贵州、广西石炭纪晚期生物礁群落生态系统对比

为了深入认识石炭纪晚期生物礁的生物和环境因素对礁体发育的影响,通过礁群落生态和栖息环境两个方面,对贵州、广西石炭纪晚期造礁生物群落生态特征、生物因素对礁群落发育的影响、礁体发育背景和礁体建造规模的影响等方面进行对比研究.贵州猴场地区造礁生物群落中关键种优势地位明显,造礁生物生长迅速、统殖能力强,礁体规模大使得生物礁发育较成熟;广西浪平地区点礁中没有明显的关键种和优势种,造礁生物生态特点不突出、造礁能力弱,滩相环境影响显著和礁体规模偏小是其礁体发育差的直接原因.     

利用比较基因组学定位马铃薯抗晚疫病主效基因R10

晚疫病是马铃薯第一大病害。马铃薯抗晚疫病基因R10抗谱广、应用价值大,常用于马铃薯抗病杂交育种。R10位点位于马铃薯11号染色体的短臂末端,与已克隆的抗晚疫病基因R3a同属于抗晚疫病主效位点的单倍型。对包含195个基因型的R10基因的分离群体进行了晚疫病菌株接种和遗传分析,确定R10为抗晚疫病菌株89148-9的主效单基因。应用比较基因组学和BSA分析,开发了6个与R10连锁的分子标记,并将R10定位在1001T和C2_At5g59960两个遗传距离为2.6cM分子标记之间。R10位于已克隆的抗晚疫病基因R3a的近端粒区。本研究所获得的遗传图谱为通过图位克隆和比较基因组学克隆R10基因打下基础。     

120-150 ka human tooth and ivory engravings from Xinglongdong Cave, Three Gorges Region, South China

Rich paleoanthropological materials were unearthed in primary context from the Xinglongdong Cave in Fengjie County, Chongqing, South China, including a human tooth, numerous mammalian fossils, some stone artifacts and a Stegodon tusk exhibiting intentional engravings.Based on biostratigraphic data and uranium series dating,the cave was utilized as a human shelter about 120000-150000 years ago. It is the first time that an archaic Homo sapiens fossil has been unearthed from the Three Gorges Region. Engravings on the Stegodon tusk appear in groups,making up simple and abstract images. It is the earliest known engravings created by human beings; it exhibits great potential for the study of the origin of art and the development of ancient cultures in south China and bears important implications for the origin of modern humans in East Asia.     

清末女子留日热潮的成因

甲午战败激起留日热潮，妇女解放开启女子留学先河，兴办女学急需新学女师，清朝政府倡导女子游学，日本朝野欢迎女子留日等因素，形成了清末女子的留日热潮。     

用小波变换和神经网络检测心室晚电位

提出了一种基于小波变换和神经网络的晚电位时域检测改进方法 .对矢量幅值波进行连续小波变换 ,然后从矢量幅值波的时频能量分布中提取心室晚电位的 8个特征值 ,送入人工神经网络进行晚电位的自动检测 .实验结果表明 :这种检测方法可有效降低噪声影响 ,提高心室晚电位的检测准确率 .     

湘江下游更新世沉积环境的初步研究

对长江中游的支流的湘江下游新开铺、铜官和白沙井等几个典型地点取样进行粒度分析和ESR测年，结果表明，这些沉积物是在这一地区沉积物沉积时的水动力作用较弱，沉积颗粒较细，分选程度较为一致，为浅湖滨相沉积，且年轻的地层基本上覆盖在年老的地层上．     

出世人格的纯粹化与唐末隐逸诗人的艺术取向

唐末隐风的盛行是朝政紊乱、阉寺弄权、科举失衡以及战乱不休的苦难现实多重作用的结果;与前代隐君相比,以南国才俊为主体的唐末隐逸诗人群体,出世态度更为坚决。隐逸人格在与仕宦人格的分离中渐臻纯粹,而隐、仕作家群体之间广泛持久的交流唱和又促使两种人格实现了以出世为指向的相通与契合。作为遁世人格的艺术表现,唐末隐君大多追求清丽闲远的纯美诗境;少数诗人则将狭隘萎缩的乱世心态集中体现在寒苦僻涩的苦吟作品中。唐末隐逸诗人一丝不苟的创作,展示着唐诗艺术走向衰落时的执著与凄美。     

