阿伐那非类似物的合成与表征

以4-(3-氯-4-甲氧基苄基氨基)-2-[(2S)-2-羟甲基-1-吡咯烷基]-5-嘧啶羧酸乙酯为原料,在VDMSO∶VTHF=1∶1的混合溶液中,水解成酸后,与不同的胺反应,合成了8种未见文献报道的阿伐那非类似物.所合成的产物经~1H NMR、~(13)C NMR、ESI-MS得到验证.     

过冷沸腾在磷酸浓缩中的应用

实验证明,在低品位二次能源的利用中,利用过冷沸腾原理浓缩磷酸,可以使磷酸浓缩的蒸发负荷达到0.9kg/(m2·K·h),传热系数达引进专用浓缩装置的75%,而加热面的最高温度不超过70℃。这一现象将对湿法磷酸浓缩技术的工艺、设备、材质和操作运行管理产生重要影响。     

Simulation of sub-micron particle formation and growth during combustion processes

Sub-micron particle formation and growth during combustion processes is very complex because of its strong uncertainty and randomness. A model to simulate the sub-micron particle formation and growth during the combustion process is developed based on the gas kinetic theory and is expressed by the vapor concentration changes and particle loading changes, which reflects effect characteristics of different mechanism (nucleation, condensation and coagulation) in particle formation processes. The developed characteristic time is used to token the three mechanisms. It is thought that environmental temperature and pressure, vapor temperature and critical pressure are important factors influencing the sub-micron particle formation and growth. The sub-micron particle formation processes under different conditions are studied and the effect characteristics of these mechanisms are analyzed, which show that the nucleation, condensation,and coagulation occur simultaneously during the sub-micron particle formation and growth process. Nucleation contributes to the sub-micron particle formation, while condensation and coagulation is helpful to the growth of the particle size.     

非共沸混合工质膜状凝结小温差工况的研究

针对非共沸混合工质大空间膜状凝结小温差工况建立了一种新的解析模型，并以Ｒ２２／Ｒ１４２ｂ水平管外凝结为对象进行分析求解，理论计算重现了实验研究中出现的某些小温差工况下凝结换热恶化异常严重的现象，经过分析提出：“在混合蒸汽沿凝结物面方向的运动可以忽略的场合，非共沸混合工质凝结换热所需的最小温差等于此混合工质在相应组分浓度下的露泡点温差”的观点。     

母配分系数与旋量玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚

研究了由自旋为1的玻色子组成的N-体系统的总自旋态.导出了具有{N}和{N-1,1}对称性的总自旋态的母配分系数.这些系数使有关矩阵元的计算大为方便.因而它们将有助于建立一个关于旋量玻色爱因斯坦凝聚的改进了的理论,其中总自旋S及它的Z-分量Sz均得以守恒.     

Numerical investigation on the self-excited oscillation of wet steam flow in a supersonic turbine cascade

The self-excited flow oscillation due to supercritical heat addition during the condensation process in wet steam turbine is an important issue. With an Eulerian/Eulerian model, the self-excited oscillation of wet steam flow in a supersonic turbine cascade is investigated. A proper inlet supercooling results in the transition from steady flow to self-excited oscillating flow in the cascade of steam turbine. The frequency dependency on the inlet supercooling is not monotonic. The flow oscillation leads to non-synchronous periodical variation of the inlet and outlet mass flow rate. The aerodynamic force on the blade varies periodically due to the self-excited flow oscillation. With the frequency lies between 18.1?80.64 Hz, the oscillating flow is apt to act with the periodical variation of the inlet supercooling due to stator rotor interaction in a syntonic pattern, and results in larger aerodynamic force on the blade. The loss in the oscillating flow increases 20.64% compared with that in the steady flow.     

沥青乳化剂乳化效果的研究

用从造纸废液中提取的木质素与亚硫酸钠反应,合成磺化木素(EL-2-1)。以虹外、元素分析方法给予鉴定。二亚乙基三胺与油酸经缩合、环化反应,生成氨基乙基氢化咪唑啉。用EL-2-1、咪唑啉作乳化剂对胜利100~*乙道路沥青进行乳化效果的考察。试验结果表明,两种乳化剂均能较好地乳化胜利100~*乙道路沥青。沥青乳液的拌和稳定度试验结果表明,EL-2-1为慢裂型乳化剂;咪唑啉为快裂型乳化剂。     

MgO催化丙酮气相缩合制3,5-二甲基苯酚的研究

以MgO固体碱为催化剂,采用加压气固相催化反应装置,对连续流管式反应炉中丙酮气相一步缩合制3,5-二甲基苯酚的反应进行了研究.考察了温度、时间、压力和溶剂等因素对丙酮转化率和产物选择性的影响.实验得出反应适宜的温度为500℃,压力为0.5 MPa;在氢气氛围、空速为2.4h-1条件下,使用环己烷和水的混合液为反应溶剂时...     

烟道气的冷凝传热与脱硫的实验研究

实验研究了锅炉烟气在轴流式塑料螺旋板空气预热器中的传热特性．与圆管内和圆形套管内层流单相对流换热进行了比较．具有烟气冷凝的对流换热研究反映冷凝换热与单相对流换热具有同等重要性,与纯蒸气冷凝换热有明显不同,也不同于湿空气去湿过程．采用修正后的古典膜模型对烟气冷凝的计算与实验结果有较好的一致性．伴随烟气冷凝,烟道气中所含SO2和NO2被冷凝液吸收,降低了有害气体浓度．     

金属表面涂覆干燥剂的防凝露研究

针对金属设备表面发生凝露问题,提出在金属表面涂覆硅胶干燥剂的技术方案,通过硅胶被动吸湿防止凝露产生.通过构建实验系统,用发生凝露的时间参数t表征此措施的防凝露效果.实验表明,涂覆硅胶干燥剂可延长t,当金属温度低于露点温度时,对应环境的露点温度越低,防凝露效果越好;当露点温度一定时,金属温度越高,防凝露效果越明显.进一步用吸附动力学模型对涂覆干燥剂金属样片的凝露过程进行分析,并计算了水蒸气扩散系数,其大小影响凝露发生的时间.结果表明,扩散系数与环境的水蒸气分压及硅胶自身温度有关.当硅胶温度相同时,水蒸气分压越小,扩散系数越小;当水蒸气分压相同时,硅胶温度越高,扩散系数越小,发生凝露所需时间越长.