化学链燃烧中赤铁矿氧载体的本征反应动力学研究

本文对一种化学链燃烧所用赤铁矿氧载体进行了本征还原反应动力学研究。氧载体颗粒的比表面积及孔径分布测试显示此种氧载体的孔隙率为0.031,表明此种氧载体结构致密,孔隙结构不发达。热重反应器上进行的程序升温还原实验结果显示氧载体的还原反应分阶段进行,并确定第一还原阶段的温度测试窗口为400~650°C。在排除了氧载体颗粒内外扩散的影响后,批次流化床实验分析确定反应的本征活化能为138.55 k J/mol,指前因子为6.8×1013s-1。通过对内外扩散因素的分析,加深了对此种氧载体颗粒与CO的宏观反应特性的认识。本研究结论与前人关于缩核模型、外扩散控制以及较小的表观活化能的研究结论具有良好的相容性。     

纺缍形α-Fe2O3/聚苯乙烯复合高分子微球的制备、表征及等电性研究

以纺缍形α-Fe2O3超微粉为内核，过硫酸钾为引发剂，聚乙二醇为分散剂和稳定剂，乙醇／水为分散介质，苯乙烯为单体，用改进的分散聚合法合成了核／壳型纺锤形的高分子微球，并用XRD、TEM和IR进行了表征。粒子的分散性较好，粒径分布窄。由于亲水性的α-Fe2O3与亲油性的苯乙烯亲合性较差，在实验中采用了超声分散、预先溶胀和预先吸附引发剂、分散剂的方法，增强了粉末表面的亲油性，合成的高分子微球，其长轴平均为0．26μm，短轴平均为0．09μm，轴比为2．9，同时测定了不同pH值时粒子包膜前后的Zeta电位值，并根据粒子等电点的变化计算出包膜厚度，与电镜照片的结果比较吻合。     

草分枝杆菌对赤铁矿、石英絮凝能力的比较

采用重力沉降法对草分枝杆菌絮凝赤铁矿、石英的能力进行了比较实验.结果表明,草分枝杆菌对赤铁矿的絮凝能力明显强于它对石英的絮凝能力,造成它们絮凝能力差异的主要原因是形成聚团结构的大小及其紧密程度的不同.     

高压辊磨机粉碎贫赤铁矿产品粒度特性

研究了贫赤铁矿经高压辊磨机开路、边料循环闭路和筛分全闭路粉碎后产品的粒度特性.试验结果表明:随着辊面压力的增加,粉碎产品粒度降低,分布更加均匀,破碎比F50/P50的增长速率高于破碎比F80/P80和F20/P20的增长速率;随着边料循环量的增加,粉碎产品的粒度降低,分布更不均匀,破碎比F80/P80的增长速率高于破碎...     

Study on the strength of cold-bonded high-phosphorus oolitic hematite-coal composite briquettes

Composite briquettes containing high-phosphorus oolitic hematite and coal were produced with a twin-roller briquette machine using sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, molasses, starch, sodium silicate, and bentonite as binders. The effect of these binders on the strength of the composite briquettes, including cold strength and high-temperature strength, was investigated by drop testing and compression testing. It was found the addition of Ca(OH)₂ and Na₂CO₃ not only improved the reduction of iron oxides and promoted dephosphorization during the reduction-separation process but also provided strength to the composite briquettes during the briquetting process; a compressive strength of 152.8 N per briquette was obtained when no binders were used. On this basis, the addition of molasses, sodium silicate, starch, and bentonite improved the cold strength of the composite briquettes, and a maximum compressive strength of 404.6 N per briquette was obtained by using starch. When subjected to a thermal treatment at 1200℃, all of the composite briquettes suffered from a sharp decrease in compressive strength during the initial reduction process. This decrease in strength was related to an increase in porosity of the composite briquettes. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses showed that the decrease in strength of the composite briquettes could be caused by four factors: decomposition of bonding materials, gasification of coal, transportation of byproduct gases in the composite briquettes, and thermal stress.     

