Two nesting behaviours and life history of a subsocial African dungrolling beetle,Scarabaeus catenatus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)

Nesting behaviour of a large-sized dung beetle, Scarabaeus catenatus (Gerstaecker), was observed at the Tsavo West National Park, south-eastern Kenya. Although this species is taxonomically a member of a dung-roller group (that is, subfamily Scarabaeinae), it had not only a rolling behaviour but also a tunneller behaviour for nesting. In the former case, the scarab rolled a chunk or a ball of dung some distance (0·5–15·5m) away from the dung pat and buried it under the ground. In the latter case, it dug a tunnel near the dung pat (0–1 m) and transported several pieces of dung into the burrow. In both cases, brood nests were completed by a female alone or by male-female co-operation. Four days after dung burial, the female made one to four brood balls out of buried dung, in each of which she deposited an egg. On the other hand, the male left the nest soon after the female completed oviposition. Even after oviposition, the female stayed in the nest and cared for her progeny until they emerged. This indicates that S. catenatus is subsocial. A major source of offspring mortality was likely to be predation by driver ants (Dorylus sp.). Most females seemed to breed one time in each of two or more successive rainy seasons.     

余靖研究综述

余靖是北宋一位内涵丰富、学养很高的文化名人.近二三十年以来,学界对他以及相关问题进行了一系列的研究,取得了不少的成果.这些研究成果主要体现在三个方面：余靖生平事迹研究、余靖思想研究、余靖撰述研究.虽然取得了上述成果,但余靖其人和其撰述方面还有很大的研究空间.现对已有的研究成果进行梳理、总结,以期有助于余靖研究的进一步深化.     

“美丽中国”视阈下的大学生“美丽人生”思想政治教育内容及路径探索

党的十八大提出了建设“美丽中国”新理念。“美丽中国”的建设离不开人的美丽，“美丽人生”是“美丽中国”的人文基础，而“美丽人生”离不开大学生这个特殊群体的人生的美丽，“美丽人生”的获得离不开大学生思想政治教育。为此，高校要强化主导制、导师制、人文制和协同制，让“美丽中国”因为有大学生人生的美丽而蕴含人文的光彩。     

前生醒觉竟伤逝,今世混沌只半生——亦舒《我的前半生》与鲁迅《伤逝》的书写比较

鲁迅的《伤逝》是从男性角度写感情蜕变的故事,亦舒的《我的前半生》写的是同样的主题,但是却写出了不一样的结局。这种变化为我们展示了不同时代背景下男女作家对婚姻的不同诠释,以及女性在新时代中的不同选择和不同命运。     

闵珪考略

闵珪乃明代湖州籍名臣，一生屡按数省，四任刑官，平叛抚民。政绩卓著。为人刚直，治狱严正，为人所称道。依据相关典籍，勾勒闵珪的生平事迹，有助于更深入、更全面了解这位明代湖州籍名臣。     

尤纳斯的责任律令对环境哲学的启示

面对现代技术增长引起的生态危机及其对生命的威胁,尤纳斯将生命纳入责任的范畴,提出了责任律令:要如此行为以保证你的行为后果不摧毁未来生命的可能性。这条责任律令是存在的命令,是存在的目的中体现出来的生命的价值。它突破了人类中心主义,要求人类将义务的对象扩展到所有生命的存在,承担起延续未来生命的责任,并为生命的持续审慎地发展。     

Canopy fogging,a method of collecting living insects for investigations of life history strategies

Results of an intensive and diverse sampling programme of ground beetles (Carabidae), carried out in North Sulawesi (Indonesia), indicate that for some arboreal species of this group insecticide fogging is the most productive method of collecting. Specimens collected using this technique have provided important information on the life history strategies of arboreal carabids. The use of an insecticide with high knock-down and low kill components allowed some individuals collected to recover sufficiently to reproduce on subsequent provision of suitable climatic conditions. These results indicate that insecticides can be used to collect samples of species of arboreal arthropods not normally collected by other techniques for taxonomic, life history and other biological studies.     

基于人工生命的舰艇编队对海作战仿真研究

目的:为了研究一些主观等定性因素对现代海上战斗结果的影响.方法:采用人工生命方法开发了基于多Agent的水面舰艇编队对海作战模拟系统.运用一种决策因子结构建立了Agent行为决策模型,采取遗传算法实现了Agent的适应性.结果:分析了决策因子结构对作战结果的影响.结论:人工生命方法为分析定性因素对战斗结果的影响提供了一种新的手段,可以较好地从整体上揭示现代海战作战过程的作战规律.     

糖类遗传与生命起源

从遗传学角度探讨了糖类与生命起源，讨论了遗传学上的再认识，提出糖类在遗传学上扮演着重要、核心的角色、糖类是生命起源物质，基因是糖类衍生物。生命诞生过程可能是：先有糖类、然后有氨基酸和碱基；磷酸及其盐类既是生命物质的组成部分、也是催化剂，阳光或地热为能源，于是诞生了基因。生命体是分子相互作用、有序组合、自我调控的耗散体系。     

罗伯特·弗罗斯特的自传主题诗评析

20世纪的英美文学世界充溢着现代主义,然而罗伯特.弗罗斯特仍以田园风光作为背景,以自己的生活经历作为诗歌创作的主题,保持传统的诗歌创作形式,并获得了巨大的成功。从弗罗斯特的两首名诗——《家葬》、《未选择之路》可探索其自传主题诗,发掘其诗歌创作的生活原型。