贮藏时间对超高压处理鲜榨番茄汁品质的影响

以热处理(100℃处理5min)作为对照,评价超高压处理(25℃和400MPa处理30min)鲜榨番茄汁贮藏3个月期间的品质和风味变化规律。结果显示超高压处理的鲜榨番茄汁在2个月的贮藏期内,菌落总数、霉菌和酵母菌数量均在国家食品卫生标准以内;pH值、PPO和POD活性逐渐降低;维生素C含量降低约24%,而热处理的鲜榨番茄汁中维生素C含量降低约96%;超高压处理的鲜榨番茄汁风味更加接近于番茄的原有香气,而热处理引起风味的显著性变化。因此,超高压处理的鲜榨番茄汁在2个月的贮藏期内品质和风味均优于传统热处理番茄汁。     

南大西洋被动陆缘沉积物厚度特征与分段对比

基于美国国家海洋和大气管理局(NOAA)发布的最新全球沉积物厚度数据, 综合利用被动陆缘盆地、洋底高原和转换断层等地质信息, 识别南大西洋七大沉积中心。南大西洋沉积物厚度整体上呈西厚东薄、北厚南薄的趋势, 按陆缘及盆地特征, 将大西洋两岸盆地从北到南划分为4段: 赤道段、中段、南段和福克兰段,其中被动陆缘盆地主要分布在前3段。赤道段盆地主要受转换断层控制, 发育三叠系蒸发岩; 中段盆地发育阿普第阶盐沉积, 是油气勘探的重点区域; 南段受火山活动的影响, 以发育向海倾斜反射体为主要特征。     

搁板温度对人血小板冻干保存的影响

一次干燥温度位的高低直接影响一次干燥所需时间.实验研究了干燥箱搁板温度对血小板冷冻干燥保存的影响,检测了冻干血小板复水后的数值恢复率、细胞形态和结构、血小板凋亡和活化等指标,与新鲜组进行了对照分析.结果显示:当搁板温度为-30℃时,血小板冻干复水后的数值恢复率为(89.0±3.2)%;血小板平均体积(MPV)和分布宽度(PDW)值分别为(12.4±1.5)fL和(18.3±1.5)%,在可以接受的范围之内;未凋亡率为(87.5±2.6)%,非活化率为(80.4±2.6)%.     

Continental subduction channel processes: Plate interface interaction during continental collision

The study of subduction-zone processes is a key to development of the plate tectonic theory. Plate interface interaction is a basic mechanism for the mass and energy exchange between Earth＇s surface and interior. By developing the subduction channel model into continental collision orogens, insights are provided into tectonic processes during continental subduction and its products. The continental crust, composed of felsic to mafic rocks, is detached at different depths from subducting continental lithosphere and then migrates into continental subduction channel. Part of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle wedge, composed of perido- tile, is offscrapped from its bottom. The crustal and mantle fragments of different sizes are transported downwards and upwards inside subduction channels by the corner flow, resulting in varying extents of metamorphism, with heterogeneous deformation and local anatexis. All these metamorphic rocks can be viewed as tectonic melanges due to mechanical mixing of crust- and man- lie-derived rocks in the subduction channels, resulting in different types of metamorphic rocks now exposed in the same orogens. The crust-mantle interaction in the continental subduction channel is realized by reaction of the overlying ancient subcontinental lithospheric mantle wedge peridotite with aqueous fluid and hydrous melt derived from partial melting of subducted continental basement granite and cover sediment. The nature of premetamorphic protoliths dictates the type of collisional orogens, the size of ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic terranes and the duration of ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism.     

分形在南海北部陆坡断裂与天然气水合物关系研究中的应用

 根据分形几何学的原理,利用数盒子法计算了南海北部陆坡断裂的平面分布分维值,并以此探讨了断裂与天然气水合物的关系,结果表明：属被动陆缘的北部陆坡断裂越发育水合物异常越少,而属主动陆缘的台西南则断裂越发育水合物异常就越多。这一结果也反映了：被动陆缘环境的张性断层因缺乏相伴生的褶皱而不利于水合物的发育,并可能作为天然气的泄漏通道而破坏水合物成藏;主动陆缘环境的断裂以挤压逆冲断层为主,并伴生强烈的褶皱,其中断裂是深部烃源向上运移的通道,褶皱则是浅部天然气聚集成藏的圈闭。     

The Siberian Traps and the End-Permian mass extinction: a critical review

The association between the Siberian Traps, the largest continental flood basalt province, and the largest-known mass extinction event at the end of the Permian period, has been strengthened by recently-published high-precision ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar dates from widespread localities across the Siberian province^[1]. We argue that the impact of the volcanism was amplified by the prevailing late Permian environmental conditions―in particular, the hothouse climate, with sluggish oceanic circulation, that was leading to widespread oceanic anoxia. Volcanism released large masses of sulphate aerosols and carbon dioxide, the former triggering short-duration volcanic winters, the latter leading to long-term warming. Whilst the mass of CO₂ released from individual eruptions was small compared with the total mass of carbon in the atmosphere-ocean system, the long ‘mean lifetime’ of atmospheric CO₂, compared with the eruption flux and duration, meant that significant accumulation could occur over periods of 105 years. Compromise of the carbon sequestration systems (by curtailment of photosynthesis, destruction of biomass, and warming and acidification of the oceans) probably led to rapid atmospheric CO₂ build-up, warming, and shallow-water anoxia, leading ultimately to mass extinction.     

