Nax Co2 O4陶瓷的力学弛豫和阻抗弛豫研究

 采用溶胶－凝胶法制备得到了γ-Na_x Co₂ O₄陶瓷,利用动态力学分析仪（DMA）在120～370 K和1～20 Hz的温度、频率范围内测量其内耗－温度谱,首次观测到γ-Na_x Co₂ O₄陶瓷在150 K附近的弛豫内耗峰,激活能为0.39 eV。采用高精度阻抗测量仪 (TH2816) 测量了γ-Na_x Co₂ O₄陶瓷在100～300 K,2 kHz～100 kHz的温度、频率范围内的阻抗－温度谱,观测到室温以下的阻抗弛豫峰,其激活能为0.13 eV,阻抗弛豫峰在外加磁场(1kGs)下向低温方向移动。这些结果表明:γ- Na_x Co₂ O₄陶瓷具有不同的力学和电学弛豫机制。     

Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times of the family Araucariaceae based on the DNA sequences of eight genes

Araucariaceae is one of the most primitive families of the living conifers, and its phylogenetic relationships and divergence times are critically important issues. The DNA sequences of 8 genes, i.e., nuclear ribosomal 18S and 26S rRNA, chloroplast 16S rRNA, rbcL, matK and rps4, and mitochondrial coxl and atpl, obtained from this study and GenBank were used for constructing the molecular phylogenetic trees of Araucariaceae, indicating that the phyiogenetic relationships among the three genera of this family should be （（Wollemia, Agathis）, Araucaria）. On the basis of the fossil calibrations of Wollemia and the two tribes Araucaria and Eutacta of the genus Araucaria, the divergence time of Araucariaceae was estimated to be （308± 53） million years ago, that is, the origin of the family was in the Late Carboniferous rather than Triassic as a traditional view. With the same gene combination, the diver- gence times of the genera Araucaria and Agathis were （246 ± 47） and （61 ±15） Ma, respectively. Statis- tical analyses on the phylogenetic trees generated by using different genes and comparisons of the divergence times estimated by using those genes suggested that the chloroplast matK and rps4 genes are most suitable for investigating the phylogenetic relationships and divergence times of the family Araucariaceae.     

The preparation and application of microbubble contrast agent combining ultrasound imaging and magnetic resonance imaging

Encapsulated gas microbubbles are well known as ultrasound contrast agents （UCAs） for medical ultrasound （US） imaging. With the development of shell materials and preparation technologies, the application of microbubbles has been enormously popular in molecular imaging, drug delivery and targeted therapy, etc. The objective of this study is to develop Fe3O4 nanoparticle-inclusion microbubble construct. The in vitro US imaging experiment indicates that the Fe3O4 nanoparticle-inclusion microbubbles have higher US enhancement than those without Fe3O4 nanoparticle-inclusion. According to the microbubble dynamic theory, the acoustic scattering properties can be quantified by scattering cross-section of the shell. The scattering study on Fe3O4 nanoparticle-inclusion microbubbles of different concentration shows that within a certain range of concentration, the scattering cross-section of microbubble increases with the addition of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. When exceeding the concentration range, the ultrasonic characteristic of microbubbles is damped. On the other hand, since Fe3O4 nanoparticles can also serve as the Magnetic Resonance Imaging （MRI） contrast agent, they can be potentially used as contrast agents for the double-modality （MRI and US） clinical studies. However, it is important to control the concentration of Fe3O4 nanoparticles in the shell in order to realize the combined functions of US and MRI.     

络合萃取法提取6 硝基 1 2 重氮氧萘 4 磺酸

用络合萃取法对6-硝生产母液中的6-硝基-1,2-重氮氧萘-4-磺酸进行了萃取研究.在室温下,以体积分数30%的三辛胺(N-235)氯仿溶液为萃取剂,萃取荆与母液体积比1:1,萃取60Min,萃取可率达96.1%;以质量分数12%的NaOH溶液为反萃取剂反萃有机相,有机相与NaOH溶液体积比2:1,反萃取60 Min,反萃取率可达94.3%.     

