介观金属环中量子干涉晶体管对电子相干性的影响

研究了介观金属环1个通道上的量子干涉晶体管的栅极电压及其在通道上的位置对电子相干性的影响。理论结果表明,一般情况下改变栅极长度L6(下通道长度L2)会使透射率以π(2π)周期性变化。同时发现栅极在通道上的位置对透射率的周期性不产生影响,仅改变透射率的大小。但当kL6=nπ时,透射率为kL2的函数,周期为π;当kL6=(2n+1)2π时,量子干涉晶体管的位置不影响电子透射率的相干性;当上、下通道长度相等,且kL2=kL=nπ时,透射率恒为1,与栅极长度及其在通道上的位置无关。     

基于3D Voronoi模型形状不规则度组合梯度泡沫金属的动态冲击力学性能研究

泡沫金属的力学性能与其细观结构参数密切相关.四个形状不规则度参数梯度组合的3 D Voronoi结构模型被用于开展动态冲击数值仿真实验,探究不同冲击速度下形状不规则度梯度组合类型对泡沫金属的变形特性、荷载-位移和能量吸收特性的影响.结果表明,冲击速率仅在临界速度范围内时对形状不规则度梯度组合模型的力学性能有明显影响,沿...     

Effect of Ni addition on the glass-forming ability and soft-magnetic properties of FeNiBPNb metallic glasses

The effect of Ni addition on the glass-forming ability (GFA) and soft-magnetic properties of an (Fe1-xNix)75.5B14.5P7Nb3 (x=0-0.6) alloy system were investigated. We found that the addition of Ni was effective in allowing the alloy to approach a eutectic point as well as increasing the thermal stability of the supercooled liquid. By increasing the amount of Ni,the supercooled liquid region (ΔTx),the reduced glass transition temperature Trg (Tg/Tl) and the Y parameter [Tx/(Tg+Tl)] increased from 49 to 75 K,0...     

Magnetocaloric effect in Er-Al-Co bulk metallic glasses

A series of Er-Al-Co bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) have been prepared by the copper mold casting method. The glass forming ability and magnetocaloric effect (MCE) for these alloys have been investigated. The second-order magnetic transition from para-magnetic to ferromagnetic states takes place at about 9 K. These BMGs exhibit excellent MCE because of their large effective magneton number; Er56Al24Co20 BMG has a maximum entropy change and refrigeration capacity of 16.06 J kg-1 K-1 and 546 J kg-1,respectively...     

准晶：奇特而又平凡的晶体—— 2011年诺贝尔化学奖简介

准晶是具有长程准周期性平移序和非晶体学旋转对称的固态有序相。它的出现导致了晶体学与凝聚态物质结构理论的一次革命，极大推动了相关学科的完善和发展。其发现者Daniel Shechtman因此获得2011年度诺贝尔化学奖。本文简介了准晶的发现、结构特征和发展现状，同时介绍了中国科学家在这一领域的独特贡献。     

Atomic packing and short-to-medium range order evolution of Zr-Pd metallic glass

A larger-scale Zr₇₀Pd₃₀ alloy system has been simulated using molecular dynamics (MD) to investigate structure evolution in Zr₇₀Pd₃₀ metallic glass. The simulated pair distribution function of Zr₇₀Pd₃₀ metallic glass agrees well with the experimental results. Voronoi polyhedron analysis indicates that the icosahedra are not randomly distributed in space, but form characteristic intercrossed icosahedral clusters with medium-range order. Intercrossed icosahedral clusters are the dominant local configurations in Zr₇₀Pd₃₀ metallic glass and probably cause the quasicrystalline phase discovered in Zr₇₀Pd₃₀ metallic glass.     

路用钢纤维砼抗折疲劳特性研究

研究了路用钢纤维砼(SFRC)抗折与疲劳性能,分析了纤维体积率(V_(sf))和长径比(l_(sf)/d_(sf))对抗折和疲劳性能的影响规律,提出并讨论了可供设计应用的SFRC疲劳方程。通过结构形成与破坏过程的分析,探讨了SFRC破坏机理。用SFRC疲劳方程计算了各级路面厚度。实验研究与工程实践表明,路用SFRC的V_(sf)以1～1.2%比较经济合理,据此设计的路面厚度与普通砼相比可减小40%左右,缩缝间距有可能延长至35m以上.     

整浇楼板框架节点自控试验研究

根据结构自控理论设计了整浇楼板钢纤维高强混凝土（ＳＦＨＲＣ）节点梁柱组合体，抗震试验表明，这种结构可控制结构的破坏形态，实现结构自控。对整浇楼板框架节点的结构自控设计提供了建议，并给出算例，证实可节省钢材。     

机械合金化法制备简单金属合金玻璃的研究

将晶态Ｍｇ、Ｚｎ、Ａｌ元素粉末混合，用机械合金化方法制备了Ｍｇ－Ｚｎ、Ａｌ－Ｍｇ合金玻璃。用Ｘ射线衍射技术测定了不同球磨时间样品的Ｘ射线衍射图谱，分析考察了非晶化的过程及其影响因素，讨论了重新晶化的现象．     

金属基复合材料参数对断裂韧性的影响

提出新的断裂理论模型，描述粒子强化的金属基复合材料的屈服强度，杨氏模量、粒子尺寸等材料参数与平面应变断裂韧性的关系，揭示粒子尺寸对断裂韧性的影响，并与实验相比较，结果表明：该模型与实验相吻合。