 个氨基酸,适用于质谱检测。酶解后肽段产生的质量国产胰蛋白酶优于进口胰蛋白酶,国产胰蛋白酶比进口胰酶酶解可多鉴定到19% 的蛋白质和34%的肽段。结论进口、国产的胰蛋白酶在酶解蛋白质方面均可用于质谱检测前蛋白质的酶解消化。但国产胰蛋白酶价格明显低于进口胰酶,更具应用优势。本研究为评价胰蛋白酶酶解效果提供了一种有效、全面的研究方法。     

基于ReliefF-NOSCA-AdakNN的肌肉疲劳识别技术研究

针对竞技体育训练中的肌肉疲劳监测问题,提出了一种基于ReliefF-NOSCA-AdakNN（RNA）的表面肌电信号（sEMG）特征提取和分类算法. 该算法结合了特征和类别之间的相关性分析和启发式搜索算法,对高维特征进行了有效的筛选和分类. 将RNA算法应用于经过滤波处理的肱二头肌肌电信号数据,对不同疲劳状态进行了识别和分类. 实验结果表明,提出的RNA算法在平均分类准确率和标准差方面分别达到了83.88%和0.012 7,均显著优于传统单一算法,体现了较好的分类性能.     

Interaction of smooth muscle relaxant drugs with calmodulin and cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase

Summary Some smooth muscle relaxant drugs with an unknown mechanism of action have been tested for their interaction with calmodulin and with calmodulin-induced cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE) activity. The affinity of these drugs for calmodulin does not parallel their inhibitory effect on the calmodulin activation of PDE. The lack of parallelism could be due to a binding of the drugs to different sites on calmodulin; furthermore a binding of papaverine, octylonium bromide and felodipine to PDE molecule, might also be considered to explain their inhibitory effect on PDE basal activity. The myolytic effect of octylonium bromide and pinaverium bromide may be due to their interaction with calmodulin-dependent systems.     

试析肌肉协调放松对提高短跑成绩的作用

本文从掌握短跑基本技术、改善神经系统的功能、增大肌肉收缩力量、克服不合理的肌肉紧张、节省能量和提高速度耐力等方面，探讨了肌肉协调放松对提高短跑运动成绩的重要作用．     

共同性斜视眼肌的组织学研究

用光镜和电镜研究１１例共同性斜视患者手术切除的眼肌，结果表明，横 肌细胞发生进行性变性坏死，胶原纤维增生，与此同时，神经纤维减少甚至消失，说明共同性斜视眼肌和神经纤维的确产生病变，这些病变可能与感染有关。     

The effects of temperature on ATPase activity and force generation in skinned muscle fibers from the Pacific blue marlin (Makaira nigricans)

Summary ATPase activity and force generation have been measured simultaneously in isolated, demembranated muscle fibers of the Pacific blue marlin (Makaira nigricans) between 0 and 30°C. Tension generation is relatively independent of temperature above 15°C and falls with a Q₁₀ of <1.5 on decreasing the temperature to 0°C. In contrast, the Q₁₀ for ATPase activity is 2.2 over the range 0–30°C. The results are interpreted in terms of the cross bridge theory of contraction.     

Effects of neuromuscular blockers on carnosine levels in rat skeletal muscle

Summary A 30-min treatment with neuromuscular blocking doses of either physostigmine or d-tubocurarine was associated with a 44% or 36% (respectively) reduction in rat skeletal muscle carnosine levels in vivo.This work was supported by grant NS-06137 of the National Institute of Health.     

Selectivity of alterations in skeletal fibers in chronic Chagas' disease of the mouse

Summary In mice chronically infected withTrypanosoma cruzi, the masseter muscle (rich in type II fibers) was devoid of inflammatory infiltrates and parasites. In contrast, other muscles, composed of type I and II fibers, showed a decrease of type I fibers, parasites and lesions, suggesting that inT. cruzi infection type I muscle fibers are selectively damaged.     

Satellite cells in the regenerated and regrafted skeletal muscles of rats

Summary Soleus (SOL) muscles were grafted into extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle beds (EDL-first-graft). Sixty days later, some mature EDL-first-grafts were regrafted into their own beds (EDL-second-grafts). Fully regenerated muscle fibers and satellite cells were observed in both types of mature grafts. The ratios of satellite cell nuclei per total nuclei (myonuclei and satellite cell nuclei) were 4.81±0.47% for EDL-2nd graft, 4.26±0.51% for EDL-1st-graft, 4.30±0.33% for control SOL, and 3.30±0.18% for control EDL. It is thought that satellite cells are required for the repeated activity of muscle fiber regeneration. The persistance of satellite cells in EDL-second-grafts suggests that satellite cells are not depleted during the first grafting, making second-grafts possible.     

New views of smooth muscle structure using freezing,deep-etching and rotary shadowing

Summary Freezing, deep-etching and rotary shadowing techniques have been applied to study smooth muscle ultrastructure. The results show some new aspects of intracellular and extracellular connections, interior views of the sarcoplasmic reticulum showing a luminal content, coated pits and vesicles, contractile filaments and other organelles in smooth muscle.