一种雾天退化场景快速复原方法

针对雾天条件下图像退化的问题,提出一种新的场景复原方法.首先,结合大气散射模型与光学反射成像的特性,对大气耗散函数提出物理约束条件,利用双边滤波的边缘保持特性得到大气耗散函数的初始估计.然后,引入局部均值与局部标准差近似估计图像对比度,从而降低对比度较强的部分区域的雾浓度估计来获取更加准确的大气耗散函数.最后,求解雾图成像方程,恢复理想光照条件下的辐射强度.实验结果表明:该方法对图像的细节和颜色恢复非常有效,并能有效克服边缘残雾现象以及颜色过饱和等不足.     

活性污泥法脱氮条件的优化研究

采用传统活性污泥法处理模拟生活污水,考察了温度、pH值、C/N比及振荡时间对脱氮效果的影响.实验结果表明,在温度为30℃、pH为7、C/N比是12:1及振荡时间为12h时,污水中氮去除效果最好,脱氮效率可达90％.     

饮用水除砷技术研究进展

本文综合介绍了近年来饮用水除砷技术的研究进展,包括强化混凝法、吸附法、离子交换法、生物法和膜法。同时,本文重点介绍了膜除砷技术,相较其他除砷方法,该法不仅除砷效率好,而且能耗低、设备简单、产水率高,是目前最佳的饮用水除砷技术之一,具有广阔的应用前景。     

处理含多环芳烃植物油的吸附剂筛选及其性能评价

为循环利用植物油淋洗修复多环芳烃污染土壤,应用吸附过程去除植物油中的多环芳烃.对10种吸附剂进行吸附柱和批处理筛选实验,评价了这些吸附剂的物理化学性质,从中筛选出最适合的吸附剂.动态吸附柱筛选实验表明,植物油中的多环芳烃在活性炭F400及F300上的吸附量最高,分别为55.39μg.g-1和23.82μg.g-1,说明吸附剂的粒径对吸附效果有重要影响,而多环芳烃在其他几种吸附剂上几乎没有吸附.批处理筛选实验表明,多环芳烃在两种活性炭上的吸附量仍然最多,分别为211.85μg.g-1和203.79μg.g-1.     

膨润土负载纳米铁去除水中甲基橙的研究

采用了液相还原法制备膨润土负载纳米铁,分别考察了膨润土、纳米铁和负载纳米铁对1L、100mg/L的甲基橙溶液的去除率,并探讨了时间、pH值、投加量、温度等对负载纳米铁去除水中甲基橙的影响.结果表明:在投加量为1.00g/L、60r/min、30℃、pH为6.00的条件下,负载纳米铁去除水中甲基橙在前20 min时效果最...     

Simultaneously catalytic removal of NO<Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">x</Emphasis></Subscript> and particulate matter on diesel particulate filter

Diesel engines combine a high fuel economy with high durability and low maintenance costs and are, there-fore, used on a large scale for transportation purposes.However, the environmental pollution by diesel-engine exhausts has become more and more serious in the lastdecade, and currently the regulation of diesel emissions becomes tightened especially with respect to nitrogen ox-ides (NOx) and particulate matters (PM). Since the reduc-tion of both NOx and PM to the admitted level cannot be …     

Reduction process and zinc removal from composite briquettes composed of dust and sludge from a steel enterprise

In this study, composite briquettes were prepared using gravity dust and converter sludge as the main materials; these briquettes were subsequently reduced in a tube furnace at 1000-1300℃ for 5-30 min under a nitrogen atmosphere. The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, and carbon content on the metallization and dezincification ratios of the composite briquettes were studied. The reduced composite briquettes were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The results show that the gravity dust and converter sludge are combined into the composite briquettes and a reasonable combination not only improves the performance of the composite briquettes, but also leads to the reduction with no or little reductant and flux. As the reaction temperature is increased and the reaction time is extended, the metallization and dezincification ratios of the composite briquettes increase gradually. When the composite briquettes are roasted at 1300℃ for 30 min, the metallization ratio and dezincification ratio reaches 91.35% and 99.25%, respectively, indicating that most of the iron oxide is reduced and the zinc is almost completely removed. The carbon content is observed to exert a lesser effect on the reduction process; as the C/O molar ratio increases, the metallization and dezincification ratios first increase and then decrease.     

改性活性炭吸附去除氟硅酸中砷的研究

在本实验中,采用正交实验方法组织实验,并进一步研究确定活性炭的活化所用的酸、碱浓度及活性炭的活化时间对砷的去除率的影响.实验研究结果表明,利用一定浓度的盐酸活化改性活性炭后对砷的去除率有一定的影响,氢氧化钠改性的活性炭对砷的去除率的影响不大.而活性炭在酸碱活化剂中的活化时间对砷的去除率有一定的影响,砷的去除率随着活性炭的活化时间的增长而逐渐增加,然后趋于平衡.     

pH和DO作为A2N-IC-SBR工艺实时控制参数

试验从硝化污泥和聚磷污泥的培养开始至A2N-IC-SBR工艺稳定运行结束,系统地记录了污泥驯化培养阶段、A2N工艺运行阶段、A2N-IC工艺运行阶段中pH和DO的变化与氮磷浓度的关系.结果表明:厌氧阶段pH的变化比较复杂,与进水碳磷比、反硝化聚磷菌和好氧聚磷菌的富集程度等因素有关,不同的进水水质与污泥有不同的变化规律;诱导结晶阶段pH的变化受到钙盐投药方式以及混合方式的影响,pH与SP浓度的变化并不存在明显的相关性;硝化反应中硝化作用完成的特征点较明显,d(DO)/dt最大值点及d(pH)/dt由负变正的特征点均可作为硝化完成的指示点;好氧聚磷阶段,聚磷终点与pH拐点、DO大幅上升出现的时刻相同;缺氧聚磷阶段,pH停止上升的时刻可以用来指示聚磷的完成.     

BFe30-1-1铁白铜熔铸过程中碳含量控制技术研究与实践

BFe30-1-1铁白铜用途重要且特殊,因而质量要求十分严格。铸锭的碳含量控制一直是熔铸生产中的难题。阐述了碳元素对BFe30-1-1铁白铜性能的影响,通过对碳元素来源及熔铸特性的分析研究,在熔铸工艺改进的同时,开发利用熔体精炼净化除杂新技术,有效解决控制铸锭碳含量难题。