围填海工程对日照岚山港附近海域浮游动物群落影响研究

以2005-2019年秋季在日照岚山港附近海域6次浮游动物的调查资料为基础,结合该海域同期悬浮物监测结果,分析其浮游动物种类结构组成、种类数量、丰度、生物量以及香浓-威纳指数的变化,并初步探讨日照岚山港围填海工程对邻近海域浮游动物群落的影响。结果表明：2005-2019年日照岚山港附近海域秋季浮游动物种类组成比例和其他各项指数在一定范围内波动,其中,种类数和丰度呈先升高后降低再升高的趋势,生物量和多样性指数呈先升高后降低的趋势。浮游动物优势类群比例、种类数量和丰度与围填海工程进展存在一定的响应关系,生物量和香浓-威纳指数与围填海工程进展关系不明显。日照岚山港围填海工程会造成附近海域浮游动物优势类群改变,种类数量和丰度减少,围填海停止后优势类群、种类数量和丰度均有所恢复。     

Terrestrial isopods and myriapods in a forested scree slope: subterranean biodiversity,depth gradient and annual dynamics

Diversity, depth distribution and seasonal activity of isopods and myriapods were studied using subterranean traps buried in a forested limestone scree slope in the ?ierna Hora Mts, Western Carpathians, Slovakia, throughout the depth gradient from 5 to 95 cm. A total of five isopod, 13 diplopod and 11 chilopod species were identified. Most edaphic species strongly preferred the uppermost organic soil layers. Among the species captured, some represented rare stenoecous Carpathian endemics, namely the isopod Trichoniscus carpaticus, and diplopods Julus curvicornis and Leptoiulus mariae. Others were subterranean forms, partly adapted to hypogean conditions: the isopod Mesoniscus graniger, and diplopods Mecogonopodium carpathicum and Trachysphaera costata. The annual activity in the vast majority of the species ceased completely in winter, and was gradually relaunched in spring. In evaluating the age structure of two predominant diplopods Polydesmus denticulatus and Mecogonopodium carpathicum, both widespread across the depth gradient, a vertical segregation of early post-embryonic stages was found. While P. denticulatus tended to undergo the early stages of development in the soil-filled topmost levels, the early juvenile stage of M. carpathicum was distributed deep in the scree slope profile.     

Scientists and their cultural heritage: Knowledge,politics and ambivalent relationships

For many years, scientific heritage has received attention from multiple actors from different spheres of activity—archives, museums, scientific institutions. Beyond the heterogeneity revealed when examining the place of scientific heritage in different places, an authentic patrimonial configuration emerges and takes the form of a nebula of claims and of accomplishments that result, in some cases, in institutional and political recognition at the national level, in various country all around the world. At the international level, the creation of the international committee dedicated to University Museums and Collections (UMAC) within the International Council of Museums (ICOM) certainly testified from this raising interest in academic heritage and the existence of a specific community concern with it.This article presents numerous initiatives for the preservation of scientific heritage in France, with the goal of analysing the relationship scientists have with their heritage. We argue that scientific communities have a special relationship with heritage, which is characterized by a number of ambiguities. We show that such ambivalences allow analysis of identity, discipline, professional, and social issues operative in defining heritage and being redefined by heritage. To explore these dimensions, we have chosen to present three different case studies. The first traces the institutional uses of heritage by a scientific institution, the Commissariat à l’énergie atomique (CEA), through the transformation of the first French atomic reactor (ZOE) into a museum. The second example describes the initiatives of French astronomers from the mid-1990s to construct a national programme for the protection of astronomy heritage. Lastly, we recount the case of universities, with the example of the Université de Strasbourg.     

河南省石人山自然保护区落叶阔叶林群落生态特征

采用法瑞学派植被生态学的研究方法,在确定群落最小面积的基础上,设置典型样地,研究了石人山自然保护区锐齿栎林、栓皮栎林、短柄枹林、山杨林等落叶阔叶林的生境特征和群落的基本生态学特征,为自然保护区管理和植物群落生物多样性的保护提供了科学理论依据.     

不同水体沉水植物叶面微生物群落特征

以沉水植物黑藻(Hydrilla verticillata)、苦草(Vallisneria natans)、伊乐藻(Elodea nuttallii)和菹草(Potamogeton crispus L)为研究对象,利用扫描电镜、荧光显微镜和16S rRNA基因高通量测序技术,探究不同生境中沉水植物叶面附着微生物群落结构及影响因素。结果表明：沉水植物叶面附着藻类组成与环境水体的藻类组成具有明显差异;不同沉水植物叶面附着微生物密度不同,且河流样品中高于湖泊样品;α-变形菌、β-变形菌和γ-变形菌纲是沉水植物叶面附着生物膜上的主要细菌纲,这些纲具有降解污染物质、净化水体的功能;水体营养盐浓度对沉水植物叶面附着微生物群落结构有很大影响。     

江西龙宫洞不同季节土壤微生物群落结构比较

采用非培养法和传统培养法相结合,利用Illumina高通量测序技术对江西省九江市彭泽县龙宫洞微生物的16S rDNA和ITS相关区域进行测序及生物信息学分析,通过实时荧光定量PCR(qPCR)对洞穴土壤中细菌和真菌含量进行绝对定量,探究不同季节对洞穴土壤微生物群落结构的影响,同时观察相应可培养微生物分布情况.结果表明:...     

公共图书馆应积极为建设学习型社区服务

论述了构建学习型社区的重要性,分析了学习型社区现状及存在的问题,就图书馆应如何积极参与学习型社区建设,更好地为读者服务展开了讨论。     

论高校图书馆与社区学习

学习型社区为高校图书馆的发展提供了千载难逢的机遇,高校图书馆是社区学习和人才培养的教育基地,是知识创新的源泉与保障。论述了高校图书馆为社区学习服务的优势、意义和途径。     

对高校图书馆资源为社区服务的思考

阐述了高校图书馆资源为社区服务的必要性,提出了为社区服务的方式及应注意的事项,指出通过为社区服务可拓展高校图书馆服务工作的发展空间,并提高社区居民利用图书馆的意识。     

萍乡市社区体育的发展现状及对策研究

社区体育是家庭体育、学校体育和社会体育的桥梁,是实施全民健身计划的载体,也是落实两个文明建设到基层的重要途径。为了促进萍乡市社区体育活动的良性发展,通过调查访问的方法全面了解萍乡市社区体育的现状和存在问题,并提出具体的建议。