对称型双偶氮苯化合物的合成、表征及紫外性能探究

以对苯二胺为原料通过重氮化、偶联和亲核取代反应设计合成3类新型的对称型双偶氮苯化合物,讨论并总结合成路线和方法.通过元素分析、核磁、红外等对所得化合物进行结构分析和表征,考察酸碱度、溶剂、不同取代基对偶氮化合物紫外吸收的影响,发现此类化合物的最大吸收波长随着溶液pH的增大、溶剂极性减小、取代基共轭效应增强明显红移.     

中空二氧化硅微球的制备及其在超声成像中的应用研究

具有空心结构的纳米/微米二氧化硅微球由于其独特的性质,受到了广泛的关注,成为国内外科学家的研究热点.简要总结了中空二氧化硅微球的制备方法,对其在超声成像领域的研究进展进行了介绍,并对该领域的发展前景做出了展望,为其进一步研究提供了参考.     

两种加热法合成乙酰苯胺的对比实验研究及其教学效果探讨

分别用常规加热法和微波辐射法合成了乙酰苯胺.结果表明:常规加热法合成的最佳时间为45min,微波辐射法为4min,反应时间比常规加热法缩短了约11倍.微波辐射法的转化率比实验教材给定反应30min的转化率提高了约30%.与学生用常规加热法所得的实验数据比较,微波辐射法得到的收率高,产物纯度高.因此,微波辐射法具有反应速度快、转化率高、产物纯度高等优点.用微波辐射法合成乙酰苯胺既能很好地解决目前学生实验学时紧张的教学问题,又能达到很好的实验效果.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">In situ</Emphasis> measurement of PM<Subscript>1</Subscript> organic aerosol in Beijing winter using a high-resolution aerosol mass spectrometer

Organic aerosol (OA) is a crucial component of atmospheric fine particles. To achieve a better understanding of the chemical characteristics and sources of OA in Beijing, the size-resolved chemical composition of submicron aerosols were measured in-situ using a High-Resolution Time-of-Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometer in the winter of 2010, with a high time resolution of 5 min. During this study, the mean OA mass concentration was 20.9±25.3 μg/m3, varying between 1.9 and 284.6 μg/m3. Elemental analysis showed that the average H/C, O/C and N/C (molar ratio) were 1.70, 0.17, and 0.005, respectively, corresponding to an OM/OC ratio (mass ratio of organic matter to organic carbon) of 1.37. The average mass-based size distributions of OA present a promi- nent accumulation mode peaking at approximately 450 nm. The prominent presence of ultrafine particles (Dva < 100 nm) was mainly from the fresh emissions of combustion sources. A Positive Matrix Factorisation (PMF) analysis of the organic mass spectral dataset differentiated the OA into three components, including hydrocarbon-like (HOA), cooking-related (COA), and oxygenated (OOA) organic aerosols, which, on average, accounted for 26.9%, 49.7% and 23.4%, respectively, of the total organic mass. The HOA and COA likely corresponded to primary organic aerosol (POA) associated with combustion-related and cooking emissions, respectively, and the OOA components corresponded to aged secondary organic aerosol (SOA).     

Efficient synthesis of functionalized 2-pyridones by ytterbium chloride catalyzed tandem condensation

An efficient method was developed for the synthesis of arylidene heterobicyclic 3-cyano-2-pyridones via ytterbium chloride catalyzed tandem condensation of aromatic aldehydes,cyclic ketones,and cyanoacetamide.The conditions and scope of the reaction were investigated and a reaction mechanism was proposed.     

三种苦参碱衍生物的合成与表征

为了发现基于苦参碱的具备良好抗炎活性的化合物,以苦参碱为原料,在二异丙基氨基锂的催化作用下经亲核取代反应合成得到3个未见文献报道的苦参碱衍生物。经实验证实,在反应温度-5℃,反应时间2 h的条件下产率最高。利用红外光谱(IR)、核磁共振氢谱(1H-NMR)、质谱(MS)对所合成的化合物进行了结构表征。     

四（2’-己基）-Δ7,7′-双环戊[1,2-b:4,3-b’]并二噻吩的合成、表征及晶体结构

以2-己基噻吩为起始原料,经溴代、溴迁移、氯化铜氧化偶联、羰基化、成烯偶联制备了四(2’-己基)-Δ7,7′-双环戊[1,2-b:4,3-b’]并二噻吩(1),总产率为18.1%.产物通过了核磁共振、高分辨质谱、红外光谱的表征.X-射线单晶衍射分析确定了该化合物分子的晶体属于三斜晶系,P-1空间群,晶胞尺寸:a=0.8464(5)nm,b=0.9131(5)nm,c=1.3963(9)nm,α=89.873(11)°,β=84.604(10)°,γ=62.711(9)°.该化合物分子是平面型的大π键共轭分子结构.     

α-氯代癸酸磷矿捕收剂的合成及其浮选性能

以癸酸为主要原料,通过氯代和中和反应得到脂肪酸改性产品CH3（CH2）7CHClCOONa,与常规脂肪酸类比较捕收剂W10的浮选效果。结果表明,W10和氯代癸酸钠都有常温浮选效果,两者P2O5回收率均在80％左右,但氯代癸酸钠作为捕收剂时,精矿品位达到30．00％,达到浮选指标,其浮选性能优于W10。     

间苯二酚甲醛树脂粘合剂的制备

在汽车轮胎领域,间苯二酚甲醛树脂是橡胶与钢丝或聚酯帘线之间常用的粘合剂。目前,间苯二酚甲醛树脂粘合剂的主要改性方法为烷基化改性,所制备的改性树脂能有效解决胶料生产过程中的发烟问题,并且在一定程度上提高硫化胶的粘合性能。未来的研究仍将以烷基化改性为主,在解决发烟问题的基础上进一步改善树脂在硫化胶粘合性能和硫化性能等方面的应用效果。     

Solvother mal synthesis of Co1-xNixFe2O4 nanoparticles and its application in ammonia vapors detection

Magnetic Co1-xNixFe2O4 nanoparticles (NPs) were successfully synthesized via a solvothermal method using ethylene glycol as solvent.The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD),field emiss...