Early Pleistocene formation of the asymmetric east-west pattern of upper water structure in the equatorial Pacific Ocean

Surface-and subsurface-dwelling planktonic foraminifera from the upper 43 m of Hole A at the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 807,which was recovered from the western Pacific warm pool during ODP Leg 130,were analyzed for stable oxygen and carbon isotopes.By comparing these results with data from ODP Site 851 in the eastern equatorial Pacific,this study has reconstructed the paleoceanographic changes in upper ocean waters in the equatorial Pacific since 2.5 Ma.During the period from 1.6-1.4 Ma,the oxygen isotopes of surface and subsurface waters were found to markedly change in the western and eastern equatorial Pacific,further confirming the final formation of the well-defined asymmetric east-west (E-W) pattern at that time.This feature was similar to the zonal temperature gradient (sea surface temperature is higher in the west and lower in the east) and the asymmetric upper water structure (thermocline depth is deeper in the west and shallower in the east) in the modern equatorial Pacific.The zonal gradient change of subsurface water δ18O was greater than that of surface water δ18O,indicating that the formation of the asymmetric E-W pattern in the equatorial Pacific should be much more related to the shoaled thermocline and markedly decreased subsurface water temperature in the eastern equatorial Pacific.Moreover,since ～1.6 Ma,the carbon isotopic differences between surface and subsurface waters clearly decreased in the equatorial Pacific,and their long-term eccentricity periods changed from 400 ka to ～500 ka,reflecting the reorganization of the ocean carbon reservoir.This probably resulted from the deep water reorganization in the Southern Ocean at that time and its enhanced influence on the tropical Pacific (especially subsurface water).Our study demonstrates that the tropical ocean plays an important role in global climate change.     

晚清藏边民族纠纷解决中的角色职能析论——以光绪年间循化厅所辖藏区为例

晚清藏边民族纠纷解决中,看似杂乱的角色分配对象,若以其角色职能爬梳甄别,便可脉络清晰。以光绪年间循化厅所辖藏区为例,在民族纠纷解决中,直接参与的角色分配对象有循化厅之下属抚番府、营、县、营汛、司、所;寺院中嘉木样、新旧昂锁、红布、具有威望的活佛、熟知番事的喇嘛;民间的部落头人、乡老、邻里等。但是,按其角色职能进行归类,可以分为谕饬、讲说、弹压;勘查、缉捕、调兵;研讯、保释、鉴结,这些角色职能同时也可以反映出民族纠纷解决的基本程序。     

新疆博格达山晚古生代花岗岩地球化学特征及构造意义

分布在博格达山东段北缘的花岗岩类,侵入于早石炭世玄武岩及酸性火山碎屑岩中,具较高的Si(w(SiO_2)=69.50%～71.40%),低Mg(w(MgO)=0.82%～1.10%)和Al(w(Al_2O_3)=13.89%～14.30%),w(K_2O)/w(Na_2O)=0.73～0.83,w(Al_2O_3)/(w(K_2O)+w(Na_2O)+w(CaO))=0.98～1.10,显示花岗岩为准铝质Ⅰ型花岗岩.岩石富集K,Rb,Ba,Th,U及LREE(w(La)/w(Yb))_N=5.69～7.72,亏损高场强元素(Nb,Ta,P,Ti)和Sr,具弱Eu负异常(δEu=0.81)和较低的占δ~(18)O(6.08‰),以及低w(Sr)(158×10~(-6)～169×10~(-6)),w(Yb)(2.09×10~(-6)～2.85×10~(-6)),w(Y)(17.00×10~(-6)～23.60×10~(-6))和MREE略亏损(Ho_NYb_N)的地球化学特征.推断研究区花岗岩源于先前形成的底侵玄武质岩石(新生地壳)受热发生重熔作用,源区存在有限的角闪石+斜长石+辉石残留,形成于陆内裂谷环境,其动力学机制应与石炭纪克拉麦里蛇绿岩带或康古尔塔格碰撞带所代表的古大洋消减引起的陆内拉张作用有关.