聚L-赖氨酸接枝聚乙二醇刷状共聚物添加剂摩擦学性能研究

研究了刷状共聚物聚L-赖氨酸接枝聚乙二醇水润滑添加剂在Si3N4陶瓷表面的吸附特性及其在不同速度、不同应用载荷条件下的润滑特性。采用X射线光电子能谱仪、椭圆偏光仪研究其吸附特性。在销盘式摩擦磨损试验机上测定不同速度、不同应用载荷条件下的摩擦系数,分析其润滑特性。在原子力显微镜下观察Si3N4陶瓷表面磨痕形貌。结果表明,聚L-赖氨酸接枝聚乙二醇共聚物添加剂能在摩擦副表面形成刷状吸附膜,在高速、低速和不同应用载荷条件下,都能明显减小摩擦副表面的摩擦系数。     

H0.8Ni0.4Ti1.6O4/TiO2纳米复合材料的合成及光催化性质

用固相合成法制备出K0.8Ni0.4Ti1.6O4,并用离子交换法制备出H0.8Ni0.4Ti1.6O4;通过C6H13NH2层间膨胀,TiO2粒子的插入和紫外光分解等反应,合成出一种新的层状光催化纳米复合材料H0.8Ni0.4Ti1.6O4/TiO2.X射线衍射和漫反射等表征结果表明:该样品的层间高度为0.37 nm,禁带能隙为3.35 eV和2.58 eV.用可见光范围(大于400 nm)的光照射30 min,0.4 g样品可使甲基橙溶液(20 mg/L)的降解率达到21.9%,而同样条件下,标准TiO2(P-25)仅为6.2%,表明所研制的层状纳米复合材料具有较高的光催化活性.     

Tm3+:Sr3 Y2(BO3)4晶体光谱特性的研究

生长了掺Tm3+离子Sr3 Y2(BO3)4晶体,并对其光谱性能进行了研究.应用J-O理论分析并计算了线性强度振子与唯象参数,得到唯象参数Ω2、Ω4和Ω6值分别为2.691×10-20、2.432×10-20和1.287×10-20cm2.采用RM法,计算了Tm3+:Sr3 Y2(BO3)4晶体3 F4→3H6跃迁的发射截面,并讨论了该晶体在近红外波段的增益截面与粒子数反转率问的关系.与其它掺Tm3+晶体相比,Tm3+:Sr3 Y2(BO3)4晶体有较大的发射截面和较宽的调谐范围.     

Bi4－xNdxTi3O12单晶的光谱学特性研究

使用自助熔生长法生长Bi4－xNdxTi3O12（BNdT,x=0,0．5,0．85）单晶,研究了Nd掺杂对BNdT单晶光谱学特性的影响．常温拉曼光谱结果表明：随Nd含量的增加,BNdT中TiO6八面体振动模式有所增强;Nd含量增加到一定值,BNdT单晶可能在常温下发生铁电-N电相转变;位于（Bi2O2）^2＋层的Bi-O振动模式随Nd掺杂量增加而减弱,表明Nd含量较低时,Nd^3＋离子仅仅取代伪钙钛矿层的Bi^3＋离子,当Nd含量较高时,有部分Nd^3＋离子开始替换（Bi2O2）^2＋层中的Bi^3＋离子．紫外-可见光谱结果表明,BNdT单晶具有间接带隙跃迁的特点,而且单晶的禁带宽度随Nd掺杂含量的增加而减小。     

溶胶凝胶法制备锂离子电池正极材料LiFePO4

介绍了溶胶凝胶法制备LiFePO4的几个不同的实例,分析了溶胶凝胶法的优缺点.采用溶胶凝胶法合成振实密度大的多孔材料,可以提高LiFePO4的高倍率充放电性能与改善电池的体积比能量,使用有机溶剂可缩短该方法合成周期.     

镁离子掺杂对LiFePO4/C复合正极材料性能的影响

为了提高正极材料LiFePO4的电化学性能,采用两步固相法合成LiFe1-xMgxPO4/C(x=0、0.01、0.02、0.03、0.04)复合正极材料,并对所得样品进行XRD、SEM、以及充放电循环性能测试.测试结果表明:掺杂少量的Mg2+并没有影响材料的结构,所得样品都为单一的橄榄石型;充放电结果表明掺杂Mg2+为0.02的样品即LiFe0.98Mg<,002>PO4/C电化学性能最佳,在0.2C倍率下首次放电比容量为149.32 mAh/g,经过50个循环,仍然有138.37 mAh/g,衰减仅率为7.33%.