Barrier layer in the northeastern South China Sea and its formation mechanism

A VERTICALLY UNIFORM LAYER OF TEMPERATURE(ISOTHERMAL LAYER),SALINITY(ISOHALINE LAYER)AND DENSITY(MIXED LAYER)IS USUALLY FORMED IN THE UPPER OCEAN DUE TO THE WIND STIRRING.UNDERNEATH IS THE LAYER WITH RELATIVELY STRONG VERTICAL GRADIENT AS THE THERMOCLINE,…     

Large-scale low-frequency rainfall regimes and their transition modes in summertime over China

It is well known that the predictable period of daily weather is generally within 2-3 weeks, so spatio-temporal mean predictands have to be employed in the monthly, seasonal, and annual predictions. At present, rainfall patterns (RPs)[1-5] are the key for…     

一次江淮大暴雨嵌套数值模拟试验

利用MM5非静力平衡模式，设计了未嵌套、两生和三重嵌套模式方案，对1999年6月23日一次江淮大暴雨过程进行了实际资料的降水个例试验，重点讨论了嵌套对数值模拟结果的影响。结果表明：嵌套后，随着水平分辩率的提高，模拟的降水量越来越大；三重嵌套的中间层细网格已经可以把雨区范围、降水中心位置、降水强度比较接近实况地模拟出来，最内层累网格中模拟出若干个β中等尺度降水中心；嵌套后内层细网格信息的外传会使外层粗网格的模拟结果有所改善。     

概念性水文模型参数自动优选方法的比较研究

介绍了3种参数自动优选方法：罗森布瑞克法（Rosenbrock）、单纯形法（Simplex）和基因法（Genetic）。应用4个流域的水文资料，以三水源新安江模型为例，分析了基因法参数L和IMAX对优选结果的影响；对这3种优化方法的收敛程度、参数初值的选定以及不同组合情况的优选结果进行了比较研究。结果表明，基因法参数取IMAX＝5000，L＝10时比较合理；3种优化方法各有优点，基因法不依赖于参数初值的选定，罗森布瑞克法收敛速度快，单纯形法精度较高，建议以基因法优选结果为初值，然后采用罗森布瑞克法，最后采用单纯形法，可以得到最佳的优选结果。     

Correlation of coral fluorescence with nearshore rainfall and runoff in Hainan Island, South China Sea

Under UV-laser excitation, the Porites coral from Longwan bay waters. Hainan Island, could emit yellow-green fluorescence. After fitting the data of the fluorescent intensity (FI) of the coral with the rainfall (RF) in nearshore area of Qionghai. a good relationship between FI and RF was found with a linear formula of RF = 889 — 4.54 FI and a correlation coefficient of 0.78. Based on this formula, the rainfall sequence from 1982 to 1997 has been reconstructed. The peak annual rainfall is usually related to global El nino events. By fitting the data of the fluorescent intensity and the runoff (RO). a quadric formula was obtained as RO = — 0.0279FI —18.59 FI - 950.9 with a correlation coefficient of 0.74. The reconstructed runoff sequence from 1982 to 1997 coincided with the rainfall occurrence. The results indicate that flood and drought incidents in coastal areas of the south China are affected by global change to a great extent.     

“810■”号登陆台风暴雨的诊断研究

本文在统计华南登陆台风暴雨的基础上,着重对8107号台风登陆后的强度变化及其暴雨过程进行了诊断研究.结果表明,华南登陆台风及其降水的强度变化主要取决于水汽输送条件的变化,Q_1、Q_2的变化则表明,积云对流及其潜热加热的反馈作用是登陆台风及其暴雨维持和加强的主要机制.     

三峡库区地形与暴雨的气候分析

以三峡库区为例，分析了峡谷地形对暴雨影响的气候特征。结果表明：峡谷地形对谷坡上部和下部暴雨都有很明显的增幅作用，但作用机制不同     

2005年运城市长连阴雨过程分析

在介绍运城市2005年秋季连阴雨雨情的基础上,对环流形势、影响系统、物理量特征、西太平洋副热带高压特征进行了分析,并提出了预报着眼点。     

Validation of three infiltration models on purple soil under simulated rainfall

So as to find models suitable for the prediction of water infiltration in purple soil,infiltration rates simulated by three popular empirical infiltration models,Horton model,Kostiakov model,and the modified Kostiakov model,were compared by using those observed results on slope in purple soil under rainfall simulation.28 sets of infiltration data were divided into two parts for parameter estimation and validation independently.The performance of the three infiltration models was evaluated with the Nash and Sutcliffe efficiency criterion.The results show that the percent for Nash and Sutcliffe efficiency greater than 0.7 is about 69.7% for the Horton model,and 48.48%,and 54.55% for the Kostiakov model and the modified Kostiakov model,respectively.Horton model is better than Kostiakov model and the modified Kostiakov model in most rain events in the field.However,Kostiakov model is still suitable for reasonable prediction of the infiltration in purple soil sloping farmland because fewer parameters are needed.Furthermore,rainfall intensity has significant effects on the parameter values used in the simulation models.The simulation results can be improved by choosing suitable parameters according to the rainfall intensity.     

浅析某海参保苗大棚坍塌的原因

现阶段因土体滑坡造成的安全事故越来越多,如何分析其产生的原因,明确责任成为一个比较棘手的问题。本文通过一个案例对土体滑坡的原因进行了简单的分析,为今后土体滑坡的事故分析提供一定的借鉴。