基于真值的SBL_～公理化扩张系统的计量化

本文首先在带有对合否定的△模糊逻辑系统SBL～中,运用△演绎定理和真值分布,论证了SBL～系统中有效推理的真值关系定理.其次以SBL～系统的公理化扩张Godel～为例,提出了△相似度、△距离,运用真值关系定理论证了△度量空间逻辑算子→,～的连续性,给出了公式与理论间距离的计算方法,从而实现了△模糊逻辑系统的计量化.最后在Godel～系统中提出了3种近似推理模式,并讨论了3种模式之间的关系.     

Reichenbach on causality in 1923: Scientific inference,coordination, and confirmation

In The Theory of Relativity and A Priori Knowledge (1920b), Reichenbach developed an original account of cognition as coordination of formal structures to empirical ones. One of the most salient features of this account is that it is explicitly not a top-down type of coordination, and in fact it is crucially “directed” by the empirical side. Reichenbach called this feature “the mutuality of coordination” but, in that work, did not elaborate sufficiently on how this is supposed to work. In a paper that he wrote less than two years afterwards (but that he published only in 1932), “The Principle of Causality and the Possibility of its Empirical Confirmation” (1923/1932), he described what seems to be a model for this idea, now within an analysis of causality that results in an account of scientific inference. Recent reassessments of his early proposal do not seem to capture the extent of Reichenbach's original worries. The present paper analyses Reichenbach's early account and suggests a new way to look at his early work. According to it, we perform measurements, individuate parameters, collect and analyse data, by using a “constructive” approach, such as the one with which we formulate and test hypotheses, which paradigmatically requires some simplicity assumptions. Reichenbach's attempt to account for all these aspects in 1923 was obviously limited and naive in many ways, but it shows that, in his view, there were multiple ways in which the idea of “constitution” is embodied in scientific practice.     

马尔可夫逻辑网在信息抽取中的应用

提出了一个基于马尔可夫逻辑网的信息抽取方法,将所有记录的分割和记录去重在一个单独的整合推理过程中进行.由于采用马尔可夫逻辑和现有的推理算法,其主要工作是编写合适的逻辑公式,工程量比其他传统方法少得多.实验基于CiteSeer 和Cora这两个引文匹配数据集,其结果要明显优于之前的其他方法,同时也证明了马尔可夫逻辑网模型的精确性.     

基于变论域的分散模糊推理方法求解传热反问题

建立了基于变论域的分散模糊推理方法。首先,设计了一组分散的模糊推理单元,以各测点处温度的计算值和测量值之间的误差分别作为模糊推理单元的输入变量,同时根据误差的大小调整输入变量论域的值,进行模糊推理得到推理结果;然后,对各推理结果进行加权综合,产生各个待反演温度的补偿值并对各个待反演温度的猜测值进行修正;最后,实现导热反问题的求解。选用不同的初始猜测值、温度测点数目以及温度测量误差进行了数值试验,证实了基于变论域DFI算法的有效性。     

关于构建社会主义和谐社会的思考

不断提高构建社会主义和谐社会的能力,是党的十六届四中全会提出的一个创新性论断,它表明,我国社会主义现代化建设的总布局已经由发展社会主义市场经济、社会主义民主政治和社会主义先进文化的三位一体,提升为包括社会主义和谐社会在内的四位一体。     

浅析铬钒钙铝榴石的颜色成因

石榴石族为宝石中的大家族,种类繁多,铬钒钙铝榴石为石榴石中的珍品,目前已有人将其与祖母绿进行对比,可见其价值已受到人们的瞩目。通过对铬钒钙铝榴石进行常规宝石学研究、紫外可见光光谱对比分析、ICP微量元素研究,对紫外吸收光谱、宝石致色元素进行研究。测试结果表明宝石为钙系石榴石,Cr为其主要致色元素,V可能也对宝石颜色有影响,与Cr共同致色;同时铬钒钙铝榴石的主要致色元素的含量对宝石的物理性质有一定的影响。     

滚动轮胎表面对流换热系数的研究

对滚动轮胎表面同时考虑风吹和旋转的影响,在风洞中采用热质比拟原理,对风吹旋转圆盘的对流换热规律进行了研究,得到了圆盘半径范围内局部点的无量纲因次方程式.用相似原理把对流换热实验结果模拟到轮胎上,确定了在行驶速度为60~90 km/h的范围内,165/70R10型轮胎的平均对流换热系数随速度的变化规律,得到了拟合公式.研究表明平均对流换热系数随着速度的增加呈现线性增加的趋势.     

一种引入推理规则的快速规划识别算法

在目标图算法的基础上引入推演扩展和推演检测过程,并进一步扩展了目标图的构造和分析过程,使得目标图可以处理带有推理规则的规划识别问题,从而在初始世界状态空间未完全已知的情况下依然可以识别目标.该算法不需要规划库,从而避免了利用规划库所带来的诸如手工编码和搜索时具有指数代价的问题.     

Eliminative abduction: examples from medicine

Peter Lipton argues that inference to the best explanation (IBE) involves the selection of a hypothesis on the basis of its loveliness. I argue that in optimal cases of IBE we may be able to eliminate all but one of the hypotheses. In such cases we have a form of eliminative induction takes place, which I call ‘Holmesian inference’. I argue that Lipton’s example in which Ignaz Semmelweis identified a cause of puerperal fever better illustrates Holmesian inference than Liptonian IBE. I consider in detail the conditions under which Holmesian inference is possible and conclude by considering the epistemological relations between Holmesian inference and Liptonian IBE.     

基于模糊遗传算法的机组组合问题的求解

为求解机组组合问题,提出一种模糊优化与遗传算法紧密结合的新的模糊遗传算法.通过建立模糊推理规则,对交叉率和变异率进行模糊控制,从而提高了收敛速度,避免了不成熟收敛.将该模糊遗传算法应用于一工程算例中求解机组组合问题,与传统遗传算法相比,在同样的种群规模和终止准则下,采用该算法的收敛迭代次数减少,减幅最大达122次,而每次迭代计算时间最多仅增加约0.01 s;优化组合的发电成本减小,减幅最大时达总发电成本的0.73%.