晚清司法改革实践与反思

通过借鉴、移植国外司法制度,晚清政府进行了建立新式司法制度的司法改革,并取得一系列的成果.然而,由于晚清司法改革是在特定历史条件下进行的,司法改革更多的是注重在法律形式方面与外国接轨而忽视本国的实际,因此,这必然导致司法改革无法达到预期的效果.但是,晚清司法改革实践为眼下法律移植提供了宝贵的历史经验.     

郑州—洛阳黄河南岸黄土地层及更新世环境分析

重点介绍了河南豫西地区洛阳－郑州间黄河南岸邙岭的两个黄土剖面,并进行了岩石和磁性地层划分对比,证实了该区黄土最早形成于早更新世晚期的第九层粉砂层（Ｌ９）。在此基础上对黄河的发育及区域更新世环境变迁进行了初步分析。     

陕西蓝田锡水洞遗址鼠科化石（I）

系统描述了陕西蓝田锡水洞遗址的洞穴堆积物中用筛洗法采集的鼠科化石的４属６种：Ｍ．ｍｕｓｃｕｌｕｓ，Ａｐｃｄｅｍｕｓｃｈｅｖｒｉｅｒｉ，Ａ．ａｇｒａｒｉｕｓ，Ａｐｏｄｅｍｕｓｓｐ．，Ｖ，ｃｆｆｏｒａｍｅｎａ，Ｌｅａｐｏｄａｌｍｙｓｃｆ．ｅｄｗａｒｄｓｉ，并分析了它们的古环境意义。     

滕北煤系上覆地层的孢粉组合及其地层意义

本文根椐腾北煤田煤系上覆地层中发现的生物化石组合,进一步阐述了鲁西南地区晚侏罗世地层的存在,并首次发现了该区零星分布的老第三纪中—晚始新世官庄组沉积,为本区中、新生代地层层序的建立奠定了基础。     

全新世以来长江口演变影响因素探讨

利用历史地理资料和地貌、水文等方面的前人研究成果,针对长江口地区是中国经济最发达的地区之一,它的大部分地区尤其是长江北岸沿海平原的如皋、南通、上海的一部分成陆时间相对较晚,在它们的成陆过程中,河口沙洲起了重要作用,可是河口沙洲的成陆模式还是有许多未解决的、没有达成统一共识的问题做了初步研究.认为:河口地区在发育过程中不仅有河流径流及海洋的水动力因素,而且人类活动等在长江口成陆过程中也发挥了促进或减缓成陆速度的作用.其中人类活动在公元4世纪后的影响变得十分显著.     

120-150 ka human tooth and ivory engravings from Xinglongdong Cave, Three Gorges Region, South China

Rich paleoanthropological materials were unearthed in primary context from the Xinglongdong Cave in Fengjie County, Chongqing, South China, including a human tooth, numerous mammalian fossils, some stone artifacts and a Stegodon tusk exhibiting intentional engravings.Based on biostratigraphic data and uranium series dating,the cave was utilized as a human shelter about 120000-150000 years ago. It is the first time that an archaic Homo sapiens fossil has been unearthed from the Three Gorges Region. Engravings on the Stegodon tusk appear in groups,making up simple and abstract images. It is the earliest known engravings created by human beings; it exhibits great potential for the study of the origin of art and the development of ancient cultures in south China and bears important implications for the origin of modern humans in East Asia.     

A preliminary report on the newly found Tianyuan Cave, a Late Pleistocene human fossil site near Zhoukoudian

The Tianyuan Cave is the only human fossil-bearing site containing rich mammalian fossils found in the last decades near Zhoukoudian. Up to now more than 34 specimens of the human body have been recovered, and the mammalian fossils can be put into 29 species. Cervids dominate the fauna, and carnivores are very rare. Based on the primary examination, the human fossils can be attributed to the species Homo sapiens. All the mammalian fossils, except one between tooth of Crocuta belong to the species that still exist today. But some of them are the first records in fossil form north of the Yellow River, such as Arctonyx and Capricornis. Based on the mammalian fauna study, it seems that the Tianyuan Cave can be correlated with the Upper Cave.Sixty-three percent of the species of the mammalian fauna from the Tianyuan Cave are also present in the Upper Cave.The characters of the deposits also share some similarities between the Tianyuan Cave and the Upper Cave; both of them are mainly composed of breccia without cement. The dating using the U-series method on deer tooth samples indicates that the geological age of the new site is around 25 thousand years B.P. This is the first discovery of human sites outside the core area of the Peking Man Site at Zhoukoudian,which throws new light onto this world famous site complex.     

简论清末新政经济改革的历史作用

清末新政在经济改革中的各类经济法规的制定与颁行 ,在中国法律史上有着前驱先路的重要历史地位 ,对近代中国经济法制建设产生了重要影响 ;新政的重商与奖励实业政策 ,极大地促进了民间投资和商人社会地位的提高 ;商会的建立 ,为民族资产阶级初步形成一支独立的阶级队伍而登上历史舞台创造了条件 ;一系列发展资本主义经济的措施 ,使这一时期中国经济建设达到了前所未有的高潮     

论清末社会性情感小说的主题

清末的社会性情感小说是言情小说的一种,但因它对“情”描写的缺乏和说教意味的浓厚,所以它又不是完整意义上的言情小说。清末特殊的社会、政治、文化背景,对小说家的创作产生了深刻的影响,使得清末社会性情感小说形成了“借儿女言家国”、“借儿女言节义”、“借儿女言自由”等三种最具代表性的主题模式,这种主题模式虽然流行很短,但在近代小说转型史上是具有历史意义的,同时,它也为言情小说在清末的发展铺平了道路。     

Summer sea-surface temperatures and climate events on the North Icelandic shelf through the last 3000 years

Diatom data from core MD992271 on the North Icelandic shelf record a cooling trend through the last 3000 years. This is indicated by a general decrease in warm water species and an increase in cold water taxa. The relative abundance of these two diatom groups changed periodically, suggesting that the climate also fluctuated within this time period. The results of diatom-based transfer function calculation show that the summer sea-surface temperatures (SSTs) before 1400 cal. a BP were generally higher than the mean value for the last 3000 years and the summer SSTs fluctuated around the mean between 1400 and 700 cal. a BP, and dropped to the values below the mean after 700 cal. a BP. Four cooling events were distinguished, centered at around 2600, 1900, 1300 and 600 cal. a BP respectively. The results are not only consistent with the data from neighbouring cores HM107-03 and MD992275, but also comparable with those from the GISP2 ice core and from other marine sediment records in the North Atlantic. This suggests that changes in the summer SSTs reflect regional climate variations in the North Atlantic. On the North Icelandic shelf, the summer SST variation is a result of changes in the in-teraction between the cold and the warm currents in the area.