用于卫星载荷数据传输总线的终端IP核设计

根据通信卫星有效载荷数据传输总线协议及其工作原理,提出了一种总线终端IP(intellectual property)核的设计及验证方法,该IP核由总线接口模块、时钟分频模块、协议处理模块、数据采集模块等组成,其设计和研制具有自主知识产权.该IP核完成了模块仿真验证、芯片系统仿真验证和FPGA(field progra...     

Temporal and spatial distribution of tropospheric CO<Subscript>2</Subscript> over China based on satellite observations

Mid-troposphere CO₂ data retrieved by the AIRS (atmospheric infrared sounder) were validated with five ground-based stations and aircraft measurements in the Northern Hemisphere. AIRS CO₂ products show good agreement with ground and aircraft observations. The data had a monthly average accuracy better than 3 ppmv. In this study, the spatial and temporal distribution of mid-troposphere CO₂ from January 2003 to December 2008 was analyzed based on this satellite product. The average concentration of atmospheric CO₂ was higher in the Northern Hemisphere than in the Southern Hemisphere. The yearly average results show a gradual increase from 2003 to 2008. In China, the annual growth rate was about 2 ppmv/a, similar to the United States, Europe, Australia and India, but was slightly lower than Canada and Russia. Mid-troposphere CO₂ concentrations were higher over northern China than over southern areas, due to differences in natural conditions and industrial layout. There were four centers of high CO₂ concentration between 35° and 45°N over China, with low concentrations over Yunnan Province. There was a significant seasonal CO₂ variation with peak concentration in spring and the lowest concentration in autumn.     

基于卫星干扰源定位系统的星历获取方法

在干扰源定位系统对目标实现定位时,需要知道卫星的位置、速度,由于网上星历更新速度不很及时,导致有时获取的卫星星历误差较大,因此需要通过测量获取卫星的星历.在卫星动力学方法的基础上,不添加任何硬件设备的条件下,研究了基于卫星干扰源定位系统星历获取方法,并对这种方法进行了仿真分析,对星历的精度进行评估.仿真结果表明这种方法获取的卫星星历优于从网站下载的卫星星历,满足定位系统的需求.     

系统科学视角下高分辨率对地观测系统任务管控统筹优化

高分辨率对地观测系统因其高清晰度的影像产品倍受测绘、农业、林业、采矿、城市规划、国土资源等众多领域的用户青睐.在面对不同用户各种繁杂的任务需求和超过载的卫星影像订购,以及在云层遮挡等随机因素干扰下,如何通过对任务统筹管控来提升系统整体效益已成为航天领域一个崭新的管理科学问题.通过对高分辨率对地观测任务管控流程的分析,指出了星务管控的关键在于卫星任务规划和星地资源调度问题,并围绕问题基本输入要素和输出要素构建了该问题的概念模型.通过与车辆调度、车间作业调度等常见资源调度问题对比,强调了该问题的特殊性和巨复杂性,并从任务、资源、约束和优化目标四方面进行了详细论述.最后,基于系统科学观的思想提出采用统筹优化的方法来处理高分辨率对地观测系统任务管控问题,并从系统层次性、涌现性和协调性角度进行了系统分析.     

卫星电视接收系统门限效应的定量分析

门限电平的定量分析对卫生电视系统提高接收微弱信号的能力具有重要的指导作用。从卫星电视系统调频解调的调制增益出发，分析了调频的特点，给出了调频改善度的表达式，进而得出调频门限效应的概念。针对低输入载噪比条例下，S／N与C／N不再满足线性关系，并使输出信噪比急剧下降，此时将脉冲噪声影响考虑进来，对鉴频器输出信噪比进行更深入分析推导，得到调频门限的具体表达公式。通过结论能找到影响调频门限的主要因素，并为提高输出信噪比的技术措施提供依据。     

Pre-processing for time domain image formation in SS-BSAR system

A pre-processing procedure is designed for a space-surface bistatic synthetic aperture radar (SS-BSAR) system when a time domain image formation algorithm is employed. Three crucial technical issues relating to the procedure are fully discussed. Firstly, unlike image formation algorithms operating in the frequency domain, a time domain algorithm requires the accurate global navigation satellite system (GNSS) time and position. This paper proposes acquisition of this information using a time-and-spatial transfer with precise ephemeris and interpolation. Secondly, synchronization errors and compensation methods in SS-BSAR are analyzed. Finally, taking the non-ideal factors in the echo and the compatibility of image formation algorithms into account, a matched filter based on the minimum delay is constructed. Experimental result using real data suggest the pre-processing is functioning properly.     

减少移动卫星对地面站干扰的计算时间

在计算中低轨道移动卫星对固定业务地面站干扰时 ,如何缩减计算时间是个突出的问题。该文提出了加大计算步长和设置仰角阈值两种方法 ,分析了理论上减少计算时间的可能性 ,并通过典型的实例计算研究了这两种方法对计算精度和计算时间的影响。结果表明 ,取样步长往往可以取到相当大 (2 0 0～ 30 0 s左右 ) ,从而使得计算时间大大减小 ;另外 ,通过设置合理的仰角阈值 (15°左右 ) ,引起的误差是允许的 ,也能使得计算时间减少为原来的 90     

三个芍药品种的核型比较

对三种栽培品种芍药的核型进行了比较研究,和野生种芍药的核型相比,除有一对同源染色体上均有随体这一特点外,其余特征和相应野生种相似。     

通信广播卫星的最佳轨位

通信广播卫星对于指定的覆盖区而言,它在静止轨道上的定点位置有个最佳值。本文从减小功率通量密度损失,提高接收仰角要求出发,在理论上导出通信广播卫星的最佳轨位的数学模型,经微型计算机模拟,确定中国通信广播卫星的最佳轨位为104.25°E。文中按此定点位置要求,给出中国主要城市卫星站参数的计算机运行结果。