Grate-kiln pelletization of Indian hematite fines and its industrial practice

Indian hematite fines normally have a high iron grade and minor impurities; they are usually used as sinter fines for feeding into a blast furnace. In this work, the grindability properties of two kinds of Indian hematite fines and the roasting behaviors and induration characteristics of pellets made from these fines were revealed through experiments involving dry ball milling and small-scale and pilot-scale tests. In addition, the microstructures of the particles of ground India hematite fines and fired pellets were investigated using optical microscopy. On the basis of the results, a grate-kiln production line with an annual output of 1.2 Mt of oxidized pellets was established in India. This pellet plant operates stably and reliably, further confirming that preparing high-quality pellets with Indian hematite fines pretreated by dry ball milling is an industrially feasible process.     

煤的挥发分对高磷鲕状赤铁矿直接还原焙烧的影响

在相同还原焙烧条件和等量添加剂下,系统研究了煤基还原剂中的挥发分对鄂西高磷鲕状赤铁矿在直接还原焙烧过程中对含铁和磷矿物的影响.通过XRD及SEM分析对煤基中挥发分的作用机理进行初步阐述.研究结果表明,煤的挥发分有利于铁回收率的提高,对降低铁产品中磷不利.经过类高温干馏的两种煤种的原煤作为还原剂时,焙烧产品新生成脉石矿物不同,并且原矿中鲕绿泥石和石英等会与含铁矿物发生复杂的化学反应,原矿中含磷矿物大部分仍以氟磷灰石形式存在,但少部分含磷矿物仍会参与还原焙烧的反应.     

高压辊磨机操作因素对粉碎产品粒度特性的影响

采用高压辊磨机破碎贫赤铁矿,分别研究了辊面速度、辊面压力、矿石含水率等操作因素对中料和边料产品粒度特性的影响.结果表明:增加辊面压力,中料和边料产品粒度变细,中料产品粒度分布更加集中,边料产品粒度分布更加均匀;提升一定的辊面速度,中料产品粒度变细,粒度分布更加集中,继续提升辊面速度,中料产品粒度特性无明显变化,辊面速度变化对边料产品粒度特性影响不明显;提高给料矿石的含水率,中料和边料产品细度变化不明显,中料产品粒度分布更加集中,边料产品粒度分布更加均匀.     

高磷鲕状赤铁矿还原焙烧及微生物脱磷试验

以湖北鄂西某高磷鲕状赤铁矿为研究对象,采用还原焙烧-弱磁选方法进行试验,并用黑曲霉对磁选后精矿进行微生物浸出脱磷研究.试验结果表明,正交实验得出各因素对精矿品位的影响顺序从大到小依次为焙烧温度、焙烧时间、还原剂比例、磨矿粒度.最佳焙烧-弱磁选条件为焙烧温度900℃、焙烧时间25 min、还原剂配比6％、磨矿粒度-0.074 mm95.08％,在此条件下获得精矿品位57.25％、回收率90.20％的较好的选别指标.黑曲霉对精矿中的磷元素具有较强的脱除能力,微生物浸出作用8d后,在较低的矿浆浓度下矿石的脱磷率为79.68％,矿石中的含磷量由0.85％降低到0.17％.该研究为微生物用于铁矿石的脱磷提供了理论依据.     

微波预处理条件对鄂西鲕状赤铁矿磨矿效率的影响

以鄂西鲕状赤铁矿为研究对象,采用不同功率与加热时间对其进行微波预处理,研究矿样在微波场中的升温特性,考察预处理前后矿样形貌、比表面积及孔隙率变化,分析所得矿样的磨矿效率、邦德磨矿功指数及过程功耗。结果表明,当微波功率为1~3kW时,矿石可在90s内被迅速加热至400℃以上,且升温速率随功率的增大而增加;经不同条件微波预处理后,赤铁矿与脉石颗粒间出现明显裂缝,矿石比表面积与孔隙率分别提升43.8%~51.9%和20.9%~40.0%;相同磨矿条件下,经功率为2kW、时间为45s处理后的矿样,-0.038mm和-0.074 mm粒级产品产率最高可提升37.2%和43.4%,邦德磨矿功指数最多可下降13.6%;微波预处理有助于降低磨矿过程功耗,当磨矿产品中-0.038 mm粒级产率为49.2%时,最大能耗降幅为21.4%。