温和水热法合成具有纳米棒状次级结构的氧化铜微球及其光学性质

采用温和水热合成法,以CuCl2·H2O为反应原料,使用无毒且易溶于水的十二烷基苯磺酸钠SDBS为模板剂,在氨水体系中合成了具有纳米棒状次级结构的CuO微球,并研究了不同实验条件对CuO微球形貌的影响,发现SDBS和氨水的用量是影响棒状次级结构自组装成球的关键因素,而向体系中引入强碱则会改变棒状次级结构.通过XRD、SEM、TEM及HRTEM对合成产物的结构、晶型、形貌及颗粒大小进行研究.采用FT-IR研究了产物的表面结构.UV-Vis吸收光谱及荧光光谱(PL)结果表明产物在紫外-可见光区具有较强的光捕获能力,并能发出蓝紫光.     

Comparison study of chitosan/β-cyclodextrin and carboxymethyl chitosan/β-cyclodextrin microspheres

To compare two microspheres of chitosan/β-cyclodextrin and carboxymethyl chitosan/β-cyclodextrin loaded theophylline as pulmonary sustained drug delivery carriers, the characteristics and ciliotoxicity were studied. The drug loadings of chitosan/β-cyclodextrin and carboxymethyl chitosan/β-cyclodextrin microspheres were 21.09% and 21.42%, and the encapsulation efficiencies were 91.40% and 92.80%. The distributions of 50% (d _0.5) of chitosan/β-cyclodextrin and carboxymethyl chitosan/β-cyclodextrin microspheres were 4.89 and 5.83 μm, respectively. Both microspheres showed spherical shape with smooth or wrinkled surfaces. FT-IR of chitosan/β-cyclodextrin microspheres demonstrated that theophylline had formed hydrogen bonds with chitosan and β-cyclodextrin, while for the carboxymethyl chitosan/β-cyclodextrin microspheres theophylline had interaction with carboxymethyl chitosan. The moisture absorption showed that an equilibrium was reached within 24 h. The two microspheres possessed better adaptability. In vitro release of theophylline from chitosan/β-cyclodextrin microspheres was slower than that from carboxymethyl chitosan/β-cyclodextrin microspheres at pH 6.8. Biography: LI Ruobao(1968–), male, Associate professor, research direction: foundation research of respiratory system.     

微米磁性复合材料超声波吸收检测研究

目的研究磁性SiO2-Fe3O4-P(NIPAM-co-AA)有机-无机复合微球及复合材料的制备、吸收超声波的能力和吸波机理。方法分别对不同系列样品的超声衰减系数及声速进行测量、比对分析。结果磁性复合材料声衰减系数随SiO2的包覆厚度增大而增大,磁含量大小对声衰减系数有一定的影响,同时超声衰减系数对频率有很强的依赖性。结论复合材料中SiO2的包覆厚度、磁性大小对声衰减系数、超声速度有不同影响,此复合材料应用于超声波吸波材料时在较高频率对超声波的吸收效果好。     

水葫芦水热碳化过程中焦炭物化结构演变特性

以水葫芦为原料,利用高温高压反应釜对240℃、停留时间0.5~24.0h下水热炭物化结构的演变特性进行分析.研究发现:不同停留时间下焦炭的产率及O/C和H/C原子比的范围分别为22.17%~31.67%,0.19~0.45和0.94~1.51,焦炭的热值范围为16.83~20.63 MJ/kg.通过对焦炭进行分析测试,探讨水热炭的生成机理以及炭微球的形成机制,结果表明:4.0h后延长停留时间对焦炭的化学特性没有明显的影响;但是随着时间的进一步延长,水热炭却表现出较好的结构特性,可以观察到焦炭表面有大量微球的生成,具有典型的核壳结构,炭微球的表面含有大量的活性含氧官能团,内部则为低活性的含氧官能团;水热炭比表面积随着时间的延长先增大后减小.     

Polystyrene Microspheres Coated with Smooth Polyaniline Shells: Preparation and Characterization

Polystyrene/polyaniline core-shell structure microspheres were synthesized in the presence of poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) as stabilizer and hydrochloric acid as dopant to improve the processibility of conducting polyaniline. After the one-pot reacting process, the product was easily purified by washing with water. The polyaniline shell covering the polystyrene sphere surface was confirmed with FT-IR and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The conductivity of the polyaniline-coated polystyrene particles was 0.0017 S/cm and increased to 0.1 S/cm after being doped in the HCl vapor. The morphology of the microspheres was characterized by TEM and SEM. The particles show a more uniform and smooth surface than previous particles.     

粉煤灰除磷的试验研究

本文对粉煤灰富铁微珠对磷的去除效果进行研究，并寻找除磷的最优条件。试验结果表明，得到在pH为10，投加量2．5％，搅拌时间；35min，搅拌强度在10r／s，温度取室温（29℃），磷的去除率。     

注射用磁性药物微球的制备研究

采用先形成乳状液,再用加热固化法,可以制得较均匀的磁性药物蛋白微球,其最可几直径为0.15μm.从大小和形状上来看,微球符合磁定向药物的要求.当磁性药物微球处于生理盐水中时,药物可逐步的释放出来.该磁性微球在外磁场控制下易定位,各组成成份的含量也可根据需要来调节.本文还提出了其可能的结构模型.     

SiO2/PMMA无机-有机复合材料的制备与性能

以苯乙烯磺酸钠（NaSS）为离子单体,将其介入甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）与正硅酸乙酯（TEOS）的原位分散聚合体系,以获得较少分散剂用量下的多功能二氧化硅/聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(SiO2/PMMA)复合体系的单分散微球,采用XRD、SEM、TEM、FTIR、TGA和DSC对所获SiO2/PMMA复合微球进行了表征,并对其防水性能及单体合成机理进行了研究。研究结果表明：在分散聚合体系中加入正硅酸乙酯（TEOS）获得的纳米SiO2颗粒,可提高聚合物PMMA的疏水性能,且对该复合材料的透光率影响不大,仍具有很高的透明度。     

硝酸改性碳微球的制备及电化学性能

为了提高碳电极材料的比容量,将悬浮聚合法合成的聚苯乙烯微球经高温碳化后,再通过浓HNO₃液相处理制备改性碳微球电极材料.通过场发射扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、N₂ 吸附解吸仪和傅里叶红外光谱表征所合成碳微球和改性碳微球的形貌和微观结构,以及循环伏安法和恒流充放电法测试改性碳微球电极材料的电化学性能,结果表明:在0.625 A/g的电流密度下改性后碳微球比容量达到246 F/g,且在12.5 A/g的大电流密度下仍然具有比未改性碳微球明显高的比容量.