Multistage evolution of continental collision orogen: A case study for western Dabie orogen

The foramtion and evolution of collisional orogen is a prominent feature along convergent plate margins, and is generally a complex process. This article presents an integrated study of zircon genesis, U-Pb age and Lu-Hf isotope composition as well as geological characteristics for the western Dabie orogen to constrain its multi-stage evolution history. The results suggest that the formation of oceanic crust in the Huwan area was constrained at ca. 400--430 Ma, which was slightly later than the collision of the northern Qinling with the North China Block. It formed in a marginal basin in the northern margin of the Yangtze Block. The peak metamorphism of eclogite in the Huwan area occurred at ca. 310 Ma, and the timing of the initial exhumation of oceanic eclogite was about 270 Ma. The high to ultrahigh pressure （HP-UHP） metamorphic rocks in the Xinxian and the Hong＇an metamorphic zones have the same ages and natures as those of the HP-UHP metamorphic rocks in the other Dabie-Sulu terrains, and also have experienced multi-stage exhumation, and thus can be taken as a coherent part of the Dabie-Sulu orogen. Therefore, the Qinling-Dabie-Sulu orogen is a typical multi-stage continental collision orogen, with an amalgamation process extending more than 200 Ma.     

地球的陆壳是怎样形成的?——神秘而有趣的前寒武纪地质学

地球的年龄大约有46亿年。以5.45亿年为界,之前的称为前寒武纪,它有大约40亿年,是地球历史上漫长的地质时代。之后的称为显生宙,寒武纪就是显生宙的第一个纪元。地球陆壳的80%～90%以上是在前寒武纪形成的,记录了复杂和惊心动魄的地质构造事件,赋存着丰富的矿产资源。前寒武纪地质,就是研究地球在前寒武纪时期的地质演化,特别是大陆的形成和增生以及演化的学科。     

新疆博格达山晚古生代花岗岩地球化学特征及构造意义

分布在博格达山东段北缘的花岗岩类,侵入于早石炭世玄武岩及酸性火山碎屑岩中,具较高的Si(w(SiO_2)=69.50%～71.40%),低Mg(w(MgO)=0.82%～1.10%)和Al(w(Al_2O_3)=13.89%～14.30%),w(K_2O)/w(Na_2O)=0.73～0.83,w(Al_2O_3)/(w(K_2O)+w(Na_2O)+w(CaO))=0.98～1.10,显示花岗岩为准铝质Ⅰ型花岗岩.岩石富集K,Rb,Ba,Th,U及LREE(w(La)/w(Yb))_N=5.69～7.72,亏损高场强元素(Nb,Ta,P,Ti)和Sr,具弱Eu负异常(δEu=0.81)和较低的占δ~(18)O(6.08‰),以及低w(Sr)(158×10~(-6)～169×10~(-6)),w(Yb)(2.09×10~(-6)～2.85×10~(-6)),w(Y)(17.00×10~(-6)～23.60×10~(-6))和MREE略亏损(Ho_NYb_N)的地球化学特征.推断研究区花岗岩源于先前形成的底侵玄武质岩石(新生地壳)受热发生重熔作用,源区存在有限的角闪石+斜长石+辉石残留,形成于陆内裂谷环境,其动力学机制应与石炭纪克拉麦里蛇绿岩带或康古尔塔格碰撞带所代表的古大洋消减引起的陆内拉张作用有关.     

Episodic rifting of continental marginal basins and tectonic events since 10 Ma in the South China Sea

Integrated study on the tectonic, basin filling and thermal evolution of the Tertiary basins on the northern margin of the South China Sea has indicated that the rift continental margin on the northern South China Sea is not a passive margin and that the western margin is characteristic of the transform-extension. Episodic rifting and the thermal events since 10 Ma in the area have been documented by the integrated analysis of dynamic process. It has been clarified that the tectono-thermal events have exerted a significant influence on basin features and hydrocarbon accumulation, and particularly, the westward collision of the Lusong Island Arc, the generation of densely spaced faults in the Pearl River Mouth Basin, the rapid subsidence, high heat flow and large-scale over pressure and thermal-fluid breakthrough in the Yinggehai and the Qiongdongnan basins have proved to be the important factors determining the formation of oil and gas in these basins.