湿陷性黄土路基处理浅谈

介绍了冲击式压路机的特点,分析了冲击式压路机的压实效果,总结了冲击式压路机施工的优点。     

浅谈湿陷性黄土的特征及预防措施

分析了黄土湿陷的成因与本质,在明确湿陷性黄土地基湿陷等级的基础上,提出了湿陷性黄土地基的处理方法。     

陕北黄土高原臭柏群落进展演替和逆行演替

认为臭柏群落进展演替是在活动基质（流沙）上开始，终止于固定基质，其实质是在臭柏群落作用下，基质物理和化学特征以及水条件向着有利于植物生活的方向发展。在逆行演替阶段，植物群落对基质作用微弱，水条件变劣，耐旱的微观植物群落起着主导作用。整个演替过程，是植物群落作用下土壤性的内因动态演替。     

铁路黄土路基特征分析与施工

路基本体与基床施工质量的好坏，是确保行车安全的关键，其填筑分层、摊铺碾压又是重要环节。文章围绕北同蒲增建二线工程DK227 800—DK228 650段的施工，从土质结构特征、检测方式与指标选定到施工及注意事项进行了论述，供类同工程借鉴。     

软塑状土质隧道施工技术

通过对神延铁路羊马河隧道DK437 600～DK437 682长82m、七楞山隧道DK428 550～DK428 471长79m的软塑状黄土、羊马河隧道DK438 349～ 380长31m土质隧道塌方段的施工，总结了小管棚结合管桩快速通过软塑状土质隧道及土质隧道塌方地段的施工经验．     

浅谈郑西客运专线函谷关隧道施工技术

结合郑西客运专线函谷关隧道施工情况,简述了特大断面湿陷性黄土隧道的施工原则、施工方法以及施工中的注意事项。     

某电厂储灰场地基强夯试验实例分析

利用强夯法处理地基是工程建设中常用方法之一，但对于不同的地质条件和工程要求，其效果会有很大的差异。山东莱城电厂－储灰场坝基属湿陷性黄土，采用了强夯法处理，并进行了大量的检测和试验，取得了较好的处理效果。     

宁夏同心黄土湿陷特性实验研究

以宁夏同心黄土为研究对象,初始含水量、干密度、自重压力、超固结比为因素,设计正交实验方案进行了黄土的湿陷性研究．结果表明：黄土的湿陷系数随初始含水量、干密度、自重压力、超固结比的增大而减小;各因素影响的主次顺序为初始含水量、超固结比、干密度和自重压力,初始含水量和超固结比是影响黄土湿陷性的重要因素．在正交实验结果分析的基础上,以初始含水量为因素进行了单因素实验,发现湿陷系数与初始含水量有很好的线性相关性,并得到拟合关系式,对当地湿陷性黄土地基处理有很好的指导意义．     

Variability of snail growing season at the Chinese Loess Plateau during the last 75 ka

Knowledge of seasonal climate change is one of the key issues facing Quaternary paleoclimatic studies and estimating seasonal climate change is difficult,especially changes such as seasonal length on glacial-interglacial timescales.The stable isotope composition from seasonal land snail shells provides the potential to reveal seasonal climatic features.Two modern land snail species,cold-aridiphilous Pupilla aeoli and thermo-humidiphilous Punctum orphana,were collected from different climatic zones in 18 localities across the Chinese Loess Plateau,spanning 11 degrees of longitude and covering a range of 1000 km2.The duration of the snail growing season(temperature ≥10℃) was shorter(202 ± 6 d) in the eastern Loess Plateau compared with in the western Loess Plateau(162 ±7 d).The δ13C of P.aeoli shells was ?9.1‰ to ?4.7‰ and ?5.0‰ to 0.3‰ for δ18O.For P.orphana,the δ13C ranged from ?9.1‰ to ?1.9‰ and ?8.9‰ to ?2.9‰ for δ18O.Both the δ13C and δ18O differences between the two snail species were reduced from the east to the western Loess Plateau(2.8‰ to 0.2 ± 1.1‰ for δ13C and 4.7‰ to 2.9 ± 1.3‰ for δ18O).These isotopic differences roughly reflect the difference in the growing season lengths between the east and west Loess Plateau indicating that the duration of the snail growing season shortens by 15 d or 19 d if the difference decreases by 1‰ in δ13C or δ18O,respectively.Thus,the difference in δ13C and δ18O between both snail species can be used to reveal the length of the snail growing season in the past.Based on our investigation,the length of the snail growing seasons from the Xifeng region during the last 75 ka was reconstructed.During the mid-Holocene(8-3 ka),the mean isotopic difference from both snail species reached maximum values of 2.6 ± 0.7‰ and 2.1 ± 1.4‰ for δ13C and δ18O,respectively.This was followed by MIS 3 that ranged from 2.5 ± 0.4‰ for δ13C and 1.6 ± 0.8‰ for δ18O.The Last Glacial Maximum changed by only 0.2‰ and 0.4‰ for δ13C and δ18O,respectively.Therefore,we estimate that the duration of the snail growing seasons to be ～200 ± 10 d during the mid-Holocene,190 ± 6 d in MIS 3 and 160 ± 3 d during the last glacial period.     

陕西黄土台塬区农用地作物生产潜力分析及预测

基于RS和GIS支持,利用潜力递减法分析了陕西黄土高原台塬区农用地作物生产潜力空间变化特征,采用气候理论潜力为目标进行作物生态潜力预测。结果表明:陕西黄土高原台塬区农用地作物生产潜力差异较大,其中,光合生产潜力由东北向西南递减,光温生产潜力由东南向西北递减,气候生产潜力表现为西南部高于东北部,土壤生产潜力则南部高于北部;1985—2010年,研究区内作物生产潜力总量均有不同程度的降低,光合生产潜力、光温生产潜力、气候生产潜力及土壤生产潜力损失量分别为16 670.19、8 579.06、3 185.58、1 147.98 t,各占其对应级别潜力总量的2.37%、2.33%、2.33%、1.92%;建设用地的扩张对研究时段内区域作物生产潜力有明显的负面影响,因建设用地扩张造成的生产潜力损失约占农用地生态潜力损失量的50%;黄土台塬区的农用地的气候理论水平增产潜力较大。