EFFECT OF LITHIUM-BASE CATALYST ON THE RATE OF TRANSESTERIFICATION OF DMT WITH EG AND ON THE QUALITY OF PET

New catalysts combined with an organic or inorganic lithium salt (lithium acetate or lithiumchloride) and a conventional catalyst for the transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate withethylene glycol have been studied. Reaction mechanism in presence of lithium-base catalyst hasbeen proposed. A synergistic action of two classes of catalysts creates the speed-up of initial re-action particularly in presence of lithium acetate. The presence of lithium base catalyst can re-duce diethylene glycol content and raise the melting point of final PET product, but almostuneffect PET molecular weight distribution.     

聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯的酰氯法固态聚合

用酰氯-固态缩聚法合成了不含金属盐催化剂的聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET),其中含有不同量的二甘醇链结构,含量从0～16mol%。本文还对聚合物的链结构、分子量分布和聚合动力学作了初步探讨。     

乙烯丁烯中微量含氧化合物的测定

在石油化学加工中，原料气中含氧化合物的含量有严格的规定。含氧化合物的存在，可使催化剂中毒失活。本文用气相色谱法，以高分子多孔微球为固定相对乙烯原料气中的微量二甲醚、甲醇；丁烯原料气中的微量甲醇、甲基叔丁基醚进行测定。同时，还考察了Ｐｏｒａｐａｋ系列在这几种微量杂质测定中的选择特性。     

PBT／PET的组成与混溶性及物理机械性能的关系Ⅰ．非晶状态下混溶的判据

PBT/PET共混体系是一种结晶/结晶聚合物共混体系,除熔融状态外,通过骤冷或其他处理,还可得到玻璃体等非结晶态。本文研究它们处于非结晶态的相溶性问题,用动态粘弹谱仪、差示扫描量热等进行考察,取得处于非晶状态下的PBT/PET体系彼此相溶的实验判据。     

PET/60PHB热致性液晶共聚酯的固相缩聚——影响表观反应速度的因素

本文将 PET/60PHB 热致性液晶共聚酯加热到玻璃化温度和熔融温度之间进行固相缩聚反应,研究了影响表观反应速度的主要因素——反应条件和预聚体的性质。在适当条件下固相缩聚反应,可将共聚酯的特性粘数[η]从0.690提高到1.083。     

溶剂诱导结晶PET的形态和晶体结构

应用X射线衍射和扫描电子显微镜研究了溶剂诱导结晶PET的形态和结晶结构。表明球状结构仅在表层形成,结晶程度、晶粒尺寸和晶区密度都依赖于所用溶剂,同时结晶度随处理时间的变化可用作溶剂渗透动力学的测定。     

乙烯环氧化银催化剂中铯的助催作用

用XPS、XRD、脉冲吸附和微反动力学评价等方法,研究铯的不同含量和分布对催化剂性能的影响。结果表明Cs在银催化剂表面含量和分布状态的不同,可能具有不同的助催作用本质,由于Cs与Ag间存在着d-d电子相互作用,能有效地调节Ag的价态和电子输出能力,有利于选择氧化生成环氧乙烷(EO),同时Cs能中和载体表面使EO异构化的酸中心,因此设法让催化剂表面存在适量的Cs并使Cs-Ag间有适当的距离是制备高选择性乙烯环氧化银催化剂的关键。     

Crystallization Behavior of Copolymer Poly(ethylene terephth-alate/isophthalate)(IPET)

The non-isothermal crystallization kinetics, isothermal crystallization and the morphology of crystals of the copolymer poly ( ethylene terephthalate/ isophthalate ) (IPET) were studied by DSC and polarized-light microscopy in this paper. DSC results indicate that the glass transition temperature Tg of IPET is slightly lower than that of poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET), but the melting temperature Tm and the crystallization temperature Tc of PET and IPET have much difference. The difference of Tc between PET and IPET2 is about 7℃, and the difference of Tm between PET and IPET2 is about 16℃. From the kinetics analysis of the crystallization, the crystallization mechanism of all samples is of three-dimension spherulitic growth from instantaneous nuclei and the incorporation of isophthalate (IPA) decreases the crystallization rate of IPET greatly. The isothermal results indicate that the morphologies of PET and IPET crystals are all spherulite, which is in conformity to the results of non-isothermal d     

新型结焦抑制剂LPA-I抑焦性能研究

以抚顺石油二厂提供的轻质油为原料，在小型连续管式裂解炉上，对轻质油在不同条件下的结焦规律进行了实验测试．实验均在常压，1083-1123K温度条件下进行，并以水蒸气作为惰性稀释剂，分别考察了二甲基二硫（DMDS）、磷酸二酯（LPA）和新型结焦抑制剂LPA—I存在下轻质油裂解结焦抑制剂的性能，同时考察了裂解温度、稀释比对结焦速率的影响,结果表明：LPA-I作为一种新型结焦抑制剂其功能完善，抑焦效果优于DMDS和LPA．同时，在轻质油中加入LPA-I可提高乙烯收率．