统一碳税和差异化碳税下的再制造绩效评价

分别在无碳税、统一碳税和差异化碳税三种政策下,构建了垄断制造商的利润最大化决策模型,研究实施不同碳税政策对制造商的再制造生产决策、碳排放和社会福利的影响.研究表明:相比于无碳税政策,政府征收碳税减少了制造商的利润和碳排放,在一定条件下有利于提高社会福利;实施碳税政策有利于鼓励更多类型的制造商参与再制造,并且差异化碳税比...     

酸解法对甘氨酸母液脱色后废活性炭的再生研究

在用海因法生产甘氨酸的过程中,为了精制甘氨酸,需要用大量的活性炭对甘氨酸母液进行脱色,而脱色后的活性炭就成了废活性炭.为了实现废活性炭的再利用,针对此废活性炭用酸解法对其进行再生.研究了再生酸种类、浓度、用量、再生温度和再生时间等对废活性炭再生效果的影响,确定了适宜的再生条件:硫酸质量分数为70％,硫酸溶液与废活性炭的...     

Performance of Ion-gel Actuator Containing Ionic Liquids

1 Results Electroactive polymers (EAPs) driven by transducing electric energy into mechanical energy have been the subjects of recent interest[1].“Ionic liquids“,consisting entirely of cation and anion,have characteristic features such as negligible volatility,non-flammability,thermal and chemical stability,and high ionic conductivity.We proposed an EAP actuator utilizing ion-gels[2-3],which consist of ionic liquids and polymers,sandwiching with two carbon material sheets as shown in Fig.1.This electrol...     

原位观察电子束辐照下双壁碳纳米管的不稳定性

室温下利用高分辨透射电子显微镜原位观察了两端固定和一端固定、另一端自由的双壁碳纳米管在电子束辐照下的结构不稳定性.实验发现,在相同辐照条件下,两端固定的双壁碳纳米管首先径向持续均匀收缩,然后局部颈缩,最后在颈缩处断裂;一端固定、另一端自由的双壁碳纳米管轴向长度持续快速缩小,而径向收缩相对缓慢.我们利用最近提出的表面纳米曲率效应和能量束诱导非热激活效应基础上新发展的碳原子"融蒸"和"扩散"机制,对上述电子束辐照下双壁碳纳米管结构不稳定现象进行了全新、合理的解释.     

Studies of world carbon fiber industry from a perspective of patent analysis

Patents are the manifestation of the industry R&D endeavor;therefore, World carbon fiber in-dustry from the perspective of patent analysis is studied .Findings from the analysis show a continual increase of carbon fibers patents since 1969 , and the growth rate began even faster after the year of 2005.Five countries (Japan, China, US, Germany and Korea) took dominant positions in global carbon fibers R&D , and the sum of patents applied in these five countries accounted for 80%of the total patents in the world .Corporations do play an active role in global carbon fibers R&D , and over 60%of patents were applied by corporations .Among them , the top 3 corporations were all from Ja-pan, which had much more patents than the other patent assignees .Furthermore, most corporations were not active in cooperation with others , except Toyota Motor Corp .Global carbon fibers R&D fo-cused on sheet manufacture cloth , core wire layer , heat connect provide and filter activated draw . And there is big difference between Japan and China in the R&D focus .China ’ s corporations have exhibited rapid growth in the number of patent applications in recent years , but there is still a large gap between China and foreign countries in view of global patent layout and influence .By providing the insight into the evolution of global carbon fibers industrial and technological development through the perspective of patent analysis , this study hopes to provide an objective statistic reference for fu-ture policy directions and academic researches .     

(Fe1-x Nx)4N晶体结构和磁性的第一性原理分析

运用第一性原理全势线性缀加平面波方法研究了反钙钛矿结构 (Fe_1-x N_x)₄N化合物的结构和磁性质.计算了化合物晶格常数随Ni含量的变化关系；总能的计算表明镍原子优先占据角点位；结合能的计算结果显示随镍含量的增加化合物的相稳定性先上升后下降，在镍含量达到25%时化合物呈最稳定相，在镍含量大于75%后不会形成稳定相，这些结果均与实验结果一致.讨论了不同交换关联势对化合物磁矩计算结果的影响.     

沥青基球状活性炭浸渍碳酸钠脱硫剂脱除H2S的性能与表征

将沥青基球状活性炭(PSAC)浸渍一定浓度的Na2CO3,制备了一种高性能脱硫剂(PSAC-I)。利用N2吸附、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、热重、元素分析等手段对脱硫前后的PSAC-I进行了表征,研究了PSAC-I的脱硫产物和失活原因,考察了温度和相对湿度对脱硫的影响。结果表明:PSAC-I的脱硫效果远好于普通煤质柱状活性炭和商用活性炭脱硫剂;PSAC-I的脱硫产物主要为单质硫和少量的硫酸,当PSAC-I的孔隙被脱硫产物充满或者孔口全部被堵塞后即失活;PSAC-I脱硫最佳温度为30℃,温度过高或者过低均不利于H2S的脱除;提高原料气相对湿度有利于提高硫容。     

难选锡中矿球团软化性能的研究

本文采用荷重变形法测定锡中矿球团的软化温度,研究物料软化性能与组成之间的关系,探索原料配比、氯化剂、固定碳和碱度等因素对球团软化温度的影响,从中寻求了改善球团软化性能的途径。研究证明,加入适量矿物添加剂,可改善锡中矿球团的高温软化性能。     

非热处理高碳高锰钢凝固研究及应用前景

首次从非平衡凝固（液淬和铸造）角度深入研究高锰钢中碳化物的形成及其形态，发现：高锈钢中碳化物在非平衡凝固过程中可以形成，生长方式为分枝合作长大模型．通过Ｓｉ－Ｃａ变质剂变质处理后，分枝的碳化物转化为球状，原因在于碳化物长大过程中生长界面前沿的活性元素硫氧发生了改变，改善了碳化物生长方向上的成分过冷，使碳化物在长大过程中各方向生长速度相近而长成球团状．这为高碳高锰钢铸态产品的开发应用提供了依据